This is page 718 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

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NÍD-BRÝCE - NÍDNESS

níd-brýce, es ; m. Necessary use, requirement, need :-- Ðá wolde se hálga sum hús timbrian tó his nédbrícum, Homl. Th. ii. 144, 31.

níd-bysig; adj. Troubled by distresses :-- Ðæ-acute;r (in hell) ðú (the devil) nýdbysig fore oferhygdum eard gesóhtes, Exon. Th. 267, 31 ; Jul. 423.

níd-bysigu, -bysgu ; f. Distress, trouble :-- Nýdbysgum neáh, Exon. Th. 354, 11 ; Reim. 44.

níd-clamm, -clomm, es; m. Necessity, need, distress :-- Of neád-clammum heora hé álæ-acute;dde de necessitatibus eorum eduxit, Ps. Lamb. 106, 28.

níd-cleofa, -clafa (?), an ; m. A prison :-- Ðæt hine man of nearwe and of nýdcleofan fram ðam engan hofe up forléte, Elen. Kmbl. 1419 ; El. 711. In nédcleofan nearwe geheaðrod, 2249; El. 1276. Ðá wæs carcernes duru behliden . . . symle heó wuldorcyning herede in ðam nýdclafan, Exon. Th. 256, 31 ; Jul. 240. v. next word.

níd-cofa, an; m. A prison :-- Se hálga wæs læ-acute;ded in ðæt dimme ræced, sceal ðonne in neádcofan nihtlange fyrst wunian, Andr. Kmbl. 2619; An. 1311.

níd-costing, e ; f. A distressing trial, affliction :-- Nearwum genæ-acute;ged nýdcostingum, Exon. Th. 171. 14; Gú. 1126.

níd-dæ-acute;da, an ; m. One who does something under compulsion :-- Gif hé æfter sunnan upgonge ðis déþ (kills the housebreaker), hé biþ mansleges scyldig, and hé ðonne self swelte, búton hé niéddæ-acute;da (nýd-, MS. H.) wæ-acute;re (unless he were forced to do it in self-defence), L. Alf. 25; Th. i. 50, 21. Cf. Se ðe hine nédes ofslóge oððe unwillum oððe ungewealdes, 13; Th. i. 46, 22. v. níd-wyrhta.

níde, neáde, neóde, níde, niéde, nýde ; adv. (a case of níd, q. v.). I. of necessity, as a natural, inevitable consequence, from force of circumstances :-- Gif gé neáde swá dón sceolon (si sic necesse est), dóþ swá gé wyllon, Gen. 43, 11. Wegférende móton for neóde mete neáde ferian and for unfriþe man mót freólsæ-acute;fenan nýde fulfaran betweonan Eferwíc, and six míla gemete travellers may, when compelled by circumstances, carry food to supply their needs; and on account of war, a man may, on the eve of a festival, when compelled by circumstances, travel between York and a distance of six miles, L. N. P. L. 56; Th. ii. 298, 25-27. Forðamðe wé witon ðæt án wealdend is eallra þinga wé sceolon beón néde geþafan (we must inevitably assent to the conclusion) ðæt hé síe se héhsta hróf eallra góda, Bt. 34, 12 ; Fox 154, 7. Ðes middangeard néde (as the result of natural, inevitable laws) on ðás eldo endian sceal, Blickl. Homl. 117, 35. Wæs his fæder cininges þegna aldorman. Ðá sceolde Sanctus Martinus néde (as an inevitable result) beón on his geógoþháde on ðære geféræ-acute;denne cininges þegna, 211, 22. Niéde sceal bión gebrocen ðæt mód ðara hiéremonna, gif se láreów ágiémleásaþ ðæt hé hiera útan ne helpe, Past. 18 ; Swt. 137, 13 : Ors. 5, 2 ; Swt. 218, 20. Ðæ-acute;r ðæ-acute;r ðú neóde irsian scyle, gemetiga ðæt ðeáh, Prov. Kmbl. 24. Hit is on worulde swá leng swá wyrse, and swá hit sceal nýde æ-acute;r Antecristes tócyme yfelian swíðe, Wulfst. 156, 4 : 157, 8. II. of necessity, because a law, natural, moral or human, is to be satisfied :-- Ðis sceal se mæssepreóst néde bebeódan the priest is bound by his duty to proclaim this, Blickl. Homl. 49, 6. Ðone andleofan ðe hé néde big lifgean sceolde (the provision that nature required), 213, 20. Ðás béc sceal mæssepreóst néde habban (these books are indispensable), and hé ne mæg bútan beón, L. Ælfc. C. 21 ; Th. ii. 350, 15. Niéde hé sceolde him forgyfan ánne (custom required it), Lk. 23, 17. III. from force, under compulsion, without free-will :-- Nán nyle onginnan ðæt ðæt hé nele, búton hé néde scyle (unless he is forced), Bt. 36, 3; Fox 176, 9 : 41, 4; Fox 252, 3. Sceal néde riht wyrcean se ðe æ-acute;r nolde, L. O. D. 3 ; Th. i. 354, 9. Néde oððe lustum héran, Met. 9, 44. Niéde sceoldon gombon gieldan, Cd. Th. 119, l0; Gen. 1977. v. next word.

nídes; adv. Of necessity, not willingly :-- Se ðe hine nédes (nýdes, MS. G.) ofslóge, L. Alf. 13 ; Th. i. 46, 22. v. níd-dæ-acute;da and preceding word.

níd-, nýd-fara, an ; m. One who journeys under compulsion, who is forced to march, Cd. Th. 191, 1 ; Exod. 208. v. next word and nídgenga, -dæ-acute;da.

níd-faru, e ; f. A journey one is forced to take, death :-- Fore there neidfaerae naenig uuirthit thoncsnotturra than him tharf sié, Archaeologia, vol. xxviii. p. 357. v. níd-gedál.

níd-freónd, es; m. One closely connected by relationship or friendship :-- Hé wæs pápan æ-acute;hte bifealden Enagrius his neódfreóndes, Shrn. 36, 4. [O. H. Ger. nót-friunt ; pl. necessarii.] v. níd-gestealla, -mæ-acute;g.

níd-gafol, es ; n. A tax that must be paid, tribute :-- Nédgaefel ðæm cásere tributum Caesari, Mt. Kmbl. p. 18, 2. Ymbe ðæt neádgafol úres Drihtnes, ðæt sýn úre teóþunga and cyricsceattas, L. Edg. S.; Th. i. 270, 26, 13. v. níd-gild.

níd-gedál, es; n. An inevitable parting, the parting of body and soul :-- Nis nú swíðe feor ðam ýtemestan endedógor nýdgedáles, Exon. Th. 172, 9; Gú. 1141. Se Dryhtnes dóm wísade tó ðam nýhstan nýdgedále, 129, 5 ; Gú. 416. Þurh nýdgedál, 158, 9; Gú. 906.

níd-genga, an; m. One who is forced to go or one who goes in misery :-- Nacod nídgenga (Nebuchadnezzar), Cd. Th. 255, 32 ; Dan. 633. v. níd-fara.

níd-gestealla, an ; m. One who is closely bound to another by the ties of comradeship :-- Hié á wæ-acute;ron æt níða gehwam nýdgesteallan, Beo. Th. 1769; B. 882. v. níd-freónd.

níd-geweald, es ; n. Power that is forcibly exercised or that causes distress, tyranny :-- Of deófles nýdgewalde genered, Exon. Th. 89, 2 ; Cri. 1451.

níd-gewuna, an ; m. A necessary, suitable custom (v. néd, IV) :-- Neádgewuna debitus usus, i. congruus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 139, 72.

níd-gild, es ; n. Enforced payment, tribute, exaction :-- Scandlíce nýdgild ús sind gemæ-acute;ne, Wulfst. 162, 11. [Icel. nauð-gjald.] v. níd-gafol.

níd-gilda, an; m. One who is forced to pay :-- Neádgilda debitor i. obnoxius, reus, Writ. Voc. ii. 139, 74.

níd-gripe (?) a violent grasp :-- Hyne (Grendel) sár hafaþ in níd-gripe (MS. mid gripe; Th. níþgripe) nearwe befongen, Beo. Th. 1956; B. 976.

níd-hád, es; m. Force, compulsion :-- Neádháde vim, Wrt. Voc. ii. 72. 54.

níd-, néd-, niéd-, nýd-hæ-acute;med, es; n. Rape, L. Alf. pol. 25, 26; Th. i. 78, 11-18.

níd-hæ-acute;mestre, an; f. A woman who has been violated, a mistress :-- Nédhæ-acute;mestran amatricis, Hpt. Gl. 509, 70.

níd-hæ-acute;s, e; f. A command which is attended by compulsion :-- Man for cyning gebidde and hine búton neádhæ-acute;se heora willum weorðigen let people pray for the king, and honour him without injunction, of their own accord, L. Wih. 1 ; Th. i. 36, 16.

níd-help; m. f. Help in need, needful help :-- On wísum scrifte biþ swíðe forþ gelang forsyngodes mannes nýdhelp, L. Pen. 1 ; Th. ii. 278, 3.

níd-hírness, e; f. Enforced obedience, servitude :-- In nédhérnesse ic bégo in servitutem redigo, Rtl. 6, 9.

niding. v. neádung and next word.

nídinga (-unga) ; adv. By force, against a person's will :-- Nédunga violenti, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 11, 12. Ðý læs nédunga genom Crist menn ne raperet Christus homines, Rtl. 197, 35. Woldon hine dón niédenga (nídenga, Cott. MSS.) tó cyninge, Past. 3, 1 ; Swt. 33, 14. Ðá tugon heó hine nýdinga of ðam mynstre illum invitum monasterio duxerunt, Bd. 3, 18; S. 546, 22. Gif hwá mæ-acute;den nýdinga nimþ si quis puellam invitam ceperit, L. Ecg. P. ii. 130 ; Th. ii. 186, 20. v. neádunga, nídlinga.

-nídla, -nýdlíc. v. þreá-nídla, -nídlíc.

nýrd-líce. v. neód-líce.

nídling, es; m. I. one who serves of necessity, a slave, bondman :-- Gif ðú fioh tó borge selle ðínum geféran ðe mid ðé eardian wille, ne niéde ðú hine swá niédling (MS. H. nýdling), L. Alf. 35 ; Th. i. 52, 22. Hié on cnihtháde wæ-acute;ron óðerra manna niédlingas in youth they had been the bondmen of others, Ors. 2, 2 ; Swt. 66, 17. Se æðeling bebeád ðæt hié ða consulas and witan him beforan drifen swá swá niédlingas, ðæt heora bismer ðý máre wæ-acute;re, 3, 8 ; Swt. 122, 7. Hý ealle tó nýdlingum him gedydon, 1, 5 ; Swt. 34. 34. Wæterberere oððe nédlungum lixarum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 52, 73. II. one who has to serve on board ship, a sailor :-- Nédling nauta; nédlingas nauticos, 60, 30, 29. Ðá ongunnon ða nýdlingas and ða scypmen ða ancras on ðone sæ-acute; sendan woldon ðæt scyp mid gefæstnian tentabant navitae anchoris in mare missis navem retinere, Bd. 3, 15; S. 541, 40.

nídlinga; adv. By force, against a person's will :-- Gif hwá mæ-acute;den nýdlinga nimþ si quis puellam invitam ceperit, L. Ecg. P. ii. 13 ; Th. ii. 186, 20 note. v. neádlunga.

níd-mæ-acute;g, es; m. A near kinsman, a cousin :-- Iohannes úres Dritenes nýdmæ-acute;g, L. Ælfc. P. 9; Th. ii. 366, 37. v. níd-máge, -freónd, -sibb; and cf. Icel. nauð-maðr a near kinsman.

níd-mægen, es ; n. Force, violence :-- Nédmægn vim, Rtl. 117, 25.

níd-máge, an ; f. A near kinswoman, a cousin :-- Æ-acute;fre ne geweorðe ðæt cristen man gewífige on ðæs wífes nýdmágan ðe hé æ-acute;r hæfde, L. Eth. vi. 12; Th. i. 318, 16. Nédmágan, L. C. E. 7 ; Th. i. 364, 24. v. níd-mæ-acute;g.

níd-micel; adj. Very important, urgent :-- Nédmycel (medmycel, MS. B.) æ-acute;rende wé ðider habbaþ, and ús is þearf ðæt wé hit gefyllon, St. Andr. 6, 20.

níd-næ-acute;m, e ; f. A taking by force, rapine :-- Næ-acute;nigum biscope álýfed sí ówiht of heora æ-acute;htum þurh nýdnæ-acute;me him on geniman (violenter abstrahere), Bd. 4. 5 ; S. 572. 36. Gif hwá binnan ðám gemæ-acute;rum úres ríces reáflác and niédnæ-acute;me dó, L. In. 10; Th. i. 108, 9. [Cf. O. H. Ger. nót-numft violentia, rapina.] v. next word.

níd-næ-acute;man; p. de To take by force, to force a woman, to ravish :-- Gif hwá nunnan gewemme oððe wydewan nýdnæ-acute;me, L. Eth. vi. 39; Th. i. 324, 25 : L. C. S. 53; Th. i. 406, 2, 3. v. níd-niman.

nídness, e ; f. Necessity :-- Ðeáhhwæðere mid nýdnysse hire man mót lýfan ðæt heó mid ðam sig tametsi si necesse est, licet viro ejus ei permittere secum esse, L. Ecg. C. 33; Th, ii. 158, 10.