g_ - 0178.htm

§§ 345-⁸] Adverbs 167

time; ūhteigō, in season. The same ending also occurs in aftarō, behind; aúftō, perhaps, surely; missō, one another; sundrō, asunder; ufarō, above; undarō, beneath · simlē, once.

§ 345. The comparative degree of adverbs generally ends in -is, 5s (see § 243), as áiris, earlier; faurþis, beforehand; framis, further; haldis, rather ; háuliis, higher; máis, more; nēluis, nearer; mins from *minniz, less; waírs from *wirsiz, worse; aljaleikōs, otherwise; sniu-mundōs, with more haste.

Of the superlative degree two examples only are extant: frumist,/rs/o/«//; ináist, at most.

§ 346. The gen, case is sometimes used adverbially, as allis, in general, wholly; and-waírþis, over against; nahts, at night; raíhtis» however, indeed.

§ 347. Adverbs of time are expressed either by simple adverbs, as air, early; h/an, when; ju, already ; nu, now; þan, then ; or by the oblique cases of nouns and pronouns, as himma daga, to-day; gistra-dagis, du maúrgina, tomorrow; đagis hxizuh. day by day; ni áiw, never; fram himma nu, henceforth.

§ 348. Adverbs of place denoting rest in a place have the ending -r or -a (cp, the -r in Lat. cur, why, Lith. kuf, where. The -a is originally an instrumental ending), as aljar, elsewhere; her, here; h/ar, where ; jáinar, yonder ; bar, there; afta, behind; faúra, before; inna, w ithin ; iupa, above; ūta, without; dalaþa, belotv.

Those denoting motion to a place have either no suffix or one of the suffixes -þ (-d), -drē. The -þ (-d) goes back to an Indg. particle *-íe, denoting motion to a place, and is also preserved in Greek in words likeπ<!·σe from *πό-τε, whither; όλλο-σε, elsewhither, -drē represents an original ablative ending *-trēd. Examples are : aljaþ, in another direction; đalaþ,down ; ruaþ,hradrē,whither; jaind,jaindrē, thither; samaþ, to the same place; hidrē, hither.



		§§ 345-⁸] Adverbs 167 time; ūhteigō, in season. The same ending also occurs in aftarō, behind; aúftō, perhaps, surely; missō, one another; sundrō, asunder; ufarō, above; undarō, beneath · simlē, once. § 345. The comparative degree of adverbs generally ends in -is, 5s (see § 243), as áiris, earlier; faurþis, beforehand; framis, further; haldis, rather ; háuliis, higher; máis, more; nēluis, nearer; mins from minniz, less;* waírs from wirsiz, worse;* aljaleikōs, otherwise; sniu-mundōs, with more haste. Of the superlative degree two examples only are extant: frumist,/rs/o/«//; ináist, at most. § 346. The gen, case is sometimes used adverbially, as allis, in general, wholly; and-waírþis, over against; nahts, at night; raíhtis» however, indeed. § 347. Adverbs of time are expressed either by simple adverbs, as air, early; h/an, when; ju, already ; nu, now; þan, then ; or by the oblique cases of nouns and pronouns, as himma daga, to-day; gistra-dagis, du maúrgina, tomorrow; đagis hxizuh. day by day; ni áiw, never; fram himma nu, henceforth. § 348. Adverbs of place denoting rest in a place have the ending -r or -a (cp, the -r in Lat. cur, why, Lith. kuf, where. The -a is originally an instrumental ending), as aljar, elsewhere; her, here; h/ar, where ; jáinar, yonder ; bar, there; afta, behind; faúra, before; inna, w ithin ; iupa, above; ūta, without; dalaþa, belotv. Those denoting motion to a place have either no suffix or one of the suffixes -þ (-d), -drē. The -þ (-d) goes back to an Indg. particle -íe, denoting motion to a place,* and is also preserved in Greek in words likeπ<!·σe from πό-τε, whither;* όλλο-σε, elsewhither, -drē represents an original ablative ending -trēd. Examples are : aljaþ, in another direction;* đalaþ,down ; ruaþ,hradrē,whither; jaind,jaindrē, thither; samaþ, to the same place; hidrē, hither.