§§ 19-23] Alphabet and Pronunciation 11 like the NHG. ch in nacht, ntghí, as hláifs, loaf; nahts, night; falh, I hid; jah, and. § 19. hi was either a labialized h or else a voiceless w. It may be pronounced like the wh in the Scotch pronunciation of when, as tueila, time; híōpan, to boast; atua. river; saíhran, to see; sahr, he saw; nēh/ (av.), near. Cp. notes to § 2. § 20. j (that is i in the function of a consonant) had nearly the same sound-value as English y in yet. It only occurs initially and medially, as jēr,year; juggs, young; juk, yoke; lagjan, to lay; nlujis, new; fljands, fiend, enemy. § 21. k had the same sound as English k, except that it must be pronounced initially before consonants (1, n, r). It occurs initially, medially, and finally, as kaúrn, corn; kniu, knee; akrs, field; brikan, to break; ik, /; juk, yoke. § 22. 1, m, η had the same sound-values as in English. They all occur initially, medially, and finally, in the function of consonants. 1. laggs, long; lálsjan, to teach; hails, hale, whole; haldan, to hold; skal, / shall; mēl, time. m. mēna, moon; mizdō, meed, reward; namō, name; niman, to take ; nam, he took; nimam, we take. n. nahts, night; niun, nine; mēna, moon; rinnan, to run; láun, reward; kann, / know. In the function of vowels they do not occur in stem-syllables, as fugls, fowl, bird; tagl, hair; sigljō, seal; máiþms, gift; bagms, tree, beam; ibns, even; táikns, token. See § 169. § 28. ρ had the same sound as English ρ in put. It occurs initially (in loan-words only), medially, and finally, as pund,pound; páida, coat; plinsjan, to dance; slēpan, to sleep; diups, deep; hilpan, to help; saíslēp, he slept; skip, ship.