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WÉPEND-LÍC--WER. 1205
153, 25-33. Hí ofslógon weras and wífmen and ða wépendan cild interfecerunt omnia a viro usque ad mulierem, ab infante usque ad senem, Jos. 6, 21. (2) of other than human beings:--Weóp eal gesceaft, Rood Kmbl. 110; Kr. 55. I a. where tears are shed:--On mínum bedde ic síce and wépe lavabo lectum meum, Ps. Th. 6, 5. Hé sægde ðæt ða hálgan triów swíðe wépen and mid micle sáre instyred wæ-acute;ron (uberibus lacrimis commoueri), Nar. 28, 11. Hé ongan wépan hlúttrum teárum. Ðá fræng hine his mæssepreóst for hwon hé weópe coepit ad lacrymarum profusionem effici. Quem dum presbyter suus, quare lacrymaretur interrogasset, Bd. 3, 14; S. 541, 3-5. Hé wæs wépende mid teárum, Blickl. Homl. 151, 20: Andr. Kmbl. 117; An. 59. II. trans. (a) with accusative, to mourn, lament, bewail, deplore, (1) of persons:--Hé weóp his sunu lugens filium suum, Gen. 37, 34. Hit wæs þeáw, ðæt man sceolde wépan æ-acute;lcne deádne mann; and ðæt folc hyne weóp (flevit eum Aegyptus) hundseofontig daga, 50, 3. (Hí) weópan wyrde (prolis) luxerunt fata (parentes, Ald. 176), Wrt. Voc. ii. 94, 5: 51, 34. Ne wép ðone wræcsíð Andr. Kmbl. 2861; An. 1433. Wræcsíð wépan, Exon. Th. 166, 23; Gú. 1047: 443, 30; Kl. 38. Ðæt ðætte óðre menn unáliéfedes dót hé sceal wépan suá suá his ágne scylde illicita perpetrata ab aliis ut propria deplorat, Past. 10; Swt. 61, 15. Ðá hé hine ealle wépende geseah when he saw all mourning him, Blickl. Homl. 225, 22. Wópene lamentatae, Blickl. Gl. (2) of other than human beings:--Ne wæl wépeþ wulf se græ-acute;ga, Exon. Th. 343, 2; Gn. Ex. 151. (b) with gen. to mourn for, be grieved at:--Hwá is swá heardheort ðæt ne mæg wépan swylces ungelimpes? Chr. 1085; Erl. 219, 40. [O. E. Homl. wiep; p.: A. R. weop: Laym. weop, wep: Will, wep, wepte: Chauc. weep, wepte; pp. wopen: Piers P. wept: Goth. wópjan; p. wópida to cry: O. Sax. wópian; p. wióp, wép to mourn: O. L. Ger. wópan; p. wiep: O. Frs. wépa: O. H. Ger. wuofan; p. wiof flere, plorare, plangere, lacrimari, deflere; wuofen; p. uuofta plorare, flere, lugere: Icel. œpa; p. œpta to cry, scream.] v. be-, ge-wépan. wépend-líc; adj. Lamentable, mournful:--Reówlíc and wépendlíc tíd wæs ðæs geáres, ðe swá manig ungelimp wæs forðbringende, Chr. 1086; Erl. 220, 22. Wépendlíce flebiles (and wépendlíc flebilis. v. Wülck. Gl. 240, 16), Wrt. Voc. ii. 149, 41. [O. H. Ger. wuofant-líh luctuosus.] v. be-wépendlíc. wépendlíce; adv. Lamentably, mournfully, grievously:--Wépendlíce tó bewépenne synd flebiliter deplorandi sunt, Scint. 77, 3. wer, es; m. I. a man, a male person:--Wer oððe wæ-acute;pman vir, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 11. Wer wintrum geong (Isaac), Cd. Th. 174, 34; Gen. 2888. Wíffæst wer a married man, L. C. S. 55; Th. i. 406, 14. Se Godes wer Sanctus Martinus, Blickl. Homl. 213, 36. Se eádiga wer, 215, 31. Se weor (wer, Rush.) uir, Lk. Skt. Lind. 8, 38. Woer (wer, W. S., Rush.), 9, 38. Of ðæs weres (viri) handa ic ofgange ðæs mannes (hominis) líf, Gen. 9, 5. On weres háde, Elen. Kmbl. 144; El. 72: Apstls. Kmbl. 53; Ap. 27. Ðæs weres tíd s&c-tilde;i Symforiani, Shrn. 119, 17. Gelíc ðam wísan were (viro), Mt. Kmbl. 7, 24. Ic næ-acute;nigne wer (uirum, Lk. 1, 34) ne ongeat, Blickl. Homl. 7, 21. Wundne wer (cf. gewundodne monn, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 16), Met. 8, 35. Gé Galiléiscan weras uiri Galilei, Blickl. Homl. 123, 20. Niniuetisce weras (wæras viri, Lind.), Mt. Kmbl. 12, 41. Týn hreófe weras (wæras, Lind.: wearas, Rush. uiri), Lk. Skt. 17, 12. Fíftig rihtwísra wera quinquaginta justos, Gen. 18, 26. Wælræ-acute;s weora, Beo. Th. 5886; B. 2947. Fíf ðúsendo wæro &l-bar; wærana (weorona, Rush., uirorum), Mk. Skt. Lind. 6, 44. Ymbseted mid syxtigum werum ðæ-acute;m strengestum ðe on Israhélum wæ-acute;ron, Blickl. Homl. 11, 17. Hálige weoras viros sanctos, Bd. 5, 10; S. 623, 41. I a. in conjunction with words denoting a woman:--Óðer wæs idese onlícines, óþer on weres wæstmum, Beo. Th. 2708; B. 1352. Ðeós bið gecíged fæ-acute;mne, for ðam ðe heó ys of were genumen haec vocabitur virago, quoniam de viro sumpta est, Gen. 2, 23. Gif wíf be óðrum were forlicge, L. C. S. 54; Th. i. 406, 6. Gif oxa ofhníte wer oþþe wíf (virum aut mulierem), L. Alf. 21; Th. i. 48, 27: Exon. Th. 225, 24; Ph. 394. Weras mid wífum, Cd. Th. 104, 20; Gen. 1738. Weras, wíf samod, Andr. Kmbl. 3330; An. 1668. Weras and wíf, Exon. Th. 448, 26; Dóm. 60. Weras and idesa, 176, 7; Gú. 1205. Eall wífa cynn and wera, Blickl. Homl. 5, 24: Beo. Th. 1990; B. 993. Twá hund and eahta and feówertig wera, and nigon and feówertig wífa, Blickl. Homl. 239, 14. Bletsung gemæ-acute;ne werum and wífum, Exon. Th. 7, 14; Cri. 101. Ge weras ge wíf, Blickl. Homl. 107, 11. ¶ in the plural the word seems sometimes to include women as well as men:--Hé wolde for wera synnum eall áæ-acute;ðan, Cd. Th. 77, 23; Gen. 1279. Folcdryht wera, sáwla gehwylce, Exon. Th. 66, 5; Cri. 1067. Wera endestæf (cf. Blickl. Homl. 239, 14 supra), Andr. Kmbl. 270; An. 135. Heofones gim, wyncondel wera, Exon. Th. 174, 31; Gú. 1186. In wera lífe, 26, 13; Cri. 416. Wera cneórissum, 347, 4; Sch. 7. Ðú ne wilnast weora æ-acute;niges deáð, Ps. C. 54. Feówertig daga níð wæs wællgrim werum, Cd. Th. 83, 23; Gen. 1384: 109, 1; Gen. 1816. Lencten on tún geliden hæfde werum tó wícum, Menol. Fox 58; Men. 29. Næs ðæ-acute;r hláfes wist werum, Andr. Kmbl. 43; An. 22. Fæ-acute;hðe ic wille on weras stæ-acute;lan, eall ácwellan ða beútan beóð earce bordum, Cd. Th. 81, 28; Gen. 1352. II. a man, a male that has reached man's estate:--Ðá áworden ic am uoer ic giídlade ða ðe uoeron lytles quando factus sum vir, evacuavi quae erant parvuli, Rtl. 6, 19. Fíf þúsenda wera (wearana, Lind.: weora, Rush., virorum) bútan wífum and cildum, Mt. Kmbl. 14, 21. Ic mægen wera (virorum) eom, and litlincgas nellaþ forbígean mé, Coll. Monast. Th. 29, 1. Weras and wífmen and ða wépendan cild, Jos. 6, 21. III. a being in the form of a man:--Grendel, wonsæ-acute;lig wer (cf. 2708; B. 1352 supra), Beo. Th. 210; B. 105. Twégen weras (wæras, Lind.: wearas, Rush., uiri) Móysés and Hélias, Lk. Skt. 9, 30. Abraham geseah þrí weras standende him gehende, Gen. 18, 2. IV. a married or a betrothed man, a man (as in man and wife), a husband, v. wer-leás:--Swá micel swá ðæs wífes wer (maritus mulieris) girnþ, Ex. 21, 22. Hereríc hire wer (vir ejus), Bd. 4, 23; S. 594, 44. Be ðon ðe ryhtgesamhíwan bearn hæbben, and ðonne se wer gewíte, L. In. 38; Th. i. 126, 2. Wer and wíf beóð in ánum líchoman, Bd. 1, 27; S. 491, 13: Exon. Th. 327, 11; Vy. 2: Blickl. Homl. 185, 26. Ðæt hé hý healdan wille swá wær his wíf sceal, L. Edm. B. 1; Th. i. 254, 7. Iósep hyre wer (vir), Mt. Kmbl. 1, 19. Wearð seó módor gegremod æfter hire weres forðsíðe fram hire cilde, Homl. Th. ii. 30, 4. Geong wuduwe mót eft ceorlian æfter hire weres forðsíðe, L. Ælfc. P. 43; Th. ii. 382, 32. Heó leofode mid hyre were seofan gér of hyre fæ-acute;mnháde, Lk. Skt. 2, 36: Cd. Th. 134, 1; Gen. 2218. Gif mon hæ-acute;me mid monnes wífe, gebéte ðam were, L. Alf. pol. 10; Th. i. 68, 9: Exon. Th. 153, 6; Gú. 821. Gif wuduwe binnan geáres fæce wer geceóse, L. C. S. 74; Th. i. 416, 8. Wær, L. Edm. B. 4; Th. i. 254, 16. Iósep, Marian wer (wær, Rush., virum), Mt. Kmbl. 1, 16. Hié noldan heora wera ræstgemánan sécean, Blickl. Homl. 173, 16. Heora wíf him sæ-acute;don, ðæt hié him woldon óðerra wera ceósan (sobolem se a finitimis quaesituras), Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 44, 22. Wíf ic læ-acute;rde ðæt hié heora weras lufedan, Blickl. Homl. 185, 23. V. a male, (1) of human beings:--Wer and wíf hé gesceóp hí masculum et feminam creavit eos, Gen. 5, 2. (2) of plants:--Ys ðeós wyrt twégea cynna, ðæt is wer (wær, v. l.) and wíf, Lchdm. i. 204, 9. Ðeós wyrt is twéga cynna, óðer ys wíf, óðer wer, 252, 20. V a. in grammar, masculine gender:--Participia belimpaþ tó þrým cynnum, tó were and tó wífe and tó náðrum cynne, Ælfc. Gr. 39; Zup. 243, 19. [Orm. O. and N. Gen. and Ex. were: Laym. were (dat.): Goth. wair: O. Sax. O. Frs. O. H. Ger. wer: Icel. verr: Lat. vir.] v. dryht-, folc-, húsel-, leód-, riht-wer. wer and were, es; m. [The word seems to be interchangeable with wer-gild (q. v.), e. g.:--Gif hé geþeó ðæt hé hæbbe híwisc landes . . . þonne bið his wergild .cxx. sci&l-bar;&l-bar;.; and gif hé ne geþeó búton tó healfre híde, þonne sí his wer (were, v. l.) .lxxx. sci&l-bar;&l-bar;., L. Wg. 7; Th. i. 186, 14. Wergildes (v. l. weres) . . . Se wer, 1; Th. i. 186, 3, 4. Bið cynges ánfeald wergild .vi. þegna wer (wergyld, v. l.), L. M. L.; Th. i. 190, 4.] The price set upon a man according to his degree:--Be fullan were, sý swá boren swá hé sý, L. Edm. S. 1; Th. i. 248, 4. Twelfhyndes mannes wer is twelf hund scyllinga. Twyhyndes mannes wer is twá hund sci&l-bar;&l-bar;. . . . Eal man sceal æt cyrliscum were be ðære mæ-acute;ðe dón ðe him tó gebyreþ, swá wé be twelfhyndum tealdan, L. E. G. 13; Th. i. 174, 13-14, 176, 3. Gif wylisc mon hæbbe híde londes, his wer bið. cxx. sci&l-bar;&l-bar;.; gif hé hæbbe healfe, .lxxx. sci&l-bar;&l-bar;.; gif hé næ-acute;nig hæbbe, .lx. scillinga, L. In. 32; Th. i. 122, 9 (cf. Wealh, gif hé hafaþ fíf hýda, hé bið syxhynde, 24; Th. i. 118, 10. Wealh gafolgelda, .cxx. sci&l-bar;&l-bar;.; his sunu, .c.; ðeówne, .lx.; somhwelcne, fíftegum, 22; Th. i. 118, 3). I. when a person was wrongfully (for other cases v. æ-acute;-gilde) slain, the wer of the slain man could be claimed from the slayer (cf. wergild, I), who was bound to furnish security for the payment, and the date for the first instalment of such payment was fixed. According to a law of Cnut the slain man must have been in a hundred and in a tithing to make the claim for the wer valid:--Gif man ofslægen weorðe, gylde hine man swá hé geboren sý. And riht is ðæt se slaga, siþþan hé weres beweddod hæbbe, finde ðæ-acute;rtó wærborh . . . be ðam ðe ðæ-acute;rto gebyrige; ðæt is æt twelfhyndum were gebyriaþ twelf men tó werborge, .viii. fæderemmæ-acute;gðe, and .iiii. médrenmæ-acute;gðe. Ðonne ðæt gedón sý, ðonne ræ-acute;re man cyninges munde. (Then at intervals of twenty-one days healsfang, manbót, fyhtwíte respectively were to be paid.) Ðæs (the payment of fyhtwíte) on .xxi. nihtan ðæs weres ðæt frumgyld, and swá forð ðæt forgolden sý on ðam fyrste ðe witan geræ-acute;den, L. E. G. 13; Th. i. 174, 15-29. Be fæ-acute;hðe. Æ-acute;rest æfter folcrihte slaga sceal his forspecan on hand syllan, and se forspeca mágum, ðæt se slaga wille bétan wið mæ-acute;gðe. Ðonne syþþan gebyreþ ðæt man sylle ðæs slagan forspecan on hand, ðæt se slaga móte mid griðe nýr and sylf wæres weddian. (The proceedings are then as in the preceding extract, with the exception that fyhtwíte is not mentioned; so that the first payment of wer is made twenty-one days earlier), L. Edm. S. 7; Th. i. 250, 12-21. Wé wyllaþ ðæt æ-acute;lc freó man beó on hundrede and on teóðunge gebróht ðe láde wyrðe beón wylle oþþe weres wyrðe, gif hine hwá áfylle ofer .xii. wintre, L. C. S. 20; Th. i. 386, 21. Be swá ofslægenes monnes were. Gif mon ðæs ofslægenan weres bidde, L. In. 21; Th. i. 116, 3-4. Gif mon twyhyndne mon unsynnigne mid hlóðe ofsleá, gielde se ðæs sleges andetta sié wer . . . Gif hit sié syxhynde . . . se slaga wer . . . Gif hé sié twelfhynde . . . se slaga wer . . . Gif hlóð ðis gedó . . . ealle forgielden ðone wer gemæ-acute;mum