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§§ I44-⁶] Other Consonant Changes 69

OE. slēan, from *sleahan, older *slaxan-, Goth, slahan, to strike, slay; OE. swēor, from *sweohur, older *swexur, OHG. swehur, father-in-law.

Medial and final xw became χ in O.Icel. and the West Germanic languages, as OS. OHG. sehan, OE. sēon, O.Icel. sjā, from *sex(w)an-, beside Goth, saíhian, io see; OS. OHG. līhan, OE. lion, lēon, O.Icel. Ijā, from

*lī_x(w)an-, beside Goth, leihrnn, to lend; OS. OHG. aha, OE. ēa from *eahu, beside Goth, ahra, water, river; OE. seah, OS. OHG. sah, beside Goth, salv, he saw; OE. nēah, OS. OHG. nāh, beside Goth, nēhr, near,

§ 144. The consonants, which arose from the Indg. final explosives (t, d), were dropped in prim. Germanic, except after a short accented vowel, as OE. OHG. bere, Goth. baírái, from an original form *bheroīt, he may bear. See § 87, (2).

§ 145. Original final -m became -n, and then it, as also Indg. final -n, disappeared after short vowels in dissyllabic and polysyllabic words during the prim. Germanic period. For examples, see § 87, (i).

§ 146. w disappeared before u, as Goth, kaúrus, from

*k(w)uraz = Gr. βαρύ?, heavy, prim, form *gr-rús; OE. nacod, older *nakuđ, OHG. nackut, from *nak(w)uđ-, beside Goth, naqabs, naked; OE. O.Icel. sund,a swimming, from 'swumda-, cp. OE. swimman, O.Icel. svimma, to swim; pp. OE. cumen, OHG. koman (beside quoman, a new formation), O.Icel. komenn, OHG. inf. queman, to come; OE. swingan, to swing, beside pp. s(w)ungen; O.Icel. svimma, to swim, beside pp. summenn. In verbal forms the w was mostly re-introduced in the pret. pi. and pp. after the analogy of forms which regularly had w, e. g. Goth, swultum, swultans, for 'sultum, *sultans, through the influence of forms like inf. swiltan, to die, pret. sing, swalt; similarly qumum, qumans, for *kumum, *kumans, inf. qiman, to come. For levelling out in the opposite



		§§ I44-⁶] Other Consonant Changes 69 OE. slēan, from sleahan, older slaxan-, Goth, slahan, to strike, slay; OE. swēor, from sweohur, older swexur, OHG. swehur, father-in-law. Medial and final xw became χ in O.Icel. and the West Germanic languages, as OS. OHG. sehan, OE. sēon, O.Icel. sjā, from sex(w)an-, beside Goth, saíhian, io see;* OS. OHG. līhan, OE. lion, lēon, O.Icel. Ijā, from lī_x(w)an-, beside Goth, leihrnn, to lend;* OS. OHG. aha, OE. ēa from eahu, beside Goth, ahra, water, river;* OE. seah, OS. OHG. sah, beside Goth, salv, he saw; OE. nēah, OS. OHG. nāh, beside Goth, nēhr, near, § 144. The consonants, which arose from the Indg. final explosives (t, d), were dropped in prim. Germanic, except after a short accented vowel, as OE. OHG. bere, Goth. baírái, from an original form bheroīt, he may bear.* See § 87, (2). § 145. Original final -m became -n, and then it, as also Indg. final -n, disappeared after short vowels in dissyllabic and polysyllabic words during the prim. Germanic period. For examples, see § 87, (i). § 146. w disappeared before u, as Goth, kaúrus, from k(w)uraz = Gr. βαρύ?, heavy,* prim, form gr-rús; OE. nacod, older nakuđ, OHG. nackut, from nak(w)uđ-, beside Goth, naqabs, naked;* OE. O.Icel. sund,a swimming, from 'swumda-, cp. OE. swimman, O.Icel. svimma, to swim; pp. OE. cumen, OHG. koman (beside quoman, a new formation), O.Icel. komenn, OHG. inf. queman, to come; OE. swingan, to swing, beside pp. s(w)ungen; O.Icel. svimma, to swim, beside pp. summenn. In verbal forms the w was mostly re-introduced in the pret. pi. and pp. after the analogy of forms which regularly had w, e. g. Goth, swultum, swultans, for 'sultum, sultans, through the influence of forms like inf. swiltan, to die,* pret. sing, swalt; similarly qumum, qumans, for kumum, kumans, inf. qiman, to come. For levelling out in the opposite