This is page 482 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)
This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.
Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.
This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.
The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.
GNAGAN - GÓD
GNAGAN, ic gnage, ðú gnægest, gnægst, gnæhst, he gnægeþ, gnægþ, gnæhþ, pl. gnagaþ; p. gnóh, pl. gnógon; pp. gnagen, gnægen To GNAW, bite; rodere :-- Ic gnage rodo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Som. 31, 24. Ðæt gewrit beó geworpen músen to gnagene illiusmodi litteraturæ membranula suricum morsibus corrodenda, Chart. Th. 318, 29. [Gnagan = ge-nagan: Icel. gnaga, naga: O. H. Ger. nagan, gi-nagan.] DER. be-gnagan, for-.
gnást, es; m. A spark. [O. E. Hom. gnast: Icel. gneisti: O. H. Ger. gneisto.] DER. fýr-gnást.
gneáð, gnéð; adj. Sparing, frugal, stingy, scanty, small; parcus :-- Næs hió to gneáð gifa she was not too sparing of gifts, Beo. Th. 3864; B. 1930. He self lifde on gneáðum woroldlífe án tunece wæs his gegerela and ðæt wæs hæ-acute;ren and beren hláf wæs his gereorde he himself lived a frugal life in the world, one tunic was his raiment, and barley bread was his food, Shrn. 110, 4: 77, 4. He ðám ðe on scearan máran wæ-acute;ron on ðám mægnum eáðmódnesse and hýrsumnesse nóhte ðon læssa ne gnéðra wæs eis quæ tonsura majores sunt virtutibus, humilitatis et obedientiæ, non mediocriter insignitus, Bd. 5, 19; S. 637, 18. Of gnéðum, of lytlum parcis, Gl. Prud. 227. [Gnede scanty, O. E. Misc. Morris.]
gneáðlícnis frugality, Hpt. Gl. 463.
gnéðelíce; adv. Sparingly, frugally; parce, Greg. Dial. 1, 7, Lye. [Cf. A. R. al þet mon wilneþ more þen heo mei gnedeliche leden hire lif bi, al his giscunge.]
gnéðen, gnéðn; adj. Moderate, temperate, modest, low; mediocris, modestus, Cot. 129, Lye.
gnéðenes, gnéðnes, se; f. Frugality, care; parcimonia, Cot. 81, 149, Lye.
GNÍDAN, ic gníde, ðú gníst, he gnít, pl. gnídaþ; p. gnád, pl. gnidon; pp. gniden To rub, break, rub together, comminute; fricare, comminuere :-- Hys leorningcnihtas ða eár mid hyra handum gnidon his disciples rubbed the ears with their hands, Lk. Bos. 6, 1. Gif ðú gang ofer his æcer brec ða eár and gníd if thou go across his field pluck the ears and rub them, Deut. 23, 25. Nim æ-acute;nne sticcan and gníd to sumum þinge take a stick and rub it against something, Lchdm. iii. 274, 3. Gníd ða þungana and on ufan ðæt héfd rub the temples and the top of the head, 292, 23. Gníd swíðe smale to duste rub very small, to dust, Herb. 1, 2; Lchdm. i. 70, 14. [Dan. gnide: O. H. Ger. gnítan fricare.] DER. for-gnídan, ge-.
gnidennys, -nyss, e; f. A rubbing, contrition. v. for-gnidennys, Ps. Lamb. 13, 3.
gnidill a pestle; pistillum, Som.
gníding a rubbing; frictio, Som.
gníst, he gnít rubbest, rubs; 2nd and 3rd pers. pres. of gnídan.
gnóh, pl. gnógon gnawed, bit; p. of gnagan.
gnorn, es; m. Sorrow, sadness, affliction; mæstitia :-- Ne biþ ðæ-acute;r æ-acute;ngum gódum gnorn ætýwed no sorrow shall there be shewn to any good man, Exon. 31 a; Th. 96, 19; Cri. 1576. Gnorn þrowian to suffer sadness, Beo. Th. 5310; B. 2658.
gnorn; adj. Sorrowful, sad, dejected, complaining; mœstus :-- Leónhwelpas grymetigaþ gnorne catuli leonum rugientes, Ps. Th. 103, 20. Flugon forhtigende gylp wearþ gnornra they fled in terror, their boast became more sorrowful, Cd. 166; Th. 206, 19; Ex. 454.
gnornan, gnornian; p. ede, ode; pp. ed, od To grieve, mourn, be sad, bewail, lament; mœrere :-- Ic gnornige mereo, Ælfc. Gr. 33; Som. 36, 49: Ps. Th. 54, 2. Ic cúþlíce wát for hwon ðú gnornast scio certissime quare mæres, Bd. 2, 12; S. 513, 42. Gnornaþ he grieves, Exon. 82 b; Th. 311, 14; Seef. 92: 51 a; Th. 178, 6; Gú. 1240. Gif hí fulle ne beóþ fela gnorniaþ si non fuerint saturati, et murmurabunt, Ps. Th. 58, 15. Ðæt wíf gnornode the woman mourned, Cd. 37; Th. 48, 4; Gen. 770: Beo. Th. 2239; B. 1117: Elen. Kmbl. 2518; El. 1260. Swá gnornedon godes andsacan thus lamented God's adversaries, Cd. 219; Th. 282, 1; Sat. 280: Exon. 38 b; Th. 128, 7; Gú. 400. Ne scyle nán wís monn forhtigan ne gnornian no wise man ought to fear or lament, Bt. 40, 3; Fox 238, 8: Cd. 219; Th. 281, 19; Sat. 274. Sceoldon wræcmæcgas ofgiefan gnornende gréne beorgas the exiles, sorrowing, must give up the green hills, Exon. 35 b; Th. 116, 6; Gú. 203: 42 b; Th. 142, 29; Gú. 651. He férde gnornigende abiit mærens, Mk. Skt. 10, 22. Geómor and gnorngende sad and sorrowing, Blickl. Homl. 113, 29: Cd. 39; Th. 52, 9; Gen. 841. Gnorniende cynn a mourning race, 216; Th. 273, 9; Sat. 134: Ps. Th. 101, 4. Geonge for ðé gnornendra care ðara ðe on feterum fæste wæ-acute;ran intret in conspectu tuo gemitus compeditorum, 78, 11. [O. Sax. gnornon.]
gnorn-cearig; adj. Sad, sorrowful, Exon. 73 b; Th. 274, 6; Jul. 529.
gnorn-hof, es; n. A house of grief, a prison, Andr. Kmbl. 2016; An. 1010: 3087; An. 1045.
gnorn-scendende; part. Hurrying away in sorrow, Ps. Th. 89, 10.
gnorn-sorh, -sorg, e; f. Care, sorrow, Exon. 52 a; Th. 182, 13; Gú. 1309: Elen. Kmbl. 1307; El. 655: 1951; El. 977.
gnornung, e; f. Grief, lamentation, mourning; mœstitia :-- Gnornung meror, Ælfc. Gr. 33; Som. 36, 51. Hér is Brytta gnornung gemitus Brittanorum, Bd. 1, 13; S. 481, 42, note. Me hæfþ ðeós gnornung ðære gemynde benumen this grief hath deprived me of the remembrance, Bt. 5, 3; Fox 12, 20: 7, 2; Fox 18, 10. Mid mycelre gnornunge ymbe ðæs cyninges slege with great grief for the king's death, Ors. 2, 4; Bos. 45, 24: Chr. 975; Erl. 126, 13; Edg. 39. Seó árleáse helwarena stefn wæs gehýred and heora gnornung the impious voice of the dwellers in hell was heard, and their lamentation, Blickl. Homl. 87, 4: 91, 30: Cd. 220; Th. 285, 8; Sat. 334: Exon. 40 b; Th. 134, 29; Gú. 516. DER. heáh-gnornung.
gnorn-word, es; n. A word of sadness, mournful discourse :-- Him oft betuh gnornword gengdon oft mournful words passed between them, Cd. 37; Th. 47, 27; Gen. 767. [Cf. O. Sax. gorn-word.]
gnyran [?] to creak; stridere :-- Gnyrende stridentes, Lchdm. iii. 210, 12. See Skt. Etymol. Dict. gnarl.
gnyrn, es; m. n[?] Grief, sorrow, evil, wrong :-- Lác weorþade ðe hire brungen wæs gnyrna to geóce the gift she honoured that was brought to her as a consolation of sorrows, Elen. Kmbl. 2275; El. 1139. Þeóda waldend eallra gnyrna [MS. gnymra] leás the ruler of nations, free from all evils, 843; El. 422. Wlance drihtne guldon gód mid gnyrne arrogant, they repaid good to the Lord with evil, Cd. 111; Th. 146, 10; Gen. 2420. [Cf. gyrn.]
gnyrn-wracu, e; f. Revenge for injury or grief, enmity, hate, Elen. Kmbl. 718; El. 359. [Cf. gyrn-wracu.]
GOD, es; m. God, the Deity, a god. The following epithets occur :-- dryhten, wealdend, nergend, hæ-acute;lend, sóþ, hálig, mihtig, ælmihtig, lifgende, ealwealda, heáhengla, heofona, heofonengla, heofonríces, gæ-acute;sta, mihta, mægena, weoruda, wuldres, sigores, sigora. Án God ys gód, Mt. 19, 17. Nys nán man gód, búton God ána, Lk. 18, 19. Hú gód Israhél God, Ps. Spl. 72, 1. Hér is Godes lamb, Jn. 1, 29. Enoch férde mid Gode, Gen. 5, 24. Ða leásan godas false gods, Blickl. Homl. 201, 30. Rachel forstæl hire fæder hæ-acute;ðenan godas Rachel furata est idola patris sui, Gen. 31, 19. Hwí forstæle ðú me míne godas cur furatus es deos meos, 31, 30. Hæ-acute;ðenan godas heathen gods, 31, 32. Héðenan godas heathen gods, 31, 33. Ne wirc ðú ðé agrafene godas work not thou for thyself graven gods, Ex. 20, 4. Drihten sylf ys Goda God, mæ-acute;re God, and mihtig, and egefull the Lord himself is God of Gods, a great God, a mighty and a terrible, Deut. 10, 17. Ne wyrc ðú ðé gyldne godas oððe seolfrene make thou not to thyself golden or silver gods, L. Alf. 10; Th. i. 44, 21: Ex. 32, 31: 23, 32: Jn. Skt. 10, 34, 35. Ða hæ-acute;denan noldon beón gehealdene on feáwum godum.... Mánfullan men wæ-acute;ron ða mæ-acute;rostan godas the heathens would not be contented with few gods.... Guilty men were the mightiest gods, Salm. Kmbl. p. 121, 40. [Goth. guþ; m: O. Sax. O. Frs. god: Icel. guð; m. pl. guðir dii: O. H. Ger. got; m: Ger. gott.] v. Grm. D. M. pp. 12 sqq. and cf. god; n.
god, es; n. A god :-- Hiora godu syndon drýcræfta láreówas their gods are teachers of magical arts, Ors. 1, 5; Bos. 28, 28. He wolde geséean helle godu he would visit the gods of hell, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 13. Goddo [godo, Rush.] gie aron dii estis? Jn. Skt. Lind. 10, 34. God deos, Rush. 35. Godu, Ps. Th. 81, 6: 94, 3. Syndon ealle hæ-acute;ðene godu hilde deóful omnes dii gentium dæmonia, 95, 5, 4: Exon. 74 b; Th. 278, 16; Jul. 598. Gif ðú fremdu godu forþ bigongest if thou dost continue to worship strange gods, 67 b; Th. 250, 2; Jul. 121. [Goth. guþa; n. pl: Icel. goð; n. pl.]
gód; adj. GOOD; bonus :-- Þæs gódan gódnes biþ his ágen gód the goodness of the good is his own good, Bt. 37, 3; Fox 190, 14. Gód mann sóþlíce of gódum goldhorde bringþ gód forþ bonus homo de bono thesauro profert bona, Mt. Bos. 12, 35. Mæg æ-acute;nig þing gódes beón of Nazareth a Nazareth potest aliquid boni esse? Jn. Bos. 1, 46. Crist, seðe æ-acute;fre is gód ðeáh ðe we wáce sindon Christ who is ever good, though we are weak, Homl. Th. ii. 48, 20. Ðæ-acute;r wearþ Heáhmund bisceop ofslægen and fela gódra monna there was bishop Heahmund slain and many good men, Chr. 871; Erl. 74, 34. Þa men hie gefliémdon and hira gódne dæ-acute;l ofslógon the men put them to flight and slew a good part of them, 921; Erl. 106, 24: 913; Erl. 102, 7. Genim giþcornes leáfa gode handfulle take good handfuls of leaves of githcorn, L. M. ii. 65, 1; Lchdm. ii. 292, 10. Me is on gómum gód and swéte ðín ágen word quam dulcia faucibus meis eloquia tua, Ps. Th. 118, 103. Gód is ðæt man Drihtne andette bonum est confiteri domino, 91, 1: 134, 1. Cyning and cwén sceolon geofum gód wesan a king and queen shall be liberal, Exon. 90 a; Th. 338, 35; Gn. Ex. 84. Nis mon his gifena ðæs gód there is no man so good in his qualities, 82 a; Th. 308, 15; Seef. 40. He is to freónde gód he is good as a friend, 67 a; Th. 248, 28; Jul. 102. We ðæ-acute;r góde hwíle stódon we stood there a good while, Rood Kmbl. 140; Kr. 70. Him ðæt geleánaþ lífes waldend gódum dæ-acute;dum the ruler of life will repay them that with benefits, Exon. 117 a; Th. 450, 13; Dóm. 87. Þurh góde dæ-acute;da Gode lícian to please God by good deeds, Blickl. Homl. 129, 34. Ðám ðe gódes willan sýn to those who are of goodwill, 93, 10: 37, 27. Gódes lífes bysene onstellan to set an example of good life, 81, 6. Wæs he swíðe æþelra gebyrda and gódra he was of very noble and good birth, 211, 19. Góde sangeras good singers, 207, 31. [Goth. góds, góþs: O. Sax. O. Frs. gód: O. H. Ger. guot: Ger. gut: Icel. góðr.]