This is page 532 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project. Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.) Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary. Click here to search the dictionary. This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers. The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

HÉR-BÚENDE - HERE-LÁF

hér-búende; pl. People living in this world, Cd. 52; Th. 66, 4; Gen. 1079: Judth. 10; Thw. 22, 38; Jud. 96: Bt. Met. Fox 29, 124; Met. 9, 62.

hér-bufan; adv. Here above :-- Swá swá wé æ-acute;r hérbiufan sæ-acute;don on ðisse ilcan béc as we said before above in this same book; sicut in priori hujus voluminis parte jam diximus, Past. 50, 4; Swt. 393, 2.

hér-cyme, es; m. A coming here, coming to this world, advent :-- Þurh ðínne hércyme through thy advent, Exon. 11 b; Th. 16, 8; Cri. 250.

herd. v. heord.

herdan. v. hyrdan.

herde. v. hirde.

HERE; gen. heres, heriges, herges; m. An army, a host, multitude, a large predatory band [it is the word which in the Chronicle is always used of the Danish force in England, while the Egglish troops are always the fyrd], hence the word is used for devastation and robbery :-- Ne dohte hit nú lange inne né úte ac wæs here and hunger bryne and blódgyte it is now long since matters were thriving at home or abroad, but there has been ravaging and famine, burning and bloodshed, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 106, 68. Micel here turba multa, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 14, 14. Here legio, Lk. Skt. Lind. 8, 30: exercitus, 23, 11. Þeófas wé hátaþ óð vii

men from vii. hlóþ óð xxxv siððan biþ here up to seven men we call thieves, from seven to thirty-five a gang, after that it is an army, L. In. 13; Th. i. 110, 14. [Cf. L. In. 15; Th. i. 112, 1, be herige; and L. Alf. 28; Th. i. 52, 2.] Hé gearo wæ-acute;re tó ðæs heres þearfe he would be ready to supply the needs of the Danes, Chr. 874; Erl. 76, 32: 878; Erl. 80, 3. Ðæs heriges hám eft ne com æ-acute;nig tó láfe of that host came no remnant back home, Cd. 167; Th. 209, 30; Exod. 507: Elen. Kmbl. 410; El. 205. Herges, 285; El. 143. On Eást-Englum wurdon monige men ofslægene from ðam herige in East Anglia many men were slain by the Danes, Chr. 838; Erl. 66, 15: Andr. Kmbl. 2397; An. 1200. Herge, Cd. 4; Th. 4, 9; Gen. 51: Beo. Th. 2500; B. 1248. Se ðæm here waldeþ who rules that host, Bt. Met. Fox 25, 30; Met. 25, 15. Sió fierd ðone here gefliémde the English force put the Danish to flight, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 26. Swá oft swá ða óðre hergas mid ealle herige út fóron ðonne fóron hie as often as the other armies marched out in full force then they marched, Erl. 90, 5. Tuelf hergas duodecim legiones, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 26, 53. Hergia[s] agmina, Rtl. 115, 10. Ðý læs æ-acute;fre cweðan óðre þeóda hæ-acute;ðene herigeas nequando dicant in gentibus, Ps. Th. 78, 10: Andr. Kmbl. 1304; An. 652. Herigea mæ-acute;ste with the greatest of hosts, 3001; An. 1503. Herega, Cd. 209; Th. 259, 29; Dan. 699. Heriga, Elen. Kmbl. 295; El. 148. Herga, 230; El. 115. Betwuh ðæ-acute;m twám hergum between the two armies, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 9: Elen. Kmbl. 219; El. 110. Herigum, 811; El. 406. [Laym. Orm. here: Goth. harjis. O. Sax. heri: O. Frs. hiri, here: Icel. herr: O. H. Ger. hari, heri exercitus, agmen: Ger. heer.] DER. æsc-, égor-, flot-, forþ-, gúþ-, inn-, ísern-, sin-, scip-, þeód-, út-, wæl-here.

hére, e; f. Dignity, majesty, greatness :-- Hwæt hiora hére búton se hlísa án what is their greatness but report alone, Bt. Met. Fox 10, 107; Met. 10, 54. The prose, Fox 70, l0, has 'Hwæt is heora nú tó láfe bútan se lytla hlísa and se nama mid feáum stafum áwriten signat superstes fama tenuis pauculis inane nomen litteris.' [O. H. Ger. hére: f. dignitas, majestas, magnitudo: cf. O. H. Ger. hér-tóm dignitas, auctoritas, principatus, Grff. iv. 994: O. Sax. hér-dóm.]

here-beácen, -beácn, es; n. A military ensign, standard; also a beacon, lighthouse :-- Herebeácn farus: upstandende herebeácn pira, Ælfc. Gl. 67; Som. 69, 93, 90; Wrt. Voc. 41, 45, 43. Herebeácen and segnas beforan mé læ-acute;ddon cum signis et vexillis, Nar. 7, 16. [O. H. Ger. heri-pouhan vexillum, signum.]

here-bleáþ; adj. Fearful in fight, timorous :-- Flugon forhtigende woldon herebleáþe hámas findan fearful they fled and shunning the battle would find their homes, Cd. 166; Th. 206, 17; Exod. 453.

here-bróga, an; m. The terror produced by an army or by war, Beo. Th. 928; B. 462.

here-býme, an; f. A war-trumpet, Cd. 147; Th. 183, 29; Exod. 99. [Cf. Icel. her-horn, her-luðr a trumpet: O. H. Ger. heri-, her-horn classicum, tuba.]

here-byrne, an; f. A war-corslet, Beo. Th. 2890; B. 1443. [Laym. here-burne.]

here-cirm, es; m. A war-shout, shout raised by a host, Exon. 45 b; Th. 156, 9; Gú. 872.

here-cumbol, -combol, es; m. A military signal :-- Wordum and bordum hófon herecombol with shouts and shields they raised the war-signal, Elen. Kmbl. 49; El. 25. Cf.[?] Tacitus, Germania c. 3: 'As their line shouts, they inspire or feel alarm. It is not so much an articulate sound, as a general cry of valour. They aim chiefly at a harsh note and a confused roar, putting their shields to their mouths, so that, by reverberation, it may swell into a fuller and deeper sound.' [Icel. her-kuml a war-token, arms on shields or helmets.]

here-cyst, -cist, e; f. A warlike troop, Cd. 151; Th. 188, 32; Exod. 177: 156; Th. 194, 7; Exod. 257: 158; Th. 197, 3; Exod. 301.

here-draca, an; A war-drake, an arrow :-- Herdracan, Hickes' Thes. p. 192. [Cf. hilde-nædre.]

here-feld,es; m. A field, battle-field, Elen. Kmbl. 537; El. 269: 251; El. 126: Andr. Kmbl. 19; An. 10: 35; An. 18.

here-feoh; gen. -feós; n. Booty :-- Eal ðæt herefeoh forléton prædam amiserunt, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 118, 5.

here-féða, an; m. A martial band, Exon. 22 b; Th. 63, 1; Cri. 1013.

here-fléma, an; m. One who flees from battle, Chr. 937 ; Erl. 112, 23; Æðelst. 23.

here-folc, es; n. People forming an army, Judth. 11; Thw. 24, 40; Jud. 234. [O. Frs. hiri-folk: Icel. her-fólk men of war.]

here-fong, es; m. An osprey; ossifragus, Wrt. Voc. 280, 6.

Here-ford, es; m. Hereford :-- Ða men of Hereforda the men from Hereford, Chr. 918; Erl. 102, 31.

here-fugol, es; m. A bird which attends an army, eagle, vulture, raven, Cd. 150; Th. 188, 2; Exod. 161. v. earn, hrefn.

here-gang, es; m. An irruption, attack by an army :-- Tó wiðscúfanne swá réþum heregange ad repellendas tam feras inruptiones, Bd. 1, 14; S. 482, 37, MS. B. [Laym. hire-&yogh;eong: Gen. and Ex. heregong military expedition: O. Frs. hiri-, heri-gong an attack: cf. Icel. her-ganga; f. a march.]

heregeat-land, es; n. Heriot-land, Chart. Th. 546, 37.

here-geatu; gen. -geatwe; f. I. military equipment :-- Hí willaþ eów tó gafole gáras syllan æ-acute;ttrynne ord and ealde sword ða heregeatu ðe eów æt hilde ne deáh they will give you as tribute spears, the poisoned point and the swords they inherit, equipment for war that will not profit you in battle, Byrht. Th. 133, 10; By. 48. Heregeatewa, MS. A: heregeatowe, B. wægeþ it bears arms, Salm. Kmbl. 106; Sal. 52. Ða beóþ mid gyldenum hyltsweordum and mid manigfealdum heregeatwum gehyrste septos tristibus armis, Bt. 37, 1; Fox 186, 6: Bt. Met. Fox 25, 17; Met. 25, 9. II. as a technical term, heriot. The amount of the heriot for various ranks is given L. C. S. 72; Th. i. 414, 4-20; further mention is also made in L. C. S. 71; Th. i. 412, 26-414, 2: 74; Th. i. 416, 3-18: 79; Th. i. 420, 13-17. The word also occurs in the following passages in wills, Chart. Th. 499. 29: 512, 16: 540, 5; 550, 28: 573, 3. For the origin and nature of the heriot see Stubbs' Const. Hist. s.v. Kemble's Saxons in England, ii. 98. [Cf. Grmm. R. A. 372-3.]

heregend-líc. v. herigend-líc.

here-gild, es; n. A war-tax, the Danegild, tax to support an army :-- Hér wæs ðet heregeold gelæ-acute;st ðæt wæ-acute;ron xxi þúsend punda and xcix punda in this year the Danegild was paid, it was twenty-one thousand and ninety-nine pounds, Chr. 1040; Erl. 167, 23. Swá fela sýðe swa menn gyldaþ heregyld oððe tó scipgylde quotiens populus universus persolvit censum Danis, vel ad naves seu ad arma, Chart. Th. 307, 23. Scotfré fram heregeld free from payment of the war-tax, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iv. 224, 20.

here-gríma, an; m. A helmet, Beo. Th. 797; B. 396: 4104; B. 2049: 5203; B. 2605.

heregung. v. hergung.

here-hand, a; f. A hostile hand or power :-- Swá ðæt ne cyricum ne mynstrum seó herehand ne sparode ne árode ita ut ne ecclesiis quidem, aut monasteriis manus parceret hostilis, Bd. 4, 26; S. 602, 8.

here-hlóþ, e; f. A hostile troop, Exon. 48 a; Th. 166, 13; Gú. 1042.

here-hýþ, -húþe, e; f. Spoil, booty, plunder :-- Hér wæs mycel herehúþe [herehýþe, MS. C.] ðæ-acute;r genumen in this year much spoil was taken at Bamborough, Chr, 993; Erl. 133, 2. Hé his ðone feórþan dæ-acute;l and ðære herehýþe for Gode gesealde quartam partem ejus et prædæ Domino daret, Bd. 4, 16; S. 584, 10. Hiera heres ðone mæ-acute;stan dæ-acute;l hám sendon mid hiora herehýþe præcipuam exercitus sui partem onustam præda domum revocant, Ors. 1, 10; Swt. 46, 21. Mid ðære herehýþe [herehúþe, MS. E.], Chr. 885; Erl. 82, 30. Ða mycele herehúþe tó scipon brohton they brought the great booty to the ships, 1001; Erl. 137, 15. Ða herehýhþ ðe on helle genumen hæfde the spoil that he had taken in hell, Blickl. Homl. 89, 33. Genimon myccle herehýþ to take great spoil, 95. 2. Ymbe ða herehúþe hlemmeþ tógædre grimme góman on the prey he snaps together his fierce jaws, Exon. 97 b; Th. 363, 29; Wal. 61. Ðone here gefliémde and ða herehýþ áhreddon put the Danes to flight and rescued the spoils, Chr. 894; Erl. 90, 26. [O. H. Ger. heri-hunda, -hunta preda.]

here-láf, e; f. The remnant of an army or people, what is left of an army after a battle, what is left after a battle, spoil :-- Se Chaldéa cyning com tó his earde mid ðære húþe and ðære hereláfe on ðære wæs Daniel se wítega and ða þrí cnihtas the king of Chaldea came to his country with the spoil and the remnant of the people, among which was the prophet Daniel and the three children, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 68, 380, 392. Gúþrum se hæ-acute;ðene king twelf dages hér on lande wunede and syððan gewende mid his hereláfe tó his ágenen earde Guthrum the heathen king stopped twelve days in this land and afterwards returned with what remained of his army to his own country, Shrn. 17, 8. Þurh gítsunge wearþ beswicen Sawl se cyning ðá ðá him leófran wæ-acute;ron ða forbodenan hereláfa ðonne Godes willa through avarice was king Saul betrayed when he preferred the forbidden spoils of the host [of the Amalekites, v. 1 Sam. xv. 9] to the will of God, Basil. admn. 9; Norm. 54, 8. Costontinus ne Ánláf mid heora hereláfum hlehhan ne þorftun not Constantine nor Anlaf, with the remnants of their forces, had cause for laughing, Chr. 937; Erl. 114, 13; Æðelst. 47.