46 Phonology [§122 But although the series of vowels is seen most clearly in the stem-forms of strong verbs, the learner must not assume that ablaut occurs in strong verbs only. Every syllable of every word of whatever part of speech contains some form of ablaut. E.g. the sonantal elements in the following stem-syllables stand in ablaut relation to each other :—un-weis, unknowing, ignorant: witan, to know ; *leisan [láis (§ 333), / know], to know: láisareis, teacher: lists, cunning, wile. liufs, dear: ga-láubjan, to believe: lubō, love; siuks, sick, ill: sauhts, sickness; ana-biudan, to command: ana-busns, command; fra-liusan, to lose : fra-lusts, loss. binđan, to bind: bandi, band, bond: ga-bundi, bond; rinnan, to run: rannjan (wv.), to let run : runs, a running, tssue; þaírsan, to be withered: þaúrsnan, to become withered: þaúrsus, withered. baíran, to bear: barn, child: bērusjōs, parents: baúr, son; qiman, to come: ga-qumþs, a coming together, assembly; man, / think: muns, thought; ga-taíran, to tear in pieces: ga-taúra, a tear, rent; qinō, woman: qēns, wife, woman, mitan, to measure: us-mēt, manner of life, commonwealth ; giban, to give: gabei, wealth. batiza, better: bōta, advantage; saþs, full: ga-sōþjan, to fill, satisfy; dags, day: ahtáu-dōgs (aj.), eight days old; fraþjan, to understand: frōdei, understanding; graban, to dig: grōba, ditch, hole. mana-sēþs, mankind, world, lit. man-seed: saian,to sow; ga-đēþs, deed: dōms, judgment, cp. Gr. τί-θημ,ι, / place, put: Θωμ.ά9, heap; waian, to blow: wōds, raging, mad. Examples of ablaut relation in other than stem-syllables are:— Nom. pi. anstei-s,yā.yowrs : gen. sing, anstál-s: ace. pi. ansti-ns ; nom. pi. sunju-s (original form *suneu-es, § 88), sons: gen. sing, sunáu-s: ace. pi. sunu-ns; fulgi-ns (aj.),