This is page 719 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

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NÍD-NIMA - NIFT

níd-nima, an ; m. One who takes by force :-- Nédniomu violenti, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 11, 12. Nédnioma (-niomo, Lind.) raptores, Lk. Skt. Rush. 18, 11. [Cf. O. H. Ger. nót-nemo rapidus; nót-numeo raptor.]

níd-niman; pp. -numen To take by force, ravish :-- Ðeáh heó nýdnumen (neád-, MS. B.) weorðe, þolige ðæra æ-acute;hta, búton heó fram ðam ceorle wille eft hám ongeán and næ-acute;fre eft his ne weorðe, L. C. S. 74 Th. i. 416, 13. v. níd-nimung, -næ-acute;man.

níd-nimu (?), e; f. A taking by force, rapine :-- Fulle sint nédnima (-nimende, Rush.) pleni sunt rapina, Mt. Kmbl. 23. 25. Full is mið nédnime, Lk. Skt. Rush. 11, 39. Nédnioma rapinam, Rtl. 21, 18. v. níd-næ-acute;m.

níd-nimung, e; f. A taking by force, rapine :-- Wífa nýdnimung stuprum, raptum, Wrt. Voc. i. 21, 32. Full is mið nédnimincg plenum est rapina, Lk. Skt. Lind. 11, 39.

níd-riht, es ; n. (v. níd, III). I. a duty that must be performed, service, office; officium, debitum :-- Nédreht debitum, Rtl. 89, 26. God-cund þeówdóm is gesett on cyriclícum þénungum æfter canoneclícan gewunan tó niédrihte eallum gehádedum mannum. On æ-acute;lcne tíman man sceal God herian ... Ac ðeáhhwæðere sindon gesette tíman synderlíce tó ðam ánum, ðæt gif hwá for bisgan oftor ne mæ-acute;ge, ðæt hé húru ðæt niédriht dæghwamlíce gefylle, Btwk. 194, 3-8. II. a due, what must be paid :-- Eallum æ-acute;htemannum gebyreþ midwintres feorm and Eástorfeorm ... tóeácan heora nýdrihte, L. R. S. 9 ; Th. i. 438, 2. v. next word.

níd-scyld, e; f. Bounden duty :-- Sóna swá hé tó ðære áre cymþ, swá þyncþ him ðæt se hié him niédscylde sceolde se se hié him sealde as soon as he comes to the honour, it seems to him that he who gave it him was bound to grant it as a matter of right; repente perveniens jure sibi hoc debitum, ad quod pervenerit, putat, Past. 9; Swt. 57, 6. v. preceding word.

níd-sibb, e; f. Relationship :-- Neádsibba necessitudinum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 61, 15. v. níd-mæ-acute;g.

níd-syn[n] (?), e; f. A sin of violence :-- Hú ic becwom in ðis neowle genip nídsynnum (MS. mid synnum : Grein, níþsynnum) fáh, Cd. Th. 275, 32; Sat. 180.

níd-syndrig; adj. Quite apart (?) :-- Hí sylfe ða munecas næ-acute;dsyndrige (monachos) seipsos, Cod. Dip. B. i. 154, 12.

níd-þearf, e; f. I. necessity, inevitableness :-- Sum hit sceal geweorþan unáwendendlíce, ðæt biþ ðætte úre nýdþearf (néd-, Cott. MS.) biþ, and his willa biþ. Ac hit is sum swá gerád ðæt his nis nán neódþearf (néd-, Cott. MS.), and ðeáh ne deraþ nó ðeáh hit geweorþe, Bt. 41, 3 ; Fox 250, 1-4. II. necessity, constraint :-- Ðé nán neódþearf ne læ-acute;rde tó wyrcanne ðæt ðæt ðú worhtest, ac mid ðínum ágenum willan ðú ealle þing geworhtest, 33, 4 ; Fox 128, 11. III. need (for something) :-- Nis him nánes þinges nédþearf, 42; Fox 258, 8. Him biþ nídþearf (niéd-, Cott. MSS.) ðæt hé fleó, Past. 21 ; Swt. 167, 16. Is suíðe micel niédþearf ðæt ... , Swt. 159, 2. Ðé heora nán nýdþerf nis eft on mé tó nimene bonorum meorum non eges, Ps. Th. 15, 1. Nédþearf, Met. 20, 20. Mycel is nýdþearf manna gehwylcum ðæt ..., Wulfst. 157, 10. Hé wæs fram him eallum áræfned fore nýdþearfe his úttran weorca (ob necessitatem operum ipsius exteriorum), Bd. 5, 14; S. 634, 13. Him nánes ne biþ wana, ne hé nánes neódþearfe næfþ, Bt. 24, 1 ; Fox 80, 22. Wé habbaþ nédþearfe ðæt wé ongyton, Blickl. Homl. 23, 1 : 81, 36. IV. a necessary thing, what a person needs :-- Wuhta gehwylc wilnaþ tó eorþan, sume nédþearfe (cf. ealle ðider (earthwards) willniaþ ... ðæs ðe hí beþurfon, Bt. 41, 6 ; Fox 254, 29) sume neódfræce, Met. 31, 15. Hé wirþ swá earm ðæt hé næfþ furþum ða neódþearfe áne (fit ut necessariis egeat), ðæt is wist and wæ-acute;da ; wilnaþ ðonne ðære neádþearfe, næs ðæs anwealdes, Bt. 33, 2; Fox 124, 15-18. Seó gítsung ne cann gemet, ne næ-acute;fre ne biþ gehealden on ðære nídþearfe, ac wilnaþ simle máran ðonne hé þurfe, 26, 2 ; Fox 94, 6. Se cyning his láreówum sealde heora nýdþearfe on missenlícum æ-acute;htum (necessarias in diversis speciebus possessiones), Bd. 1, 26; S. 488, 20. V. need, distress, trouble :-- Hwí noldest ðú cuman tó ús tó ðære tíde ðe ús nýdþearf wæs quid recessisti longe in tribulatione? Ps. Th. 9, 20. Ðæt gé mé ne forseón on ðisse mycclan nédþearfe tíde, Blickl. Homl. 151, 23. Gedó ðæt ðú mé gefriðie æt mínre nýdþearfe de necessitatibus meis eripe me, Ps. Th. 24, 15. Fylston eów æt nýdþearfe in necessitate vos protegant, Deut. 32, 38. Seldon bútan máran nýdþearfe (praeter arctiorem necessitatem) má ðonne æ-acute;ne síþe on dæge ðæt heó wolde mete þicgan, Bd. 4, 19 ; S. 588, 11. VI. a necessary business :-- Ðá cwæ-acute;don hí ðæt hí wæ-acute;ron on heora nýdþearfum swýðe geswencte, Guthl. 14; Gdwin. 64. 3. [O. H. Ger. nót-duruft necessitas, necessarium : Ger. noth-durft.] v. níd and next word.

níd-þearf; adj. Necessary, needful :-- Ys cræft mín behéfe þearle eów and neódþearf est ars mea utilis valde vobis et necessaria, Coll. Monast. Th. 27, 27: 29, 17. Is eallum mannum nédþearf and nytlíc ðæt hié heora fulwihthádas wel gehealdan, Blickl. Homl. 109, 25. Behóflíc &l-bar; nédþarf necessarius, Mk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 11, 3. Án is nédþarf &l-bar; behóflíc unum est necessarium, Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 10, 42. Nédþærfo tído ymbhuoerfnise undercymende necessaria temporum vicissitudine succedente, Rtl. 37, 35. Habban góde geféran and þearle neódþearfe (necessarios), Coll. Monast. Th. 29, 31. v. preceding word and nídþearfness.

nídþearf-líc; adj. Necessary, needful, useful :-- Neádþearflíc operae pretium, Hpt. Gl. 433. 25 : 506, 29 : operae pretium, necessarium, utile, justum, 499, 78 : debitum, necessarium, 424, 51. Is swýðe nýdþearflíc (necessaria) gesceád, Bd. 1, 27 ; S. 496, 35. Gif ic síe ðínum folce nédþearflíc tó hæbbene, Blickl. Homl. 225, 26. Bútan tó his neódþearflícre þénunge nisi ad usum necessarium, Bd. 2, 16; S. 520, 8. Be monigum sócnum ða ðe him nýdþearflíce (necessariae) gesewen wæ-acute;ron, 1, 27; S. 488, 33. Ða þing ðe heora andlyfene nédþearflíco gesawen wæ-acute;ron, 1, 26; S. 487, 35. Nýdþearflícu, 5, 9 ; S. 622, 26 : 4, 3 ; S. 567, 31. Be ðám nýdþearflícan þingum, intingum, Bd. 1, 27; S. 488, 24 : 2, 4 ; S. 505, 30. Neádþearflícum gestreónum debito emolumento, Hpt. Gl. 432, 69. Ða nédþearflícan hús, Bd. 4, 28; S. 605, 25.

nídþearflíce; adv. Necessarily :-- Nédþearflíce (níd-, nýd-, neád-) necessario, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 41, 37.

nídþearfness, e; f. I. necessity, compulsion :-- Mid rihtre nýdþearfnysse gebæ-acute;ded justa necessitate compulsus, Bd. 2, 2 ; S. 502, 27. II. necessity, need (for something) :-- Mycel nýdþearfnys is ðæt ðæt gesceád ... necessaria est magna discretio, 1, 27; S. 497, 17. III. need, trouble, distress :-- Wæs biddende ðætte hé on swá mycelre neódþearfnysse his bigengum gehulpe deprecatus est ut in tanta rerum necessitate suis cultoribus succurreret, 3, 2 ; S. 524, 15 : Cant. M. ad fil. 38. Of nédþearfnessum de necessitatibus, Ps. Surt. 30, 8 : 24, 17. On neádþearfnessum in opportunitatibus, Ps. Lamb. second 9, 1. Nýdþearfnyssum, Ps. Spl. C. 106, 6. Ymb heora nédþearfnesse in necessitatibus suis, Bd. 4, 23; S. 594, 1.

níd-þeów, es; m. A slave, thrall :-- Wé ðé, Hæ-acute;lend, biddaþ ðæt ðú gehýre hæfta stefne ðínra niédþiówa, Exon. Th. 22, 33; Cri. 361. Ne derige se hláford his mannum, ne forðan his nýdþeówan, L. I. P. 7; Th. ii. 314, 3. v. next word.

níd-þeówetling, es; m. One who is forced into slavery (for an unsatisfied claim) :-- Hér kýð on ðissere béc ðæt Ælfríc wolde þeówian Putraele him tó nýdþeówetlinge (the enslavement was abandoned at the intercession of Bora, Ælfric's brother, on payment to Ælfric of eight oxen; Bora received sixty pence for his mediation), Chart. Th. 628, 11-26.

níd-þeówian; p. ode To reduce to servitude, to compel service from :-- Gif man cirican nýdþeówige (cf æ-acute;nig man heonan forþ cirican ne þeówige, L. Eth. v. 10; Th. i. 306, 27 : vi. 15; Th. i. 318, 26), L. N. P. L. 21 ; Th. ii. 294, 1.

níd-þing, es; n. A necessary thing :-- Ealra neádþinga hé (the monk) sceal hihtan and wilnigan fram his mynstres fæder (the abbot), R. Ben. 57, 3.

níd-wædla, an; m. A needy person :-- Ðú scealt on wræc hweorfan nacod niédwædla, neorxna wanges dugeþum bedæ-acute;led, Cd. Th. 57,16; Gen. 929.

níd-wís; adj. Necessary, due :-- Lof neádwís laus debita, Hy. Surt. 49. 29. Neádþearflíc &l-bar; neádwís debitum, necessarium, Hpt. Gl. 424, 52. Swá swá se líchama biþ ontend þurh unálýfede lustas, swá eác byrnþ seó sáwul þurh neádwís wíte, Homl. Th. ii. 338, 19. Neádwísum &l-bar; neád-þearflícum gestreónum debito emolumento, Hpt. Gl. 432, 68. Þances hit ágylde neadwíse grates rependat debitas, Hy. Surt. 27, 21. Loft neádwíse laudes debitas, 86, 33. v. níd, III.

nídwíslíce; adv. Of necessity :-- Hé sylf wæs ðære hálgan æ-acute; underþeód, ðæt hé ða álýsde ðe neádwíslíce ðære æ-acute; underþeódde wæ-acute;ron, Homl. Th. i. 94, 16.

nídwísness, e; f. Necessity :-- Neádwísnysse debitum, Hpt. Gl. 462, 69.

níd-wraca, an; m. One who is forced to be an avenger, who avenges an affront :-- Gif æ-acute;nig gilda hwilcne man ofstleá, and hé neádwraca sí, and his bismer béte, fylste æ-acute;lc gegylda, Chart. Th. 611, 29. v. níd-dæ-acute;da, -fara.

níd-wracu, e; f. Violence, misery caused by violence :-- Wæs ðæt gewin láð and longsum, ðe on ða leóde becom, nýdwracu níþgrim, nihtbealwa mæ-acute;st, Beo. Th. 388; B. 193. Hyne God wolde nergan wið níþum, and hyra nýdwræce deópe déman, Exon. Th. 135, 17; Gú. 525.

níd-wyrhta, an ; m. One who acts from necessity, an involuntary agent :-- Se ðe nýdwyrhta biþ ðæs ðe hé misdéþ, se biþ ðý beteran dómes symle wyrðe, ðe hé nýdwyrhta wæs ðæs ðe hé worhte, L. Eth. vi. 52; Th. i. 328, 23-25. On mænigre dæ-acute;de ðonne man biþ nýdwyrhta, ðonne biþ se gebeorges ðé bet wyrðe ðe hé for neóde dyde ðæt ðæt hé dyde, L. C. S. 69; Th. i. 412, 12-14. v. níd-dæ-acute;da.

niéd, niéten. v. níd, níten.

nifol. v. neowol.

nift, e ; f. A niece, grand-daughter, or a step-daughter :-- Nift privigna, filia sororis, Ep. Gl. 18 b, 6. Nift privigna, Wrt. Voc. ii. 117, 80. Seó wæs nift ðæs hína ealdres (neptem patris families), Bd. 3, 9; S. 534, 5. Ic an míne láuedy half marc goldes an míne nifte ánn óre wichte goldes, Chart. Th. 556, 27. [Prompt. Parv. nypte, nifte neptis; nypt, broderys douter lectis : Rebecca was forð nefte (great niece) of Abraham, Gen. a. Ex. 1386 : O. Frs. nift niece : Icel. nipt a female relative, sister, daughter, niece : O. H. Ger. nift neptis, privigna.] Cf. nefa.