This is page 1048 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)
This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.
Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.
This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.
The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.
ÞENNING - ÞEÓDEN
þenning, e; f. Stretching, extension :-- Be Cristes earm[a] þenninge and his honda on róde, Anglia xi. 172, last line.
þénsum, þénung, þeó. v. ge-þénsum, þegnung, se.
þeód, e; f. I. a nation, people :-- Ðeóð winþ ongén þeóde consurget gens in gentem, Mt. Kmbl. 24, 7. Of ðám frumgárum folc áwæcniaþ, þeód unmæ-acute;te, Cd. Th. 138, 15; Gen. 2292. Eást-Engla cyning and. seó þeód gesóhte Ecgbryht cyning, Chr. 823; Erl. 62, 24. Eal seó þeód ðe on Eást-Englum beóþ, L. A. G. prm.; Th. i. 152, 3. Myrcena ðeód onféng fulluht, Lchdm. iii. 430, 21. Ðeós þeód (the Jews), Elen. Kmbl. 934; El. 468. Ðá wæs þeód (the citizens of Mermedonia; cf. burhwaru, 2189; An. 1096) gesamnod, Andr. Kmbl. 2198; An. 1100. Cham ys fæder ðære Cananéiscre þeóde, Gen. 9, 18. Ðæ-acute;r wæs micel unþuæ-acute;rnes ðære þeóde (the Northumbrians) betweox him selfum, Chr. 867; Erl. 72, 8. Mid ðæ-acute;m ieldstan witum mínre þeóde, L. In. prm.; Th. i. 102, 6. Þióde aldor, Dauid, Ps. C. 146. In lond ðara ðeáde in regionem Gerasenorum, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 8, 28. Hér Édwine kyning wæs gefulwad mid his þeóde, Chr. 627; Erl. 24, 2. Ic déme ða þeóde (gentem, the Egyptians), Gen. 15, 14. Clæ-acute;nsie man ða þeóde, L. E. G. ii; Th. i. 174, 2. Ealla óðræ Cristnæ ðióda, Past. pref.; Swt. 7, 5. Of ðám frumgárum twá þeóda (the Moabites and the Ammonites) áwócon, Cd. Th. 158, 11; Gen. 2615. Þeóda gentes, Ps. Th. 65, 7. Þeóde, 78, 1: 113, 10. Manegra þeóda fæder pater multarum gentium, Gen. 17, 4. Ofer þeóda gehwylce, Beo. Th. 3414; B. 1705. Drihten, ðeóda waldend, Cd. Th. 238, 27; Dan. 361. Eardas rúme Meotud áræ-acute;rde for moncynne, efenfela þeóda and þeáwa (i.e. each people has its own customs), Exon. Th. 334, 18; Gn. Ex. 18. Ðiéda gentium, Ps. Surt. 17, 44: ii. p. 192, 17. On ðeódum inter gentes, Ps. Th. 107, 3. Ofer ealle þeóde super gentes, 65, 6. Hí þreátiaþ ymbsittenda óþra þeóda, Met. 25, 14. Læ-acute;raþ ealle þeóda docete omnes gentes, Mt. Kmbl. 28, 19. I a. where the general term is used, but only a part of the people is actually concerned :-- Sió þeód geseah in Hierusalem, godwebba cyst ufan eall forbærst, Exon. Th. 70, 6; Cri. 1134. Inne on healle wæs ðeód on sæ-acute;lum, Beo. Th. 1291; B. 643. Heó ðæs áð læ-acute;dde on ealre ðeóde gewitnesse tó Æglesforda, Chart. Th. 202, 3. Æþelréd Norþanhymbra cyning wæs ofslægen from his ágenre þeóde, Chr. 794; Erl. 58, 5. I b. in pl. the gentiles :-- Se þeóda láreów Paulus, Homl. Th. i. 96, 35: Shrn. 58, 33. Þara þeóda (ðeóda, Lind.) Galilea, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 4, 15. I c. a race :-- Giganta cyst ... ðæt wæs fremde þeód écean Dryhtne, Beo. Th. 3387; B. 1691. I d. in a general sense, particularly in pl., people, men :-- Gif ðú eáðmódne eorl geméte, þegn on þeóde (among men), Exon. Th. 318, 7; Mod. 79: 176, 4; Gú. 1204. Ðæt wé siþþan forð ða séllan þing móten geþeón on þeóde, 23, 31; Cri. 377: 8, 33; Cri. 127: 208, 23; Ph. 160. Cristes þegnas biddaþ God áre ealre þeóde; ðú him tíðast, swá ðú eádmód eart ealre worlde, Hy. 7, 55. Grécas ... Egiptisce þeóda ... Romani and Englisce þeóda, Anglia viii. 309, 19-21. Þeóda wlítaþ ... hú seó wilgedryht wildne weorþiaþ, Exon. Th. 221, 28; Ph. 341. Hé þeóda gehwam (to every one on earth) hefonríce forgeaf, Cd. Th. 40, 19; Gen. 641; Exon. Th. 429, 4; Rä. 42, 8. Geþola þeóda þreá endure men's oppression, Andr. Kmbl. 213; An. 107. Se ðisne ár hider onsende þeódum tó helpe (to help people), 3209; An. 1607. Is wíde cúð ðeódum, ceorlum and eorlum, Menol. Fox 61; Men. 30. David wæs swíðe geðancol tó ðingienne þiódum sínum wið ðane Sceppend, Ps. C. 7. II. in a local sense, the district occupied by a people, a country :-- Án hearpere wæs on ðære þeóde ðe Thracia hátte, Bt. 35, 6; Fox 166, 28. Se wæs on ðære ðeóde ðe hátte Babilonige, Cd. Th. 226, 16; Dan. 172. Ða beorgas onginnaþ in Narbonense ðære ðeóde, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 22, 20. In ðær ðeáde in Galilaeam, Jn. Skt. Lind. 4, 45. Aulixis hæfde twá ðióda under ðam Kásere. Ða ðióda wæ-acute;ron hátene Iþaeige and Rétie, Bt. 38, 1; Fox 194, 4. III. a language. v. ge-þeóde :-- Þeáh ðe seofan men sittan on middanearde, and heó mihton sprecan on æ-acute;ghwylcere þeóde ðe betwux heofonum and eorðan wæ-acute;re, ðara is twá and hundseofontig, Wulfst. 214, 29. [Goth. þiuda a nation, people; pl. the gentiles: O. Sax. thiod, thioda a people; in pl. men: O. L. Ger. thiad gens, natio: O. Frs. thiade people, men: O. H. Ger. diot, diota gens, populus, plebs, natio: Icel. þjóð a nation, people; in a local sense, a land, country.] v. el- (æl-), eást-, gum-, heáh-, neáh-, norþ-, sige-, Sweó-, wer-þeód, irmen-þeóde; in-geþeóde.
þeód-. As the first part of several compounds (see below) þeód has the force of general, great; a similar use is found in O. Sax. and Icel. The form is also found in proper names, e.g. Ðeód-bald, Bd. 1, 34; S. 499, 33. Ðeód-ríc, Bt. 1; Fox 2, 5. Þeód-Scyldingas, Beo. Th. 2042; B. 1019. Cf. regn-.
þeódan, þiédan, þídan, þýdan; p. de To join (trans. or intrans.), attach :-- Be ðám ðe wið ða dæ-acute;dbétendan ðeódaþ de is qui junguntur excommunicatis, R. Ben. 50, 9. Ðonne hý sume mid geficum wið ðone ánne þeódaþ and leásettaþ, sume wið ðone óþerne dum adulantur partibus, 125, 2. Ða woruldgesæ-acute;lþa hú hié simle tó ðám gódum ne ðeódaþ ne ða yfelan góde ne gedóð ðe hié hié oftost tó geðeódaþ fortuna nec se bonis semper adjungit, et bonos, quibus fuerit adjuncta, non efficit, Bt. 16, 3; Fox 56, 33. Ðá weóxon ða fýr swýþe and hí tógædere þeóddon and samnedon óþ ðæt ðe hí wæ-acute;ron on æ-acute;nne unmæ-acute;tne lég geánede crescentes ignes usque ad invicem sese extenderunt, atque in immensam adunati sunt, flammam, Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 20. Nán bróðor wið óþerne ne þeóde, ne mid his geþeódræ-acute;denne ne lette on unþæslícum tíman neque frater ad fratrem jungatur horis incompetentibus, R. Ben. 74, 23. Dæt hé hiene nánwuht ne áhebbe ofer his gelícan ne from hiera geférræ-acute;denne ne ðiéde quia per elationem se minime a proximorum societate disjungit, Past. 46; Swt. 349, 5. Þæt wé ús georne tó Gode þýdon that we diligently attach ourselves to God, Blickl. Homl. 115, 21. Mid cnottum (wæ-acute;re) þeód nexibus nodaretur, Hpt. Gl. 481, 31. Þióð subjugatae, subjunctae, 519, 4. [Cf. Icel. þýða to associate, attach.] v. á-, be-, ge-, óþ-, under-þeódan (-þiédan, -þídan, -þýdan).
þeód-bealu, wes; n. Great ill, grievous ill :-- Þeódbealu on þreó healfa (referring to three elements in the misery of the lost; cf. O. Sax. thiod-arbédi, applied to the expulsion from Eden), Exon. Th. 78, 2; Cri. 1268. Andrea þúhte þeódbealo þearlíc tó geþolianne, ðæt hé swá unscyldig ealdre sceolde linnan (cf. O. Sax. thiod-quálu, applied to the crucifixion, and to the agony in the garden), Andr. Kmbl. 2273; An. 1138. Cf. þeód-þreá.
þeód-búend[e]; pl. Those living in nations, mankind, men :-- Hé (Christ) earfeþu geþolade fore þearfe þeódbúndra, láðlícne deáð leódum tó helpe, Exon. Th. 72, 16; Cri. 1173. Hé geðingade þeódbúendum wið fæder swæ-acute;sne fæ-acute;hþa mæ-acute;ste, 39, 3; Cri. 616: 84, 11; Cri. 1372.
þeód-cwén, e; f. A great queen, an empress :-- Þeódcwén the empress (Elene), Elen. Kmbl. 2310; El. 1156. v. next word.
þeód-cyning, es; m. I. the king of a whole nation, a monarch, an independent sovereign. [Ei má þá kalla þjóðkonunga er skattkonungar eru, Edda. Ef hann (Harold Fairhair) vill leggja undir sik allan Noreg ok ráða því ríki jafnfrjálsliga, sem Eiríkr konungr Svíaveldi, eða Gormr konungr Danmörku, þá þykkir mér hann mega heita þjóðkonungr, Haralds Saga, c. 3.] :-- Þeódcyning (the king of Egypt; cf. folcfreá, 111, 7; Gen. 1852), Cd. Th. 112, 11; Gen. 1869. Ðeódcyning (Ongentheow), Beo. Th. 5932; B. 2970. Se ðeódcyning (Hrothgar), 4294; B. 2144. Ðiódcyning (Beowulf), 5151; B. 2579. Æt þearfe þeódcyninges, 5382; B. 2694. Ðæs þeódkyninges (-kyngces, MS. D.) (Edward the Confessor), Chr. 1066; Erl. 198, 15. Fore þrymme ðeódcyninges æ-acute;niges on eorðan, Apstls. Kmbl. 36; Ap. 18. Gewiton hié feówer þeódcyningas (cf. Thadal rex gentium, Gen. 14, 1) þrymme micle, Cd. Th. 118, 14; Gen. 1965. Ðæ-acute;r beóþ þearfan and þeódcyningas (paupers and monarchs; pauperque potensque), Dóm. L. 161. Wé Gár-Dena in geárdagum þeódcyninga þrym gefrunon, Beo. Th. 3; B. 2. Ond swá micel wundor and wæfersién wæs mínes weoredes on fægernisse ofer ealle óþre þeódkyningas ðe in middangearde wæ-acute;ron fuitque inter uarietates spectaculorum in conspiciendo talem exercitum, qui ornatu pariter ac uiribus inter gentes eminebant, Nar. 7, 19. II. the king of all nations, the monarch of the world, the Deity :-- Bútan æ-acute;r þeódcyning (cf. Exon. Th. 367, 25 which has here éce Dryhten), ælmihtig God ende worulde wyrcan wille, weoruda Dryhten, Soul Kmbl. 24; Seel. 12. [O. Sax. thiod-kuning (used of Christ and of Herod): Icel. þjóðkonungr.] Cf. þeóden.
þeóddon served. v. þeówan.
þeód-egesa, an; m. A terror that affects whole nations, a mighty, general terror :-- Ðonne mægna cyning on gemót (at the day of judgement) cymeþ, þeódegsa biþ hlúd gehýred, Exon. Th. 52, 16; Cri. 834.
þeóden, es; m. I. the chief of a þeód [cf. dryhten, dryht for connexion of þeóden, þeód], a prince, king; the word is used almost exclusively in poetry, but occurs once in the Laws in an alliterative phrase :-- Æ-acute;lc be his mæ-acute;ðe, eorl and ceorl, þegen and þeóden, L. R. 1; Th. i. 190, 14. Eádmund cyning, Engla þeóden, Chr. 942; Erl. 116, 7. Cyning, þeóden Scyldinga, Beo. Th. 3746; B. 1871. Gúðcyning, Wedera þeóden, 4661; B. 2336. Ðeóden gumena (Holofernes), Judth. Thw. 22, 18; Jud. 66. Hér Eádgár wæs, Engla waldend, tó cyninge gehálgod ... on ðam xxx wæs ðeóden gehálgod, Chr. 973; Erl. 124, 28. Se mondryhten, se eów máðmas geaf ... hé oft gesealde helm and byrnan, þeóden his þegnum, Beo. Th. 5730; B. 2869: Cd. Th. 158. 34; Gen. 2627. Ríce þeóden, 161, 31; Gen. 2673: 222, 24; Dan. 109. Mæ-acute;re þeóden, Beo. Th. 259; B. 129: 3434; B. 1715. Wealhþeów ðeódnes dohtor, 4354; B. 2174: 3678; B. 1837: 2174; B. 1085. Þrý wæ-acute;ron on ðæs þeódnes byrig, ðæt hié noldon hyra þeódnes dóm þafigan onginnan, Cd. Th. 227, 18; Dan. 188. Þeódnes (Constantine) willan, Elen. Kmbl. 534; El. 267. Ásecgan suna Healfdenes, mæ-acute;rum þeódne, mín æ-acute;rende, aldre ðínum, Beo. Th. 695; B. 385: Cd. Th. 221, 25; Dan. 93. Þegnas þeódne sægdon, 228, 20; Dan. 205. Þeóden mæ-acute;rne þegn, winedryhten his, wætere gelafede, Beo. Th. 5435; B. 2721: 5570; B. 2788. Leófne þeóden, ríces hyrde, 6151; B. 3079. Mæ-acute;rne þeóden, hláford leófne, 6274; B. 3141. II. a great man, a lord, chief :-- Úre þeóden (Byrhtnoth) líð, eorl on eorðan, Byrht. Th. 138, 39; By. 232: 135, 18; By. 120. Þrymfæst þeóden (Noah), Cd. Th. 200, 27; Exod. 363. Þeóden leófesta, Andr. Kmbl. 575; An. 285: (Guthlac), Exon. Th. 163, 1; Gú. 987. Þurh ðæs þeódnes word, 174, 2; Gú. 1171. Eorl Beówulfes wolde freádrihtnes feorh ealgian, mæ-acute;res þeódnes, Beo. Th. 1598; B. 797: 3259; B. 1627. Seó ecg geswác þeódne (Beowulf, not yet a king) æt þearfe, 3054; B. 1525. Hé læg ðegenlíce ðeódne (Byrhtnoth) gebende, Byrht. Th. 140, 27; By. 294. Mec ides freán sealde, holdum þeódne, swá hió háten wæs, Exon. Th. 479, 7; Rä. 62, 4. Hæleð, þeódnes þrymfulle, þegnas wlitige, Andr. Kmbl. 725; An. 363. II a. referring to other than men :-- Fuglas þringaþ ymbe æþelne, æ-acute;ghwylc wylle wesan þegn and þeów þeodne mæ-acute;rum (the Phenix), Exon. Th. 209, 4; Ph. 165. III. referring to the Deity, (1) to God :-- Wæs freá eallum leóf, þeóden his þegnum, Cd. Th. 5, 31; Gen. 80: 37, 29; Gen. 597: 218, 4; Dan. 34. Þeóden, rodera waldend, 73, 10; Gen. 1202. Freá ælmihtig, mæ-acute;re þeóden, 52, 34; Gen. 853. Swegles aldor, ríce þeóden, 53, 21; Gen. 864. Engla þeóden, 205, 6; Exod. 431. Swegles ealdor, þearltmód þeóden gumena, Judth. Thw. 22, 34; Jud. 91. Se þióden, Met. 11, 80. Þegnas þrymfæste þeóden heredon, Cd. Th. 2, 7; Gen. 15. (2) to Christ :-- Lífes ceápode þeóden moncynne, Exon. Th. 68, 1; Cri. 1097. Se brego mæ-acute;ra tó Bethania, þeóden þrymfæst, his þegna gedryht gelaðade, 29, 3; Cri. 457. Crist, cyninga wuldor, mæ-acute;re ðeóden, Menol. Fox 4; Men. 2. Se drihten, se ðe deáð for ús geþrowode, þeóden engla, Cd. Th. 306, 19; Sat. 666: Elen. Kmbl. 971; El. 487. [Goth. þiudans βασιλε&upsilon-tonos;s: O. Sax. thiodan (used of God and Christ, as also of earthly rulers): Icel. þjóðann (poet.) a king, ruler; a great man.]