1 8 Phonology [§§ 38-42 I bear, O.Icel. bera, OS. OHG. OE. beran, to bear; Lat. eđō, Gr. ϊδομαι, Skr. áđmi, / eat, O.Icel. eta, OHG. e%%an, OS. OE. etan, to eat; Lat. pellis, Gr. πέλλα, OS. OHG. fel, OE. fell, S&», hide. § 38. i (Lat. i, Gr. ι) remained, as Gr. Horn. fífy»·, Skr. vidmá, Goth, witum, O.Icel. vitum, OS. witun, OHG. wi%%um, OE. witon, we know, cp. Lat. vidēre, to see ; Lat. piscis, Goth, fisks, O.Icel. fiskr, OS. fisk, OHG. OE. &sc,físh; Lat. vidua (adj. fern.), bereft of, deprived of, Goth, wiđuwō, OS. wiđowa, OHG. wituwa, OE. wiđewe, widow. § 89. ο (Lat. o, Gr. o) became a in stem-syllables, as Lat. octō, Gr. 6κτώ, Goth, ahtáu, OS. OHG. ahto, OE. eahta, eight; Lat. hostis, stranger, enemy, Goth, gasts, OS. OHG. gast, OE. giest, guest; Lat. quod, Goth, hja, O.Icel. hvat, OS. hwat, OHG. hwa%, OE. hwæt, what; Skr. kás, who ? NOTE. — o remained later in unaccented syllables in prim. Germanic than in accented syllables, but became a in Gothic, as balram = Gr. Doric φέρομε?, we bear; baírand = Dor. φέροπ-ι, bear.
			§ 40. u (Lat. U, Gr. u) remained, as Gr. KUTOS (gen. sing.), Goth, hunđs, O.Icel. hunđr, OHG. hunt, OS. OE. hunđ, dog, hound; Gr. θύρα, OS. đuri, OHG. turi, OE. duru, door; Skr. bu-buđhimá, we watched, Gr. πέ-πυσται, he has inquired, Goth, budum, O.Icel. buSum, OS. budun, OHG. butum, OE. buđon, we announced, offered. §41. a became a in all the Indo-Germanic languages, except in the Aryan branch, where it became i, as Lat. pater, Gr. πατήρ, O.Ir. athir, Goth, fadar, O.Icel. faðir, OS. fader, OHG. fater, OE. fæder, father, Skr. pitár-from *patár·), father; Lat, status, Gr. στατό?, Skr. sthitás, standing, Goth, staþs, O.Icel. staðr, OS. stad, OHG. stat, OE. stede, prim. Germanic *stađiz, place. § 42. a (Lat. a, Gr. Doric ō, Attic. Ionic η) became 5, as