This is page 1084 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

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ÞWEORNESS - ÞYNCAN

þweorness, e; f. I. crookedness (fig.) v. þweorh, I. 2 :-- Ðwyrnyssa beóð gerihte, Homl. Th. i. 362, 22. II. opposition. v. þweorh, II, þweorlíce, II :-- Aduersus ongeán mid þwyrnysse (.i. discordia, MS. W.), Ælfc. Gr. 38; Zup. 239, 14. Ðá sceorede ðágyt se yldesta hæ-acute;ðengylda mid mycelre þwyrnysse the chief idolater still refused most flatly, Homl. Th. i. 72, 10. III. perversity, iniquity, evil, depravity :-- Mycel is seó þwyrnes (cf. abundabit iniquitas, 8), Wulfst. 82, 17. Fram þwyrnysse a prauitate, Scint. 32, 3. For heora lífes ðwyrnysse, Homl. Th. ii. 530, 24. Forbeóde hé ða þwyrnesse hyra ungeþeahtes prohibeant pravorum prevalere consensum, R. Ben. 119, 9. Hrædlíce bið se Déma tó úrum bénum gebíged, gif wé fram úrum ðwyrnyssum beóð gerihtlæ-acute;hte, Homl. Th. ii. 124, 35: Lchdm. iii. 276, 18. Manna þwyrnyssa hominum prauitates, Scint. 44, 9.

þweorscipe, es; m. Perversity, iniquity, depravity :-- Se bið ðæm ísene gelíc inne on ðæm ofne, se ðe for ðære suingellan nyle his ðweorscipe forlæ-acute;tan, ac ofan his níhstan his lífes, Past. 37; Swt. 269, 6.

þweor-timbre (?); adj. Cross-grained(?), stubborn :-- Ic wát ðæt ic æ-acute;r ne síð æ-acute;nig ne métte þrístran geþohtes ne þweorhtimbran (Grein suggests -tímran, v. next word) mægþa cynnes, Exon. Th. 275, 15; Jul. 550.

þweor-tíme; adj. I. given to opposition, contentious. v. þweorh, II :-- Ðone réþan, ðe biþ þweortéme, ðú scealt hátan hund, nallas mann ferox, atque inquies linguam litigiis exercet? cani comparabis, Bt. 37, 4; Fox 192, 16. II. given to evil, wicked, depraved :-- And ðeáh ðonne hé ongiete ða scylda ðara ðweortiémena, ðonne geðence hé ðone ealdordóm his onwealdes cum pravorum culpa exigit, potestatem sui prioratus agnoscat, Past. 17; Swt. 107, 12. Ðæ-acute;m gódum hé sceal mid wordum stýran and ðæ-acute;m þweortýmum mid swingellum honestiores animos verbis corripiat, improbos autem verberum castigatione, R. Ben. 13, 20.

þwer. v. þweorh.

þweran; p. þwær, pl. þwæ-acute;ron; pp. þworen, þuren :-- To twirl, stir. [O. H. Ger. dweran; p. dwar; pp. dworan miscere.] v. á-, ge-þweran; þwirel.

þwínan; p. þwán, pl. þwinon; pp. þwinen To get less, dwindle, be reduced (of a swelling) :-- Beþe ða fét and smyre, ðonne þwínaþ (-eþ, MS.) hý sóna (the swelling goes down), Lchdm. i. 84, 25. Ðonne þwínaþ ða áswollena sina, ii. 282, 8. Tácn ðæt se swile þwínan ne mæg, ne út yrnan on ðære litre, 162, 3: 212, 9. Cf. dwínan.

þwirel; es; m. A stick for whipping milk :-- Meolc lac, fliéte verberatum, molten lac coagolatum, þwiril verberaturium, Wrt. Voc. i. 290, 26-30. [O. H. Ger. dwiril: M. H. Ger. twirel, twirl: Ger. querl, quirl a twirling-stick; querlen to beat up: Icel. þyrell a whisk to whip milk; flauta-þyrell a stick for whipping milk; þyrla to whirl; cf. þwara a stick used to stir up a cauldron.] v. þweran.

þwires. v. þweores.

þwítan; p. þwát, pl. þwiton, þweoton; pp. þwiten To thwite (still in some dialects, e.g. Lancashire), to cut, cut off :-- Þwíteþ, Exon. Th. 354, 50; Reim. 63. Monige of åam treówe ðæs hálgan Cristes mæ-acute;les spónas and sceafþan nimaþ (spónas ðwítaþ, MS. B.) multi de ipso ligno sacrosanctae crucis astulas excidere solent, Bd. 3, 2; S. 524, 31. Monige of ðære ilcan styþe spónas ðweoton and sceatþan nómon (ðæt geþwit náman, MS. B.) astulis ex ipsa destina excisis, 3, 17; S. 544, 44, col. 2 (sprytlan ácurfon, col. 1). Genim ðone wyrttruman, delf up, þwít nigon spónas on ða winstran hand, Lchdm. ii. 292, 2. [Telwyn or thwytyn abseco, reseco, Prompt. Parv. 488. To thwyte dolare, Cath. Angl. 388, and see note. Cf. Icel. þveita a small axe, þvita a kind of axe, þveit, þveiti a cut-off piece, a parcel of land.] v. á-, for-þwítan; ge-þwit.

þwur, þwyr, þwyr-, þwyre, þý, þýan. v. þweor, þweor-, þweores, þe, þeówan.

þý-dæ-acute;ges; adv. On that day, then :-- Gif ðæ-acute;r byð án ofer ða seofon, ðonne tácnaþ ðæt ðæt se mónð gæ-acute;ð on Sunnandæg on túne; gif ðæ-acute;r beóð ofer ða seofon twá oððe þreó, feówer oððe fífe oððe syxe, wite ðú tó sóðe ðæt ðýdæges cymð sé mónð tó manuum, Anglia viii. 304, 13: 310, 39.

þyddan; p. de To strike, thrust, push :-- Impingere on besettan (in margin on þidden, ic on þydde), Hpt. Gl. 505, 46. Ðá ðydde Æfner hine mid hindewerde sceafte on ðæt smælðearme ðæt hé wæs deád percussit eum Abner aversa hasta in inguine, et transfodit eum, et mortuus est, Past. 40; Swt. 295, 17. Se assa þidde his hláfordes fót þearle tó ðam hege junxit asina se parieti et attrivit sedentis pedem, Num. 22, 25. Ðá ábræ-acute;d Aoth his swurd and hine hetelíce þidde swá ðæt ða hiltan eodon in tó ðam innoðe Aoth tulit sicam, infinxitque eam in ventre ejus, tam valide, ut capulus sequeretur ferrum in vulnere, Jud. 3, 21. Ðæt is ðæt mon mid hindewearde sceafte ðone ðydde ðe him oferfylge aversa hasta persequentem ferire eat, Past. 40; Swt. 297, 14. [Þenne þudde ich in ham luueliche þohtes, Marh. 14, 7. Þa þudde ha uppon þe Þurs feste wið hire fot, 12, 17. He þudde (þraste, 2nd MS.) frommard his breoste, Laym. 1898.] v. þurh-, wiþ-þyddan; þoddettan; see also þeówan.

þyder, þýfe. v. þider, þífe.

þýfel, es; m. A bush; a thicket; a leafy plant :-- Frutectum, i. arborum densitas vel ramus (ramnus?) þýfel, frutices, ramos (ramnos?) þyrne, frutex, frutecta þýfel, Wrt. Voc. ii. 151, 42-45. Þýfel frutex, i. 33, 42. Ðýfel, 80, 20. Þýfel spartus, 32, 40: spina, sentrix, 33, 47. Of þiccum þéfele, Hpt. Gl. 408, 38. On ðone hundes þýfel; of hundes þýfele forþ on ðone þorn, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 425, 29. Andlang paðes on ðone hyndes þýfel; of ðæm þýfele andlang weges, vi. 36, 4. Þýfelas frutecta, Wrt. Voc. i. 39, 9. His þýfelas &l-bar; twygu arbusta ejus, Ps. Lamb. 79, 11. Þýfela vel boxa belsarum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 125, 44. Genim ðysse wyrte, ðe wé león fót nemdon, fíf ðýfelas bútan wyrttruman, Lchdm. i. 98, 16. [Smale fu&yogh;ele þat fleoþ bi grunde and bi þuvele, O. and N. 278.] v. brémel-, rysc-, sceald-, wiðig-þýfel; þúf.

þýflen (?); adj. Bushy :-- Þýflen (printed ryplen) sparteus (cf. þýfel spartus), Germ. 399, 457.

þyften, e; f. A female servant :-- Þyften verna, famula, servus, Hpt. Gl. 470, 9. Þeftan vernacula, servula, ancilla, 461, 56. [Þe oðer is ase lefdi; þeos is ase þuften, A. R. 4, 11. Mi lauerd biseh his þufftenes mekelec respexit humilitatem ancillae suae, H. M. 45, 12.] v. ge-þofta.

þýgan. v. þeówan.

þyhtig; adj. Strong, firm :-- Sweord ecgum þyhtig, Beo. Th. 3121; B. 1558. v. hyge-, un-þyhtig.

þylc; pron. Such :-- Þes þylc fela spycð iste talis multum loquitur, Scint. 80, 19. Gif hé áwiht þylces dó si tale quid fecerit, L. Ecg. C. 15; Th. ii. 142, 27. Þylces fela his similia, Coll. Monast. Th. 27, 11. Ánne þilícne lytling unum parvolum talem, Mt. Kmbl. 18, 5. Hwæt is þes be þam ic þilc gehýre de quo audio ego talia, Lk. Skt. 9, 9. Manega óþre þylce (þyllíce, MS. A.) gé dóð alia similia his facitis multa, Mk. Skt. 7, 8. Feáwa synd ða þylce gebedu habban pauci sunt qui tales orationes habeant, Scint. 33, 3. [Laym. Chauc. þilk: R. Glouc. þulk: Icel. því-líkr.]

þyl-cræft, es; m. Rhetoric :-- Þelcræft rethorica, Hpt. Gl. 479, 55. v. þyle.

þyld patience :-- On ðylde iówre settas gé sáwle iówre in patientia uestra possidebitis animas uestras, Lk. Skt. Rush. 21, 19. [Þild to þolenn unnseollþe, Orm. 2603. Þild patientia, Ps. 9, 19. O. H. Ger. dult.] v. ge-þyld.

þyldig; adj. Patient :-- Strong and ðyldig fortis et patiens, Rtl. 1010, 8. [þuldi and þolemod, Kath. 174. O. H. Ger. dultíg patiens.] v. ge-, un-þyldig.

þyldigian; p. ode To endure :-- Wel þyldigende hí beóð bene patientes erunt, Ps. Spl. 91, 14. v. á-, for-, ge-ðyldigian (-þylgian).

þyle, es; m. An orator, spokesman :-- Gelæ-acute;red þyle fela spæ-acute;ca mid feáwum wordum geopenaþ doctus orator plures sermones paucis verbis aperit, Scint. 119, 3. Þylas oratores, Wrt. Voc. ii. 63, 1. As a proper name Þyle is found in Exon. Th. 320, 5; Víd. 24 :-- Þyle weóld Rondingum. ¶ In Beowulf the þyle of the Danish king is mentioned :-- Húnferþ þyle, Beo. Th. 2335; B. 1165. Þyle Hróðgáres, 2917; B. 1456. In two passages it is noted that he sat at his lord's feet :-- Húnferð maþelode ðe æt fótum sæt freán Scyldinga, 1002; B. 499: 2335; B. 1165. He is the only one of the courtiers who is actually stated to have addressed Beowulf, so that the duty of leading the conversation seems to have fallen to him. If a gloss in Wrt. Voc. ii. 25, 31-descurris hofðelum-may be read de scurris of ðelum ( = ðylum) or hofðylum, perhaps his function was something like that of the later court jester, and the style of his attack on Beowulf hardly contradicts the supposition. [Icel. þulr; cf. þylja to say, chant.] v. þyl-cræft.

þýle, Thíla Thule, some island in the north-west of Europe :-- Be westannorðan Iberuia is ðæt ýtemeste land ðæt man hæ-acute;t Thíla (insula Thule), and hit is feáwum mannum cúð for ðære oferfyrre, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 24, 20. Ðæt íland ðe wé hátaþ Thýle, ðæt is on ðam norþwestende ðisses middangeardes ultima Thule, Bt. 29, 3; Fox 106, 23. Thíle hátte án ígland be norðan þysum íglande, syx daga fær ofor sæ-acute;, Lchdm. iii. 260, 2. v. Týle.

þylian, þylíc, þyl-líc, þylman. v. þilian, þylc, þys-líc, for-þylman.

þýmel, es; m. A thumbstall, fingerstall, thimble :-- Wiþ scurfedum nægle ... wyrc þýmel tó, and lege eald spic onufan ðone nægl, Lchdm. ii. 150, 6. [Themyl digitale, Wulck. Gl. 578, 29 (15th cent.). Themelle, thymbylle, thymle digitale, parcipollex, pollicium, Cath. Aug. 383, where see note. Thymbyl theca, Prompt. Parv. 491. Icel. þumall the thumb of a glove.]

þýmel; adj. A thumb thick, applied to the fat of swine :-- Æt þýmelum, L. In. 49; Th. i. 132, 19.

þýn to press. v. þeówan.

þyncan; p. þúhte. I. to seem, appear. (1) where the subject of the verb is expressed :-- Ðynceþ him swíðe leoht sió byrðen ðæs láreówdómes pondus magisterii levius aestimant, Past. proem.; Swt. 24, 9. Mé ðeós (ród) heardra þynceþ, Exon. Th. 91, 9; Cri. 1489: 383, 14; Rä. 4, 10: Met. 12, 8. Þincð, Bt. 23; Fox 78, 25: Met. 12, 18. Þis þinceþ riht micel, ðæt..., Cd. Th. 149, 17; Gen. 2476. Mé ðæt riht ne þinceþ, ðæt..., 19, 11; Gen. 289. Þynceþ, Andr. Kmbl. 1218; An. 609. Hí ne wundriaþ mæniges þinges ðe monnum wonder þynceþ, Met. 28, 82. Ðæs ðe mé þynceþ, Andr. Kmbl. 944; An. 472: Ps. Th. 101, 3. Him ða twigu þincaþ merge, Met. 13, 44. Hý wyrðe þinceaþ, Beo. Th. 742; B. 368. Lytel þúhte ic leóda bearnum, Exon. Th. 87, 14; Cri. 1425. Ne þúhte hé him nó innon swá fæger swá hé útan þúhte. Þeáh ðú nú hwam fæger þince, ne biþ hit nó ðý raþor swá, Bt. 32, 2; Fox 116, 24. He ðúhte him selfum suíðe unlytel se parvulum non videbat, Past. 17; Swt. 113, 12. Hire þúhte hwítre heofon and eorðe, Cd. Th. 38, 7; Gen. 603: 111, 4; Gen. 1850: Beo. Th. 1688; B. 842: Met. 12, 15. Tó lang hit him þúhte, hwænnne hí tógædere gáras béron, Byrht. Th. 133. 47; By. 66. Him ðæt wræclíc þúhte, Cd. Th. 233, 4; Dan. 270. Ðæt wundra sum monnum þúhte, ðæt..., Exon. Th. 133, 13; Gú. 489: 169, 27; Gú. 1101. Hié ðam were geonge þúhton men, Cd..Th. 146, 27; Gen. 2428. Ealle brimu blódige þúhton, 214, 20; Exod. 572: Andr. Kmbl. 880; An. 440: Beo. Th. 1737; B. 866. Ðý ðe hý him sylfum séllan þúhten, Exon. Th. 455, 24; Hy. 4, 54. Hé þenceþ ðæt his wíse welhwam þince unforcúþ, 315, 13; Mód. 30. Þeáh hit lang þince, Met. 10, 66. Hwæt eów sélest þynce, Elen. Kmbl. 1062. Hié wilniaþ ðæt hié ðyncen ða betstan, Past. 18; Swt. 134, 18. Hwelc wíte sceal ús tó hefig ðyncan? 36; Swt. 255, 3. Hí woldon mé swíþe bitere þincan, Bt. 22, 1; Fox 76, 19. Swá hit þincan mæg, L. I. P. 19; Th. ii. 326, 36. (2) where the subject is not expressed, as in methinks :-- Swá me ðincþ, Bt. 33, 1; Fox 120, 21: 36, 3; Fox 176, 30. Swá ðé ðyncþ, 38, 2; Fox 196, 22. Hú þincþ eów quid vobis videtur, Mt. Kmbl. 21, 28. Þincþ him genóg on ðam ðe hí binnan heora æ-acute;genre hýde habbaþ, Bt. 14, 2; Fox 44, 22. Dém ðú hí tó deáþe, gif ðé gedafen þince, Exon. Th. 247, 32; Jul. 87. Ðeáh monnum swá ne þince, Bt. 39, 8; Fox 224, 17. (2 a) where the verb is followed by a clause :-- Mé þincþ ðæt hit hæbbe geboht sume leáslíce mæ-acute;rþe, Bt. 24, 3; Fox 82, 24. Ne þynceþ mé gerysne, ðæt wé rondas beren, Beo. Th. 5299; B. 2653. Hwæt þincþ ðé ðæt ðú sý?, Jn. Skt. 8, 53. Þyncþ him ðæt hé næbbe genóg, Bt. 33, 2; Fox 124, 4. Him selfum þincþ ðæt hé næ-acute;nne næbbe, swá swá manegum men þincþ ðæt hé næ-acute;nne næbbe, 29, 1; Fox 104, 8. Wrætlíc mé þinceþ, hú seó wiht mæge wordum lácan, Exon. Th. 414, 11; Rä. 32, 18. Þinceþ ðé miht ðú libban potes vivere? Bd. 5, 6; S. 619, 40. Ðúhte heom ðæt hit mihte swá, Cd. Th. 266, 14; Sat. 22. Ne þúhte gerysne rodora wearde, ðæt Adam leng ána wæ-acute;re, 11, 9; Gen. 169. Ðeáh ús þince ðæt it on wóh fare, Bt. 39, 8; Fox 224, 20. Higesnotrum mæg þincan, ðæt..., Met. 10, 8. II. to seem fit :-- Swá mycel swá ðé þince as much as to you seems good, Lchdm. ii. 74, 2. Dó swá ðé þynce, gif ðú frygnen sié, Elen. Kmbl. 1078; El. 541. [Goth. þug[g]kjan: O. Sax. thuukian: O. H. Ger. dunchan: Icel. þykkja.] v. ge-, mis-, of-on-þyncan.