This is page 8 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)
This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.
Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.
This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.
The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.
8 A-DWÍNAN -- ÆCER.
mancyn fram heora Drihtene they would seduce mankind from their Lord, L. Ælf. P. 29; Th. ii. 374, 31.
a-dwínan; ic -dwíne, -dwínest, -dwínst, he -dwíneþ, -dwínþ, pl. -dwínaþ; p. -dwán, pl. -dwinon; pp. -dwinen To dwindle or vanish away; vanescere. v. dwínan.
a-dýdan, -dýddan; p. -dýdde; pp. -dýded, -dýd; v. a. [a, dýdan to die] To put to death, to destroy, kill, mortify; perdere, occidere :-- Wolde híg adýddan would destroy them, Ælfc. T. 22, 19. Ðæt ic náteshwon nelle heonon forþ eall flæ-acute;sc adýdan mid flódes wæterum that I will not, by any means, henceforth destroy all flesh with the waters of a flood, Gen. 9, 11. Æ-acute;lc þing ðe líf hæfde wearþ adýd everything which had life was destroyed, Gen. 7, 23.
a-dydest, hast banished; expulisti, Ps. Lamb. 59, 12; p. of a-dón.
a-dylegian; pres. ic -dylegige; p. ode; pp. od To destroy; delere :-- Ic adylegige deleo; ic adylegode [adeligode Som.] delevi; adylegod deletum, of ðam is gecweden letum [ = lethum death; Grk. GREEK oblivio] deáþ, ðe adylegaþ líf I destroy; I destroyed; destroyed, deletum, from which is derived [called] letum death, which destroyeth life, Ælfc. Gr. 26; Som. 28, 32, 33. v. a-dilegian, dilgian.
a-dylf effodit, Ps. Th. 7, 15, = a-dealf; p. of a-delfan, q. v.
Æ. The short or unaccented Anglo-Saxon æ has a sound like ai in main and fairy, as appears from these cognate words :-- Wæl wail, brædan to braid, nægel a nail, dæg, spær, læt, snæce, mæst, æsp, bær, etc. 2. The short or unaccented æ stands only (1) before a single consonant; as Stæf, hwæl, dæg: (2) a single consonant followed by e in nouns; Stæfes, stæfe, hwæles, dæges, wæter, fæder, æcer: (3) or before st, sc, fn, ft; Gæst, æsc, hræfn, cræft: (4) before pp, bb, tt, cc, ss; Æppel, cræbba, hæbben, fætte, fættes, wræcca, næsse: (5) before double consonants, arising from the inflection of monosyllabic adjectives :-- Lætne, lætre, lætra, from læt late; hwætne, hwætre, hwætra from hwæt quick. 3. In the declension of monosyllabic nouns and adjectives, e is rejected from the short or unaccented æ, and becomes a, when a single consonant, or st, sc, is followed by a, o, u in nouns, and by a, o, u, e in adjectives; as Stæf, pl. stafas, g. stafa, d. stafum; hwæl, pl. hwalas; dæg, pl. dagas. adj. Læt late; g. m. n. lates; d. latum; se lata the late; latost, latemest, latest: Smæl small; g. m. n. smales; d. smalum; se smala the small, etc. See short a in B. 3, p. 1, col. 1. 4. æ-, prefixed to words, like a-, often denotes A negative, deteriorating or opposite signification, as From, away, out, without, etc. Like a, ge, etc. æ is sometimes prefixed to perfect tenses and perfect participles and other words without any perceptible alteration in the sense; as Céled, æ-céled cooled. 5. The Anglo-Saxon Rune for æ is RUNE, which is also put for æsc an ash-tree, the name of the letter. v. æsc.
B. The long or accented æ-acute; has the sound of ea in meat, sea. The æ-acute; is found in the following words, which are represented by English terms of the same signification, having ea sounded as in deal, fear; Dæ-acute;l, fæ-acute;r, dræ-acute;d, læ-acute;dan, bræ-acute;do, hæ-acute;to, hwæ-acute;te, hæ-acute;þ, hæ-acute;ðen, clæ-acute;ne, læ-acute;ne, sæ-acute;, æ-acute;r, hæ-acute;lan, læ-acute;ran, tæ-acute;can, tæ-acute;san, tæ-acute;sel, wæ-acute;pen, etc. 2. The æ-acute; is known to be long, and therefore accented, when in monosyllables, assuming another syllable in declining, æ-acute; is found before a single consonant or st, sc, and followed in nouns by a, o, u, and in adjectives by a, o, u, or e; as Blæ-acute;da fruits; blæ-acute;dum: Dwæ-acute;s dull; g. m. dwæ-acute;ses. The æ-acute; is often changed into á; as Stæ-acute;nen stony, stán a stone; læ-acute;r, lár lore.
Æ-acute;; indecl. f. Law, statute, custom, rite, marriage; lex, statutum, ceremoniæ, ritus, matrimonium :-- God him sette æ-acute; ðæt ys open lagu God gave them a statute that is a plain law, Ælfc. T. 10, 20. Æ-acute; Drihtnes the law of the Lord, Ps. Spl. 18, 8: Mt. Bos. 26, 28. God is wísdóm and æ-acute; woruldbúendra God is the wisdom and law of the inhabitants of the world, Bt. Met. Fox 29, 165; Met. 29, 83. Cristes æ-acute; the Gospel. Bútan æ-acute; oððe útlaga an outlaw, Ælfc. Gr. 47; Som. 48, 44. Seó æftere æ-acute; Deuteronomy, Bd. 1, 27. Húslfatu hálegu ða æ-acute;r Israela in æ-acute; hæfdon the holy vessels which the Israelites formerly used in their rites, Cd. 212; Th. 262, 29; Dan. 751. Wircaþ his bebodu and his æ-acute; and his dómas observa præcepta ejus et ceremonias atque judicia, Deut. 11, 1. Stýrde unryhtre æ-acute; he reproved the unlawful marriage, Exon. 70a; Th. 260, 14; Jul. 297. [O. Sax. éo, m: O. Frs. á, é, éwe, éwa, f: Ger. ehe, f. matrimonium: M. H. Ger. éwe, é, f; O. H. Ger. éwa, éha, éa, f: Sansk. eva, m. course, manner.]
æ-acute;; indecl. f. Life; vita :-- Ðæt hí ne meahtan acwellan cnyhta æ-acute; that they might not destroy the young men's lives, Exon. 55a; Th. 195, 32; Az. 164.
æ-acute;; indecl. f. A river, stream; rivus, torrens :-- On ðære æ-acute; ðú hý drencst thou shalt give them to drink of the stream; torrente potabis eos, Ps. Th. 35, 8. v. eá.
æ-acute; alas! Æ-acute;, Hy. 1, 1. = eá, Lamb, MS. fol. 183b, line 11. v. æ-acute;lá, æálá, eálá.
æálá; interj. O! alas! O, eheu :-- Æálá ðú Scippend O! thou Creator, Bt. Met. Fox 4, 1; Met. 4, 1. v. eálá, æ-acute;lá.
a-eargian; p. ode, ade; pp. od [a, eargian torpescere] To become slothful; segnis fieri :-- Hý ondrédan, gif hí hwílum ne ILLEGIBLE, ðæt hý tó raðe a-eargadon they dreaded, if they did not sometimes wage war, that they should too soon become slothful, Ors. 4, 13; Bos. 100, 20.
æ-acute;-bær notorious, L. Eth. vi. 36; Th. i. 324, 11. v. æ-acute;-ber.
Æbban dún, Abban dún, e; f. [Æbba, an; m: or Æbbe, an; f: dún a down or hill; Æbba's or Æbbe's down or hill] ABINGDON; Abindoniæ oppidum in agro Berceriensi :-- His líc líþ on ðam mynstre æt Abban dúne his body lies in the monastery at Abingdon, Chr. 981; Th. 234, 34, col. 1.
a-ebbian; p. a-ebbode; pp. a-ebbad, ge-ebbod; v. intrans. To ebb away, recede; recedere :-- Ðæt wæter wæs a-ebbad [a-ebbod MS. C. T; ge-ebbod Cant.] feala furlanga from ðám scipum the water had ebbed many furlongs from the ships, Chr. 897; Ing. 123, 19. v. ebbian.
æbbung, e; f. An EBBING; recessus aquarum :-- Sæ-acute;-æbbung a bay; sinus, Wrt. Voc. 41, 63. v. ebba.
æ-acute;-bebod, es; n. Law, injunction of the law, command; lex, legis mandatum :-- Ðú me æ-acute;bebod æ-acute;rest settest tu legem posuisti mihi, Ps. Th. 118, 102.
æ-acute;-béc law books, books of the law; juris codices, Cot. 126.
æ-acute;-ber, æ-acute;-bær; adj. Clear and evident by proof, manifest, apparent, notorious; apricus, manifestus :-- Se æ-acute;bera þeóf the notorious thief, L. Edg. ii. 7; Th. i. 268, 22. Æ-acute;bære manslagan notorious homicides, L. Eth. vi. 36; Th. i. 324, 11.
æbesen, æbesn pasturage; pasnagium, L. In. 49; Th. i. 132, 18, note 46. v. æfesen.
æ-bilgan, æ-bilian to make angry; exasperare, Ps. Spl. 67, 7. v. a-belgan.
æ-bilignes, -ness, e; f. Indignation, anger; indignatio, Apol. Th. v. æ-bylignes.
æ-blæ-acute;cnys, -nes, -ness, e; f. A paleness; pallor :-- Wið æblæ-acute;cnysse ðæs líchaman for paleness of the body, Herb. 164, 2; Lchdm. ii. 294, 3.
æ-bléc; adj. Pale, wan, whitish, bleak; pallidus. v. blæ-acute;c, blác.
æ-blécing, æ-blécnys paleness. v. æ-blæ-acute;cnys, blácung.
æ-acute;-bod, es; m. A business; negotium :-- Æ-acute;bodas pragmatica negotia, Ælfc. Gl. 12; Som. 57, 94.
æ-acute;-boda, an; m. A messenger of the law; legis nuntius :-- Ðá wæs frófre gæ-acute;st onsended eádgum æ-acute;bodan then the spirit of comfort was sent to the blessed messenger of the law, i. e. the preacher of the gospel, Exon. 46b; Th. 158, 15; Gú. 909.
æ-acute;-brec [eá water, bræc] A catarrh, rheum; rheuma. v. brecan.
æbs, e; f? A fir-tree; abies, Ælfc. Gr. 5; Som. 4, 45: 9, 26; Som. 11, 18.
æ-bylg, es; n. Anger; ira, indignatio, Exon. 50b; Th. 176, 17; Gú. 1211. v. æ-bylgþ.
æ-bylgan, -byligan To make angry; exasperare, Ps. Spl. 65, 6. v. a-belgan.
æ-bylgþ, -bylþ, -bylygþ, e; f: es; n? [bylgþ, v. belgan] An offence, a fault, scandal, wrong, anger, wrath, indignation; offensa, injuria, ira, indignatio :-- To æbylgþe for offence, Ors. 4, 1; Bos. 76, 27. He sende on hí graman æbylygþe hys misit in eos iram indignationis suæ, Ps. Spl. 77, 54. Cristenum cyningce gebyraþ swýðe rihte ðæt he Godes æbylþe wrece Christiano regi jure pertinet ut injurias Deo factas vindicet, L. C. S. 40; Th. i. 400, 10. v. a-bylgþ, a-byligd.
æ-bylignes, -ness; -nys, -nyss, e; f. Indignation, wrath; indignatio :-- Æbylignes yrres ðínes indignatio iræ tuæ, Ps. Th. 68, 25. He sende on hí graman æbylignysse hys misit in eos iram indignationis suæ, Ps. Spl. 77, 54. v. a-bylgnes.
æ-acute;c also, Th. Dipl. A. D. 804-829; 460, 9: 461, 18, 33. v. eác.
æ-acute;c, e; f. An oak; quercus :-- Of ðære æ-acute;ce [MS. æ-acute;c] andlang heges to ðæm wege from the oak and along the hedge to the road, Kmbl. Cod. Dipl. iii. p. 78, 7. v. ác.
æ-acute;can to eke, Solil. 11. v. écan.
æcced, es; n. Vinegar; acetum, Jn. Lind. War. 19, 30. v. eced.
æce, ace, es; m. An ake, pain; dolor :-- Eal ðæt sár and se æce onwæg alæ-acute;ded wæs all the sore and ake were (led) taken away, Bd. 5, 3; S. 616, 35: 5, 4; S. 617, 22. DER. acan to ake. v. ece.
æ-acute;ce; adj. Eternal; æternus :-- Ðæt we ge-earnian æ-acute;ce dreámas that we may obtain eternal delights, Ps. C. 156. v. éce.
æced, es; n. Vinegar :-- Onféng ðe Hæ-acute;lend ðæt æced the Saviour received the vinegar, Jn. Rush. War. 19, 30. v. eced.
æced-fæt, es; n. An acid-vat, a vinegar-vessel; acetabulum, Wrt. Voc. 25, 21. v. eced-fæt.
æced-wín, es; n. ACID-WINE; murratum vinum, Mk. Lind. War. 15, 23.
æ-céled cooled; pp. of æ-célan = a-célan. DER. célan.
æcelma, an; m. A chilblain; mula, L. M. 1, 30; Lchdm. ii. 70, 16.
æ-acute;cen = ácen; adj. Oaken, made of oak; quernus, Cot. 165.
æ-acute;cen, eácen; pp. of eácan to increase. v. eácan.
ÆCER, æcyr, es; m. I. a field, land, what is sown, sown land; ager, seges :-- For ðam is se æcer geháten Acheldemah propter hoc vocatus est ager ille Haceldama, Mt. Bos. 27, 8. Hér ys seó bót, hú ðú meaht ðíne æceras betan here is the remedy, how thou mayest improve thy fields, Lchdm. i. 398, 1. Of ðæm æcere from the field, Bt. Met. Fox 12, 3; Met. 12, 2. Æcera þúsend a thousand fields, 14, 10; Met. 14, 5. II. a definite quantity of land which, in A. Sax. times, a yoke of oxen could plough in a day, an ACRE, that is 4840 square yards; jugeri spatium, jugerum, a jugo quod tantum fere spatii uno jugo boum arari posset: also ager - Ger. acker an acre :-- Æ-acute;lce dæg ic sceal erian fulne æcer oððe máre omni die debeo arare integrum jugerum [MS. agrum]