This is page 297 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project. Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.) Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary. Click here to search the dictionary. This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers. The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

FOLC-BEALO -- FOLC-LAND. 297

folc-bealo; gen. -bealowes; n. Folk-torment, torment by many, a great torment; ingens m&a-short;lum vel cr&u-short;ci&a-long;tus :-- Petrus and Paulus þrówedon on Róme folcbealo þreálíc Peter and Paul suffered grievous torment by the people at Rome, Menol. Fox 248; Men. 125.

folc-bearn, es; n. A folk-child, a child of man; p&o-short;p&u-short;li f&i-long;lius, h&o-short;m&i-short;nis f&i-long;lius :-- Swilc biþ mæ-acute;gburh menigo ðínre, folcbearnum frome such shall be the family of thy people, excellent in children, Cd. 100; Th. 132, 16; Gen. 2194. Þurh ðé eorþ-búende ealle onfóþ, folcbearn, freoðo and freóndscipe through thee all dwellers upon earth, the children of men, shall receive peace and friendship, 84; Th. 105, 28; Gen. 1760.

folc-beorn a popular man. v. folc-biorn.

folc-biorn, es; m. A popular man; p&o-short;p&u-short;l&a-long;ris vir :-- Folc-biorn, Beo. Th. 4444; B. 2221.

folc-cú; f. The folk's cow, a cow of the herd; p&o-short;p&u-short;li vacca :-- Under folc-cúm [MS. folcum] inter vaccas pop&u-short;l&o-long;rum, Ps. Th. 67, 27; among the kien of puplis, Wyc. 67, 31. v. cú.

folc-cúp; adj. Known to the people, folk-known, well-known, public, celebrated; p&o-short;p&u-short;lis n&o-long;tus, publ&i-short;cus, c&e-short;leber :-- Wæs his freádrihtnes folc-cúþ nama Agamemnon his lord's celebrated name was Agamemnon, Bt. Met. Fox 26, 18; Met. 26, 9. Folc-cúþne ræ-acute;d a discourse known to nations, Bt. Met. Fox introduc. 18; Met. Einl. 9. Be folc-cúþum stræ-acute;tum by the public roads, Bd. 2, 16; S. 520, 4.

folc-cwén, e; f. Folk's queen, queen of the people; p&o-short;p&u-short;li r&e-long;g&i-short;na :-- Eóde freólícu folc-cwén to hire freán sittan the noble queen of the people went to sit by her lord, Beo. Th. 1286; B. 641.

folc-cyning, es; m. Folk's king, king of nations, king of the people; p&o-short;p&u-short;li rex :-- Nealles folc-cyning fyrdgesteallum gylpan þorfte the people's king needed not to boast of his comrades in arms, Beo. Th. 5738; B. 2873; 5460; B. 2733. Folc-cyninge for the king of nations, Cd. 131; Th. 166, 25; Gen. 2753. Fífe folc-cyningas five kings of nations, 93; Th. 119, 4; Gen. 1974: 95; Th. 125, 5; Gen. 2074. cf. O. Sax. folk-kuning.

folc-dryht, -driht, e; f. [dryht, driht a multitude] A multitude of people, an assemblage; p&o-short;p&u-short;li mult&i-short;t&u-long;do, c&o-short;m&i-short;t&a-long;tus :-- Folcdryht wera bifóran before the assemblage of men, Exon. 23b; Th. 66, 5; Cri. 1067. Folcdriht, Cd. 64; Th. 76, 24; Gen. 1262.

foloe-flren, e; f. A folk-crime, public crime; p&o-short;p&u-short;li sc&e-short;lus :-- Wæ-acute;rlogona sint folcefirena hefige the public crimes of the faithless are heavy, Cd. 109; Th. 145, 23; Gen. 2410.

folce-getrum, es; n. A host of people; exerc&i-short;tus :-- Mid heora folce-getrume with their band of people, Cd. 95; Th. 123, 18; Gen. 2046, note. v. folc-getrum.

folc-egsa, an; m. Folk-terror; publ&i-short;cus terror, form&i-long;do :-- Ðú towurpe fæsten his for folcegsan p&o-short;suisti mun&i-long;ti&o-long;nes ejus in form&i-long;d&i-short;nem, Ps. Th. 88, 33.

folc-firen a folk-crime, v. folce-firen.

fole-freá, an; m. Folk's lord, lord of a nation; p&o-short;p&u-short;li d&o-short;m&i-short;nus :-- Hie ðæt cúþ dydon heora folcfreán they made that known to their nation's lord, Cd. 89; Th. 111, 7; Gen. 1852.

folc-frig, folc-frý; adj. Folk-free; l&i-long;ber &a-short;pud pl&e-long;bern :-- Beó he syððan folcfrig be he afterwards folk-free, L. C. S. 45; Th. i. 402, 17. Se sié folcfrý let him be folk-free, L. Wih. 8; Th. i. 38, 15. cf. Grm. RA. 349.

folc-gefeoht, es; n. Folk-battle, a great battle, pitched battle; publ&i-short;ca pugna, pl&e-long;num prælium :-- Ða Sciððie noldon hine gesécan to folcgefeohte the Scythians would not attack him in a pitched battle, Ors. 2, 5; Bos. 46, 5. Wurdon ix folcgefeoht gefohten nine great battles were fought, Chr. 871; Erl. 77, 7: 887; Erl. 87, 9. On þrím folcgefeohtum in three pitched battles, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 66, 11. cf. Icel. fôlk-orrusta.

folc-gemót, -mót, folces gemót, es; n. A folk-meeting; p&o-short;p&u-short;li consessus. The folc-gemót was a general assembly of the people of a town, city or shire, and was held annually on the first of May, but it could be convened on extraordinary occasions by ringing the moot-bell, -- 'Cum &a-short;l&i-short;quid v&e-long;ro in&o-short;p&i-long;n&a-long;tum, vel d&u-short;bium, vel m&a-short;lum contra, regnum, vel contra c&o-short;r&o-long;nam d&o-short;m&i-short;ni r&e-long;gis, forte in ballivis suis s&u-short;b&i-short;to emers&e-short;rit, d&e-long;bent, st&a-short;tim puls&a-long;tis camp&a-long;nis quod Angl&i-short;ce v&o-short;cant mótbel conv&o-short;c&a-long;re omnes et &u-long;n&i-short;versos, quod Angl&i-short;ce d&i-long;cunt folcmóte, i. e. v&o-short;c&a-long;tio et congr&e-short;g&a-long;tio p&o-short;p&u-short;l&o-long;rum, et gentium omnium, quia &i-short;bi omnes conv&e-short;n&i-long;re d&e-long;bent. . . St&a-short;t&u-long;tum est quod d&e-long;bent p&o-short;p&u-short;li omnes, et gentes &u-long;n&i-short;versæ sing&u-short;lis annis, s&e-short;mel in anno sc&i-long;l&i-short;cet conv&e-short;n&i-long;re, sc&i-long;l&i-short;cet in c&a-short;p&i-short;te kal. Maii,' Th. Anglo-Saxon Laws, vol. i. 613, note a. The folc-gemót was forbidden to be held on Sundays :-- On folcgemóte at the folk-moot, L. Alf. pol. 34; Th. i. 82, 12, 13: L. Ath. i. 2; Th. i. 200, 8: iv. 1; Th. i. 220, 23. On folcgemóte [-móte, L.], L. Ath. i. 12; Th. i. 206, 11. On folces gemóte, L. Alf. pol. 22; Th. i. 76, 5. Gif he folcgemót [folces gemót, MS. H.] mid wæ-acute;pnes bryde aræ-acute;re if he disturb the folk-moot by drawing his weapon, L. Alf. pol. 38; Th. i. 86, 16. Sunnan dæges we forbeódaþ æ-acute;lc folcgemót, búton hit for mycelre neódþearfe sí we forbid every Sunday folk-moot, unless it be for great necessity, L. C. E. 15; Th. i. 368, 16: L. N. P. L. 55; Th. ii. 298, 22. Sunnan dæges freóls healde man georne, and folcgemóta on ðam hálgan dæge geswíce man georne let Sunday's festival be diligently kept, and folk-moots be carefully abstained from on that holy day, L. Eth. v. 13; Th. i. 308, 11: vi. 22; Th. i. 320, 12: L. Edg. C. 19; Th. ii. 248, 14. v. folc-mót, folc-land. v. Stubbs' Const. Hist. folk-moot.

folc-geréfa, an; m. A folk-reeve, a people's governor; p&o-short;p&u-short;li præp&o-short;s&i-short;tus :-- Folcgeréfa action&a-long;tor, Ælfc. Gl. 5; Som. 56, 25; Wrt. Voc. 17, 30. v. Du Cange, sub voce Actionator.

fole-geriht, es; n. Folk-right; publ&i-short;cum jus :-- Feola syndon folc-gerihtu there are many folk-rights, L. R. S. 21; Th. i. 440, 25. v. folc-riht.

folc-gesetness, e; f. A decree or ordinance of the people; pl&e-long;bisc&i-long;tum, Som. Ben. Lye.

folc-gesíþas; gen. -gesíþa; m. The nobles of a country; p&a-short;res, n&o-long;b&i-short;les, gentis c&o-short;m&i-short;tes, p&o-short;p&u-short;l&a-long;res :-- Syndon deáde folcgesíþas the nobles of the country are dead, Cd. 98; Th. 128, 29; Gen. 2134: Bt. Met. Fox 1, 140; Met. l, 70. Wið ðám néhstum folcgesíþum with the nearest rulers of the people, Cd. 193; Th. 241, 29; Dan. 412.

folc-gestælla, an; m. An adherent, follower; gentis c&o-short;mes :-- Cræft folcgestælna a force of adherents, Cd. 15; Th. 18, 10; Gen. 271. v. folc-gestealla.

folc-gestealla, -gestælla, an; m. A noble companion; gentis c&o-short;mes, p&o-short;p&u-short;l&a-long;ris :-- Mid swilcum mæg man fón folcgesteallan with such, one may obtain adherents, Cd. 15; Th. 19, 6; Gen. 287.

folc-gestreón, es; n. A public treasure; p&o-short;p&u-short;li d&i-long;v&i-short;tiæ :-- Ða leóde leng ne woldon Elamitarna aldor swíðan folcgestreónum those nations would no longer strengthen the Elamites' prince with the public treasures, Cd. 93; Th. 119, 17; Gen. 1981.

folc-getæl, es; n. A number of people; p&o-short;p&u-short;li n&u-short;m&e-short;rus :-- On folc-getæl fíftig cista in the number of people [were] fifty bands, Cd. 154; Th. 192, 9; Exod. 229.

folc-geþrang, es; n. Folk-throng, a crowd; p&o-short;p&u-short;li c&a-short;terva :-- Ðurh ðæt folcgeþrang through the crowd, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 68, 30.

folc-getrum, folce-getrum, es; n. Folk-host; exerc&i-short;tus :-- Folcgetrume gefaren hæfdon they had come with a host, Cd. 93; Th. 119, 29; Gen. 1987. DER. getrum.

folc-gewinn, es; n. Folk's war, battle; bellum :-- Wæs monig Gota gelysted folcgewinnes many a Goth was desirous of battle, Bt. Met. Fox 1, 19; Met. 1, 10.

folcisc; adj. Folkish, common, vulgar, popular; rust&i-short;cus, pl&e-long;b&e-long;ius :-- Gif man folciscne mæsse-preóst mid tíhtlan belecge if a man charge a secular mass-priest with an accusation, L. Eth. ix. 21; Th. i. 344, 19: L. C. E. 5; Th. i. 362, 16. Folcisce men common men, Bt. 30, 1; Fox 108, 23: 35, 6; Fox 168, 24. Ðæt hí folciscra gemóta geswícan that they abstain from popular meetings, L. Eth. vi. 44; Th. i. 326, 21.

folc-læ-acute;sung, e; f. Public lying, slander; publ&i-short;cum mend&a-long;cium :-- Gif mon folclæ-acute;sunge gewyrce si quis publ&i-short;cum mend&a-long;cium confingat, L. Alf. pol. 28; Wilk. 41, 19. v. folc-leásung.

folo-lagu, e; f. Folk or public law; publ&i-short;ca lex :-- Gif hwá folclage wirde if any one corrupt the law of the people, L. N. P. L. 46; Th. ii. 296, 22. Folclaga wyrsedon the laws of the people were corrupted, Lupi Serm. i. 5; Hick. Thes. ii. 100, 19.

folc-land, -lond, es; n. [folc folk, land land]. I. the land of the folk or people. It was the property of the community. It might be occupied in common, or possessed in severalty; and, in the latter case, it was probably parcelled out to individuals in the folc-gemót, q. v. or court of the district, and the grant sanctioned by the freemen who were there present. While it continued to be folc-land, it could not be alienated in perpetuity; and, therefore, on the expiration of the term for which it had been granted, it reverted to the community, and was again distributed by the same authority. Spelman describes folc-land as 'terra p&o-short;p&u-short;l&a-long;ris, quæ j&u-long;re comm&u-long;ni poss&i-short;d&e-long;tur -- s&i-short;ne scripto,' Gloss. Folcland. In another place he distinguishes it accurately from bóc-land: 'Prædia Sax&o-short;nes dupl&i-short;ci t&i-short;t&u-short;lo poss&i-short;d&e-long;bant; vel scripti auct&o-long;r&i-short;t&a-long;te, quod bóc-land v&o-short;c&a-long;bant, vel p&o-short;p&u-short;li test&i-short;m&o-long;nio, quod folc-land dix&e-long;re,' Id. Bocland :-- Eác we cwæ-acute;don hwæs se wyrðe wæ-acute;re ðe óðrum ryhtes wyrnde, áðor oððe on bóc-lande oððe on folc-lande, and ðæt he him geándagode of ðam folc-lande, hwonne he him riht worhte befóran ðam geréfan. Gif he ðonne nán riht næfde ne on bóc-lande ne on folc-lande, ðæt se wæ-acute;re ðe rihtes wyrnde scyldig xxx scillinga wið ðone cyning; and æt óðrum cyrre, eác swá: æt þriddan cyrre, cyninges oferhýrnesse, ðæt is cxx scillinga, búton he æ-acute;r geswíce also we have ordained of what he were worthy who denied justice to another, either in book-land or in folk-land, and that he should give him a term respecting the folk-land, when he should do him justice before the reeve. But if he had no right either to the book-land or to the folk-land, that he who denied the right should be liable in 30 shillings to the king; and for the second offence, the like: for the third offence, the king's penalty, that is, 120 shillings, unless he previously desist, L. Ed. 2; Th. i. 160, 10-17. All lands, whether bóc-land or folc-land, were subject to the Tr&i-short;n&o-long;da Necess&i-short;tas. Under this denomination are comprised three distinct imposts, to which all landed possessions, not excepting those of the church, were subject, viz :-- [a] Brycg-bó;t for keeping the bridges, and highways in repair. [b] Burh-bót for keeping the burghs, or fortresses, in