This is page 487 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

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GRAFAN - GREÁT

grafan, ic grafe, græfe, ðú græfest, græfst, he græfeþ, græfþ, pl. grafaþ; p. gróf, pl. grófon; pp. grafen. I. to dig, delve, dig up; fodere, effodere :-- Ic be grunde græfe I dig along the ground, Exon. 106 a; Th. 403, 3: Rä. 22, 2. Ðæt fýr græfeþ grimlíce eorþan sceátas the fire shall fiercely delve the tracts of earth, Exon. 22 b; Th. 62, 19; Cri. 1004: 95 a; Th. 354, 55; Reim. 66. Se forma feohgítsere gróf æfter golde the first miser delved after gold, Bt. Met. Fox 8, 113; Met. 8, 57: Exon. l09 a; Th. 416, 4; Rä. 34, 6: 130 a; Th. 498, 24; Rä. 88, 6. Ðæt ic grófe græf that I may dig a grave, Exon. 95 a; Th. 355, 3; Reim. 71. I. to GRAVE, engrave, carve; sculpere, cælare :-- Ic grafe sculpo, Ælfc. Gr. 28, 4; Som. 31, 20. Ðonne hí wóhgodu worhtan and grófun in sculptilibus suis emulati sunt eum, Ps. Th. 77, 58. Ac hý grófon æ-acute;ghwylcne stán swá se cásere geþohte they carved each stone as the emperor designed, Shrn. 146, 16. [Laym. graven: Prompt. Parv. gravin sculpere: O. Sax. (bi-)gra&b-bar;an: Goth. graban: Icel. grafa: O. H. Ger. graban.] DER. a-grafan, be-, bi-.

grafet, es; n. A trench[?] :-- On ðæt lange grauet of ðam lange grafette, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. v. 193, 33: 195, 5, 7. Leo takes the word as a diminutive of 'gráf.'

gram, grom; adj. [grama anger] Furious, fierce, wroth, angry, offended, incensed, hostile, troublesome :-- He swá grom wearþ on his móde he became so incensed; rex iratus, Ors. 2, 4; Swt. 72, 32: 6, 4; Swt. 260, 23. Driliten wæs ðam folce gram the Lord was angry with the people, Deut. 1, 37: Cd. 16; Th. 20, 2; Gen. 302. Wearþ se cyng swíðe gram wið ða burhware the king was very angry with the citizens, Chr. 1048; Erl. 178, 6. He wæs on his gáste gram exacerbaverunt spiritum ejus, Ps. Th. 105, 25. Ic eom nalæs grames módes non sum turbatus, 118, 60. Of gramum folce de populo barbaro, 113, 1. Ðín ðæt grame yrre thy fierce anger, 68, 25: 84, 1: 108, 18. Seó eádge biseah ongeán gramum the blessed maid looked on the fierce one [the devil], Exon. 75 a; Th. 280, 12; Jul. 628: Cd. 27; Th. 36, 35; Gen. 582. Ða graman Gydena ðe folcisce men hátaþ Parcas the fierce goddesses whom common people call Parcæ, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 168, 24. Grame gúþfrecan fierce warriors, Judth. 11; Thw. 24, 35; Jud. 224: Andr. Kmbl. 1833; An. 919: Ps. Th. 104, 30. Grame me forhogedon my enemies despised me, 118, 141: 104, 15: Judth. 12; Thw. 25, 2; Jud. 238. Grame manige fremde þeóda many hostile and strange nations; alienigenæ, Ps. Th. 82, 6: 118, 138: Exon. 126 b; Th. 485, 26; Rä. 72, 3. Ðæ-acute;r ða graman wunnon where the fierce ones struggled, Beo. Th. 1559; B. 777. In gramra gripe into the grasp of foes, Andr. Kmbl. 433; An. 217: 1901; An. 953. Gromra, Cd. 114; Th. 150, 2; Gen. 2485. Deófla stræ-acute;las gromra gárfare the shafts of devils, the spears of fierce spirits, Exon. 19 a; Th. 49, 5; Cri. 781. Ne beó ðú ælþeódegum gram thou shalt not ... oppress a stranger, Ex. 23, 9. Ne beó ðú me gram noli mihi molestus esse, Lk. Skt. 11, 7: 18, 5. [Laym. gram: Orm. gramm: O. Sax. gram, the gramo the devil: Icel. gramr wroth; pl. gramir, gröm fiends, demons; see Grmm. D. M. 942-3: O. H. Ger. gram iratus: Ger. gram.]

GRAMA, an; m. Anger, rage, fury, indignation, wrath, trouble; ira, furor, molestia :-- On graman ðínum in ira tua, Ps. Spl. 6, 1: 7, 6. Drihten wearþ yrre mid graman his folce iratus est furore Dominus in populo suo, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 73, 54-6: Gen. 19, 25. Ic ondréd his graman and his yrre I was afraid of his anger and hot displeasure, Deut. 9, 19. Ðæne úre yldran for graman to deáþe gedémdon whom our elders for anger doomed to death, H. R. 9, 23. Wel hí sind Dere gehátene forðan ðe hí sind fram graman generode well are they named Dere [ = de ira], for they are saved from wrath, Homl. Th. ii. 120, 35: 124, 9. Se upplíca grama the wrath of heaven, 538, 28. Æppla gaderian graman getácnaþ to gather apples betokens trouble, Lchdm. iii. 212, 21. [Laym. grome, grame: A. R. grome anger: Chauc. grame: cf. O. H. Ger. grame; f. exacerbatio: Ger. gram; m. grief.]

gramatisc-cræft, es; m. The art of grammar, Bd. 4, 2; S. 565, 26.

gram-bæ-acute;re; adj. Angry, passionate; iracundus, Past. 40, 1; Swt. 289, 5; Hat. MS.

grame, grome; adv. Fiercely, cruelly, hostilely, Ps. Th. 57, 5: 68, 3: 93, 2: 123, 7. Grome, Cd. 64; Th. 76, 21; Gen. 1260: 184; Th. 230, 15; Dan. 233: Exon. 89 b; Th. 336, 21; Gn. Ex. 52.

gramfærnys, se; f. Anger, fury :-- Æ-acute;lc gramfærnys cymþ of deófle omnis furor venit a diabolo, L. Ecg. P. 4, 66; Th. ii. 226, 25.

gram-heort; adj. Having a fierce, hostile heart or mind, Beo. Th. 3368; B. 1682: Exon. 31 a; Th. 136, 14; Gú. 541: 102 b; Th. 387, 17; Rä. 5, 6. [O. Sax. gram-hert.]

gram-hycgende; part. Having fierce, hostile thought or purpose, Ps. Th. 68, 25.

gram-hygdig, -hýdig; adj. Fierce-minded, hostilely disposed :-- Gramhegdig, Ps. C. 50, 49; Ps. Grn. ii. 278, 49. Gromhýdig guma, Exon. 55 b; Th. 196, 6; Az. 170: 18 b; Th. 46, 8; Cri. 734: Beo. Th. 3502; B. 1749. Ðæ-acute;r næ-acute;fre feóndes ne biþ gástes gramhýdiges gang where never shall be fiend's or fierce spirit's walk, Andr. Kmbl. 3384; An. 1696: Ps. Th. 73, 4. Gramhýdige me oft onginnaþ injusti insurrexerunt in me, 85, 13. Gromhýdge, Exon. 38 a; Th. 124, 31; Gú. 346: 116 a; Th. 445, 27; Dóm. 14. [O. Sax. gram-hugdig.]

gramlíc; adj. Fierce, hostile, cruel :-- He hig betæ-acute;hte sumum gramulícan cininge Iabin geháton he gave them into the hands of a fierce king named Jabin, Jud. 4, 2. On heora gasthúsum is gramlíc inwit nequitia in hospitiis eorum, Ps. Th. 54, 15. [Icel. gramligr vexatious.]

gramlíce; adv. Hostilely, evilly, fiercely :-- Gramlíce be Gode spræ-acute;can male locuti sunt de Deo, Ps. Th. 77, 20: 105, 12: Cd. 210; Th. 260, 23; Dan. 714.

gram-mód; adj. Of fierce or cruel mind :-- Hine næ-acute;nig man grammódne ne funde no one found him cruel, Blickl. Homl. 223, 33.

gram-word, es; n. A word or speech expressing anger, wrath, hate, evil :-- Ne gé wið eode æ-acute;fre gramword sprecan nolite loqui adversus deum iniquitatem, Ps. Th. 74, 5.

grandor-, grondor-leás; adj. Guileless :-- Geong grondorleás young and guileless, Exon. 69 b; Th. 258, 26; Jul. 271. [Cf. Icel. grandlauss, grandvarr guileless.]

gránian; p. ode; pp. od To groan, lament, murmur :-- Gránude lamentatæ, Ps. Spl. C. 77, 69. Hí gránedan murmuraverunt, Ps. Th. 105, 20. [Laym. granien, gronie: A. R. gronen: Prompt. Parv. gronin gemere: cf. O. H. Ger. grínan mutire: Ger. greinen to cry.]

Grantabrycgscir Cambridgeshire.

Granta-ceaster GRANTCHESTER, a village near Cambridge, Bd. 4, 19; S. 588, 30.

Grantan-brycg, e; f: Grante brycg, e; f: Granta-brycg, e; f. [Hunt. Grantebrige: Dunel. Grantabric, Grantnebrige, Grantebryge: Hovd. Grauntebrigge] CAMBRIDGE, the chief town in Cambridgeshire, and seat of the University; Cant&a-long;br&i-short;gia, agri Cantabrigiensis oppidum primarium :-- To Grantanbrycge to Cambridge, Chr. 875; Th. 144, 9, col. 2: 145, 9, col. 2: 921; Th. 195, 29. To Grante brycge to Cambridge, Chr. 875; Th. 144, 9, col. 1, 3. Forbærndon Granta-bricge they burned down Cambridge, Chr. l000; Th. 264, 5, col. 1: 264, 8, col. 2: 265, 7, col. 1.

gránung, e; f. GROANING, lamentation; gemitus :-- Me ymbhringdon sár and sorga and gránung circumdederunt me gemitus mortis, Ps. Th. 17, 4. Mín gránung ðé nis na forholen gemitus meus a to non est absconditus, 37, 9. Wununga on ðam ne ablinþ gránung dwellings in which groaning ceases not, Homl. Th. i. 68, 7: L. E. I; Th. ii. 400, 7.

gráp, e; f. Grasp, clutch :-- Me fæste hæfde on grápe fast had me in his grasp, Beo. Th. 114; B. 555: 881; B. 438. Hond earm and eaxle Grendles grápe hand, arm, and shoulder, Grendel's grasp, 1676; B. 836. On grápum in the clutches, 1534; B. 765: 3088; B. 1542: Andr. Kmbl. 2671; An. 1337: Exon. 38 b; Th. 126, 28: 47 a; Th. 162, 1. [Icel. greip; f. the space between the thumb and the fingers, a grasp: O. H. Ger. greifa; f. bidens.]

GRÁPIAN, grópian; p. ode; pp. od To grope, touch, feel with the hands :-- Ic grópige palpo. Ælfc. Gr. 24; Som. 25, 42. Grápige, 36; Som. 38, 46. Handa hí habbaþ and hí ná grápiaþ manus habent et non palpabunt, Ps. Spl. 113, 15. Se cuma his cneów grápode mid his hálwendum handum the stranger felt his knee with his healing hands, Homl. Th. ii. 134, 35. Hire wið healse heard grápode bánhringas bræc the hard blade touched her neck, broke the bone-rings, Beo. Th. 3137; B. 1566: 4176; B. 2085. On ðæt bánleáse brýd grápode hondum touched with hands that boneless bride, Exon. 112 b; Th. 431, 20; Rä. 46, 3. Hie wurdon sóna ablinde and grápodan mid heora handum on ða eorþan they at once became blind and groped on the ground with their hands, Blickl. Homl. 151, 6. Grápiaþ palpate, Lk. Skt. 24, 39. Þýstro swá þicce ðæt hig grápion darkness that may be felt, Ex. 10, 21. Ðæt ðú grápie on midne ðæg swá se blinda déþ on þístrum thou shalt grope at noonday, as the blind gropeth in darkness, Deut. 28, 29. Ðone líchoman he æteówde to grápigenne he shewed the body to be touched, Homl. Th. i. 230, 24. [O. H. Ger. greifon palpare.]

grápigendlíc; adj. Tangible :-- His líchama wæs grápigendlíc ... he æteówde hine grápigendlícne his body was tangible ... he shewed himself tangible, Homl. Th. i. 230, 25, 26.

grasian to graze :-- Oxan grasiende gesihþ if he sees oxen grazing, Lchdm. iii. 200, 9. [Icel. gresja to graze.]

grátan; pl. Groats, the grain of oats without the husks :-- Nim átena grátan take groats of oats, Lchdm. iii. 292, 24. [Cf. Icel. grautr porridge.]

Greácas. v. Grécas.

GREÁDA, an; m. A bosom; sinus, gremium :-- On Habrahames greádan in sinum Abrahæ, Lk. Skt. 16, 22, 23. Ða ðe beraþ on hira greádum ða á libbendan fatu those who bear in their bosoms the ever-living vessels, Past. 13, 1; Swt. 77, 6; Hat. MS. [Ayenb. greade: Alis. grede.]

GREÁT; adj. Great, large, thick, coarse :-- Græát grossus, Ælfc. Gl. 89; Som. 74, 101; Wrt. Voc. 51, 14. Swá swá greát beám like a great tree, Bt. 38, 2; Fox 198, 9. Æðelword Æðelmæ-acute;res sunu ðæs græ-acute;tan Ethelward son of Ethelmer the great, Chr. 1017; Er1. 16l, 7. Tú hund greátes hláfes and þridde smales two hundred great loaves and a third of small, Th. Chart. 158, 25. God him send ufan greáte hagolstánas God cast down upon them great hailstones, Jos. 10, 11: Cd. 19; Th. 24, 27; Gen. 384. Ða wæ-acute;ron unmetlíce greáte heáhnasse ingenti grossitudine atque altitudine, Nar. 4, 22. Wæ-acute;ron hie swá greáte swá columnan ge eác sume grýttran serpentes columnarum grossitudine aliquantulum proceriores, 14, 15. Greáte swá stæ-acute;nene sweras micle vastitudine columnarum, 36, 12. Mid greátan sealte with coarse salt; cum sale marino, Herb. 37, 5; Lchdm. i. 138, 14. Mid scearpum pílum greátum with sharp and large stakes, Chr. Erl. 5, 10. [Orm. græt: Laym. græt, great: Chauc. gret, greet: O. Sax. grót: O. Frs. grát: O. H. Ger. gróz: Ger. gross.]