g_ - 0087.htm

§§ 162-3] Gutturals 77

t»b after r and I, as arbi, heritage; swaírban, to ο^«; swarb, he wiped ι silba, se//; kalbō, calf; salbōn, to anoint.

b>f after vowels both finally and before final -s. Hence the frequent interchange between Β (written b in Gothic) and f in inflexion, as giban, to give, pret. sing, gaf; sweiban, to cease, pret, sing, swáif; bi-leiban, to remain, pret. sing, bi-láif; gen. hláibis, nom. sing, hláifs, ace. hláif, loaf, bread, cp. on the other hand swaírban, to wipe, pret. swarb,

NOTE.—In occasional forms like grōb beside grōf, he dug;

hláib beside hláif, the b had been transferred from forms
where it was regular.

Medial b (written b) remained unchanged after vowels, as haban, to have; liban, to live; sibun, seven; ga-láubjan, to believe; ibns, even. See § 188.

GUTTURALS.
k

§ 162, Germanic k remained in Gothic, as kunl, O.Icel. kyn, OS. OHG. kunni, OE. cynn, race, generation · juk, O.Icel. ok, OE. geoc, OHG. job, yoke; and similarly kalds, cold; kinnus, cheek; kniu, knee; akrs, field; áukan, to increase; skalks, servant; sōkjan, to seek; ik,/.

§ 163. kw (OE. cw, OS. OHG. qu, O.Icel. kv) became a labialized k which had the same sound-value as Lat. qu, i.e. it was a simple sound, and not a compound one composed of the elements k + w; hence Ulfilas expressed it in his alphabet by a single letter u. In modern philological works the sound in question is transcribed by q. Examples are:—qēns, O.Icel. kvān, OE. cwēn, OS. quān, wife,



		§§ 162-3] Gutturals 77 t»b after r and I, as arbi, heritage; swaírban, to ο^«; swarb, he wiped ι silba, se//; kalbō, calf; salbōn, to anoint. b>f after vowels both finally and before final -s. Hence the frequent interchange between Β (written b in Gothic) and f in inflexion, as giban, to give, pret. sing, gaf; sweiban, to cease, pret, sing, swáif; bi-leiban, to remain, pret. sing, bi-láif; gen. hláibis, nom. sing, hláifs, ace. hláif, loaf, bread, cp. on the other hand swaírban, to wipe, pret. swarb, NOTE.—In occasional forms like grōb beside grōf, *he dug;* hláib beside hláif, the b had been transferred from forms where it was regular. Medial b (written b) remained unchanged after vowels, as haban, to have; liban, to live; sibun, seven; ga-láubjan, to believe; ibns, even. See § 188. GUTTURALS. k § 162, Germanic k remained in Gothic, as kunl, O.Icel. kyn, OS. OHG. kunni, OE. cynn, race, generation · juk, O.Icel. ok, OE. geoc, OHG. job, yoke; and similarly kalds, cold; kinnus, cheek; kniu, knee; akrs, field; áukan, to increase; skalks, servant; sōkjan, to seek; ik,/. kw § 163. kw (OE. cw, OS. OHG. qu, O.Icel. kv) became a labialized k which had the same sound-value as Lat. qu, i.e. it was a simple sound, and not a compound one composed of the elements k + w; hence Ulfilas expressed it in his alphabet by a single letter u. In modern philological works the sound in question is transcribed by q. Examples are:—qēns, O.Icel. kvān, OE. cwēn, OS. quān, wife,