162 Accidence [§§ 334-6 § 334. II. Ablaut-series. dáug, it is good for, profits. The only form extant. § 335. III. Ablaut-series. kann, / know, 2 sing, kant (kannt), ι pi. kunnum, pret. indie, kunþa, pret. subj. kunþēđjáu, infin. kunnan, pres. part, kunnands, pp. kunþs. NOTE.—The pret. and pp. of this verb presents difficulties in all the Germanic languages. The pp. kunbs, O.Icel, kūþr (kunnr), OE. cub, OS. kūb, O.Fris. kūth, OHG. kunđ (§ 127, Table I), all go back to prim. Germanic *kúnbaz, Indg. "gntos (with vocalic n). The regular prim. Germanic form would have been *kunđás, but the separate languages show that the accent must have been shifted from the ending to the stem some time prior to the operation of Verner's law, and that then a preterite was formed direct from the base kunb- + the endings -on, (-æn), -æs, -æ, &c. (§ 315), whence Goth, kunjm, O.Icel. kunna from older *kunþa, OE. cube, OHG. konda. See § 34O þarf, / need, 2 sing, þarft, ι pi. þaurbum, subj. þaúr-bjáu, pret. indie, þaúrfta, infin. *þaúrban, pres. part, taúrbanđs, pp. þaúrfts, necessary. ga-dars, / dare, ι pi. ga-daúrsum, subj. ga-daúrsjáu, pret. indie, ga-daúr§ta, infin. ga-daúrsan. § 336. IV. Ablaut-series. skal, / shall, owe, 2 sing, skalt, ι pi. skulum, subj. skul-jáu, pret. indie, skulda, pret. subj. skulđēdjáu, infin. *skulan, pres. part, skulands, pp. skulds, owing, lawful. man, / think, τ pi. munum, subj. munjáu, pret. indie, munda, infin. munan, pres. part, munands, pp. munds. bi-nah, it is permitted or lawful; ga-nah, it suffices, pp. bi-naúhts, sufficient, infin. *-naúhan. Other forms are wanting.