This is page 1290 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)
This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.
Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.
This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.
The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.
WYRN - WYRT-TRUMA
wyrn, wyrnan. v. wirn, wirnan.
wyrp, es; m. A throw, cast, the distance which a thing may be thrown :-- Swá mycel swá is ánes stánes wyrp (weorp &l-bar; wyrp, Lind.) quantum jactus est lapidis, Lk. Skt. 22, 41. [Þurh on eie wurp to one wummon, A. R. 56, 14. Iesus from heom iwende þe uurp of o ston, Misc. 41, 155. O. H. Ger. wurf jactus, ictus.] v. æ-acute;-wyrp.
wyrp recovery, wyrpan to recover, wyrpan to throw, -wyrpan, -wyrpe. v. wirp, wirpan, weorpan, (be-, ge-)sceat-wyrpan, ge-, lang-wyrpe.
wyrpel, es; m. A vervel, a ring put on a falcon's leg. Thorpe in his note on the following passage quotes from Roquefort the explanation of the French vervelle: Large anneau qu'on passoit au pied d'un faucon pour le retenir :-- Sum sceal wildne fugel átemian, heafoc on honda ... déþl hé wyrplas on, fédeþ swá on feterum fiþrum dealne (cf. the description of a falcon's equipment given in a M. H. Ger. poem, Haupt Zsch. 7, 341, quoted by Leo: Lancvezzel, würfel and hoselín, daz waren diu kleit sín), Exon. Th. 332, 19; Vy. 87.
-wyrplíc, -wyrpness, wyrra, wyrrest, wyrs, wyrs-hræ-acute;cing, wyrsm. v. scort-wyrplíc, for-, tó-wyrpness, wirsa, wirs, wyrms-hræ-acute;cung, wyrms.
wyrst. v. wrist.
wyrt, e; f. I. a wort (e.g. St. John's wort), plant, herb :-- Gærs vel wyrt herba, Wrt. Voc. i. 30, 35: 78, 71. Ðeós wyrt, ðe man betonicam nemneþ, Lchdm. i. 70, 1: 90, 2, and often. Seó wyrt (herba) weóx, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 26. Gemolsnad wyrt, Ps. Th. 89, 6. Wyrta wynsume, Exon. Th. 233, 23; Ph. 529. Sumra wyrta eard biþ on dúnum, sumra on merscum, sumra on mórum, Bt. 34, 10; Fox 148, 22. Mid missenlícum blóstmum wyrta áfægrod variis herbarum floribus depictus, Bd. 1, 7; S. 478, 22: Exon. Th. 358, 17; Pa. 47. Gif mon sié wyrtum forboren, Lchdm. ii. 114, 8, 12. Hé getimbreþ tánum and wyrtum nest, 227, 29; Ph. 430. God geworhte eall gærs and wyrta (omnem herbam), Gen. 2, 5. Ðú ytst ðære eorðan wyrta, 3, 18: Ps. Th. 103, 13. Werta, Kent. Gl. 687. I a. a garden herb, herb for food :-- Gé teóþiaþ mintan and æ-acute;lce wyrte (alle wyrte, Rush. omne holus), Lk. Skt. 11, 42. Wyrta olera, Wrt. Voc. i. 82, 31: fordalium (cf. wyrtmete), ii. 150, 20. Hit is ealra wyrta mæ-acute;st majus est omnibus holeribus, Mt. Kmbl. 13, 32. Tó wertum ad olera, Kent. Gl. 524. Gif gé mé (the cook) út ádrífaþ fram eówrum geférscype, gé etaþ wyrta (olera) eówre gréne, Coll. Monast. Th. 29, 11: 34, 27. II. a root:Wudubeám wæs wyrtum fæst, Cd. Th. 247, 19; Dan. 499: Beo. Th. 2732; B. 1364: Exon. Th. 209, 18; Ph. 172: 417, 2; Rä. 35, 7. [Goth. waurts a plant, a root: O. Sax. wurt a plant, root: O. H. Ger. wurz herba, olus: Icel. urt a herb.] v. wudu-wyrt. The word occurs in the names of many plants, see the lists of plant-names given in Wrt. Voc. i. pp. 30-, 66-, 78-, 286-, and in Lchdm. iii. 311 sqq.
wyrt, e; f. Wort (in brewing) :-- Wyrt sandix (the word occurs in a list of terms 'de mensa,' and among a number denoting various kinds of drink. Cf. sandix, genus frugi, Corp. Gl. Hessels, 105, 103), Wrt. Voc. 1. 290, 64: 289, 9: ii. 87, 33. Bewylle on hwæ-acute;tene wyrte, Lchdm. ii. 268, 12. [Wurte idromellum, Wrt. Voc. i. 257, col. 2. Ger. würze: Swed. wört.] v. leáh-mealt-, másc-, mealt-wyrt.
wyrt-bed[d], es; n. A garden-bed :-- Ðeós wyrt bið cenned on begánum stówum and on wyrtbeddum and on mæ-acute;dum, Lchdm. i. 96, 22: 184, 6. [O. H. Ger. wurz-betti areola.]
wyrt-bræ-acute;þ, es; m. A perfume from plants, an odour, aroma :-- Mid bræ-acute;ðe áfylled swylce ðæ-acute;r læ-acute;gon lilie and rose. Ðá cwæð Basilissa: 'Ic wundrie hwanon ðes wyrtbræ-acute;ð ðus wynsumlíce stéme,' Homl. Skt. i. 4, 36. Ne mihte nán wyrtbræ-acute;ð swá wynsumlíce stéman, ii. 27, 113. Ágeótende wyrtbræ-acute;ð (aroma) of rinde, Hymn. Surt. 79, 13. Orþiende wyrtbræ-acute;ða swétnyssa spirans odorum balsama, 98, 19. Seó cwén com tó Salomone mid lácum on golde, and on deórwurðum gymstánum and wyrtbræ-acute;ðum ... Seó geleáfulle gelaðung offraþ Criste wyrtbræ-acute;ðas þurh gebeda, Homl. Th. ii. 586, 6-11.
wyrt-cyn[n], es; n. A species of plant or vegetable :-- Æ-acute;ghwylc wyrt-cyn omne genus holitorum, i. holerum, Wrt. Voc. i. 55, 29. Wyrtcynn (wyrta cynn, Rush.) nardus pisticus, Jn. Skt. Lind. 12, 3: aloes, 19, 39: unguentum, Ps. Th. 132, 2.
wyrt-cynren, es; n. The genus plant, plants, herbs :-- Wyrtcynren herbam, Ps. Lamb. 146, 8.
wyrt-drenc, es; m. A herb-drink, potion made from herbs :-- Wyrtdrenc antidotum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 6, 70: 100, 31. Wyrtdrenc wið átre sityriaca ( = theriaca), 77, 4. Biter wyrtdrenc picra, wyrtdrenc catartica, i. purgatoria, i. 20, 19, 21. Mid ondóunge wyrtdrences þurh horn oððe pípan sió wamb biþ tó clæ-acute;nsianne, Lchdm. ii. 260, 11. Dó ealle ða wyrta tó wyrtdrence, 22, 17. Æfter ðon sceal man wyrtdrenc sellan, 22, 2. Wyrtdrencas antidota, Wrt. Voc. ii. 2, 4. Læ-acute;cedómas wiþ ðære healfdeádan ádle, and onlegena and wyrtdrencas, Lchdm, ii. 172, 8.
wyrt-eceddrenc, es; m. An acid potion made with herbs :-- Be ðam súþernan wyrteceddrence, Lchdm. ii. 172, 11.
wyrtel (?) a plant. v. biscop-wyrtil. [O. H. Ger. wurzala radix.]
wyrt-fæt, es; n. A scent-bottle :-- Wyrtfata olfactoriola (cf. olfactoriola ðe hiera elesealfa on wæ-acute;ran, Wrt. Voc. ii. 64, 35), Hpt. Gl. 517, 27.
wyrt-forbor, es; n. Restraint from an action by the operation of herbs :-- Wiþ wyrtforbore (cf. Gif mon sié wyrtum forboren, 114, 8) and yflum gealdorcræftum, Lchdm. ii. 306, 12. Cf. next word.
wyrt-gælstre, an; f. A woman who uses herbs for charms :-- Mæ-acute;den yfeldæ-acute;da and wyrtgælstre (malefica et herbaria), Lchdm. iii. 186, 11. Cf. previous word.
wyrt-geard, es; m. A kitchen-garden :-- Wyrtgeardas promptuaria, Ps. Spl. C. 143, 16. [Wick. wort-&yogh;erd hortus olerum.]
wyrt-gemang, es; n. A spice :-- Wyrtgemangc myrra, Ps. Lamb. 44, 9. Maria nam án pund deórwyrðre sealfe mid ðam wyrtgemange ðe hig nardus hátaþ Maria accepit libram ungenti nardi pistici preciosi, Jn. Skt. 12, 3. Wyrtgemang and alewan mixturam murrae et aloes, 19, 39. Myrre and gutta and cassia ... Ða wyrtgemang getácniaþ mistlícu mægen Cristes, Ps. Th. 44, 10. Wyrta oððe wyrtgemangu herbae vel pigmenta, Scint. 36, 11. Wyrtgemanga strengðe pigmentorum uim, 120, 13. Mid wyrtgemangum cum aromatibus, Jn. Skt. 19, 40: Anglia xiii. 427, 885. Hig bæ-acute;ron mid him ða wyrtgemang (aromata), Lk. Skt. 24, 1. Hig gearwodun wyrtgemang (wyrta gemong, Lind. aromata), 23, 56: Mk. Skt. 16, 1. v. next word.
wyrt-gemengness, e; f. A spice :-- Hig bebyrigdon Andreas líchaman myd wyrtgemengnyssum and myd swétum stencum, Shrn. 153, 17: Wulfst. 263, 5. v. preceding word.
wyrþe. v. weorþ.
wyrþe-land, es; n. Land that has lain fallow, land ploughed for the first time, a cultivated field :-- Wyrðelandum novalibus (tellus millenos animarum manipulos in fructiferis ecclesiae novalibus protulit, Ald. 32), Wrt. Voc. ii. 79, 26: 77, 50: 59, 56. v. worþ, and next word(?).
wyrþen a field(?) :-- Wyrþenna leti (the passage in which the gloss occurs is: Graculus, qui segetum glumas, et laeti cespites occas depopulare studet, Ald. 142. Perhaps wyrþenna should be taken as a gloss to occas, v. wyrþing), Wrt. Voc. ii. 89, 57: 52, 20. v. preceding word (?).
wyrþian, wyrþig. v. weorþian, wirþig.
wyrþing a cultivated field(?) :-- Wealh (fealh?) oþþe wyrðing occa (the passage is: Anthonius coelestis aratri stivarius ... a quo primitus per Aegyptum fertilis coenobiorum seges et foecunda conversationis occa granigeris germinavit spicis, Ald. 32), Wrt. Voc. ii. 79, 25. v. wyrþen.
wyrþo. v. wirþu.
wyrtian; p. ode To season, spice :-- Ic wyrtige condo, Wrt. Voc. ii. 21, 39. v. ge-wyrtian.
wyrtig; adj. Full of herbs :-- On ánum wyrtigan hamme, Homl. Skt. ii. 30, 312.
wyrt-mete, es; m. Vegetable food, food consisting of herbs :-- Wyrtmete clerius cibus, Wrt. Voc. i. 290, 40: ii. 17, 23. Gesoden wyrtmete fordalium, 38, 56: 150, 2. Wurtmete mid meluwe polentum, i. 27, 25.
wyrt-stenc, es; m. A perfume from a plant :-- Hús gefylled wæs wyrtstence (odore) ðære smirnisse, Jn. Skt. Rush. 12, 3.
wyrn, wyrnan. v. wirn, wirnan.
wyrt-truma (wyrtruma), an: -trum, es; m.: -trume, an; f. (v. Be ðare wyrtruman, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iv. 93, 7). I. the root of a plant :-- Wyrtruma radix, Wrt. Voc. i. 33, 11: 80, 8: 285, 79: Cd. Th. 252, 20; Dan. 581. Is seó æx ásett tó ðæs treówes wyrtruman, Lk. Skt. 3, 9. Be ðam wyrttruman, Lchdm. i. 172, 10. Wyrttruman radicem, Ps. Spl. 51, 5. Hig næfdon wyrtruman (wyrtrum, v. l.), Mt. Kmbl. 13, 6: Mt. Skt. 4, 6: Lk. Skt. 8, 13. Hyt næfð ðone wyrtruman (wyrtrum, v. l.), Mt. Kmbl. 13, 21. Wyrtruman ðæs wudu-beámes eorðan fæstne, Cd. Th. 248, 20; Dan. 516: Exon. Th. 328, 28; Vy. 24. Treów wyrtrumum underwreðyd, Runic pm. Kmbl. 341, 30; Rún. 13. Wyrttruman radices, Ps. Spl. 79, 10. Óþ ða wirttruman usque ad radices, Num. 22, 4. I a. the root of a tooth :-- [Ða grindigtéþ ðe álc mid feówer wyrtrume gefæstned byð, and ðanne hý hero wurtruma forleátaþ, ðanne sweartigeþ hý, and fealleþ, Lchdm. iii. 104, 15.] I b. figurative :-- Ne næfð æ-acute;nig bóh grénnysse gódes weorces, se ðe ná wunaþ on wyrtruman (radice) sóðre lufe, Scint. 3, 19. Ða ðe heora heortan wyrtruman on ðisum andwerdum lífe plantiaþ, Homl. Th. i. 132, 7. II. the root, source, origin :-- Hé cuæð ðæt æ-acute;lces yfeles wyrttruma (wyrtruma, Cott. MSS.) wæ-acute;re ðæt mon wilnode hwelcre gítsunge, Past. 11; Swt. 73, 3. Seó græ-acute;dignys is wyrtruma æ-acute;lces yfeles, and seó sóðe lufu is wyrtruma æ-acute;lces gódes, Homl. Th. ii. 410, 3. Ðætte of wyrtruman besmitenes geþóhtes ácenned bið, Bd. 1, 27; M. 80, 13. II a. a stock :-- Hwæt limpeþ ðæs tó ðé of hwylcum wyrtruman ic ácenned sí quid ad te pertinet qua sim stirpe genitus? 1, 7; S. 477, 28. III. this word and the word of like meaning, wyrtwala (q. v.), seem to be used in reference to local relations in the sense of foot, lower side, the opposite of heáfod or heáfdu, e.g. Of ðes póles héuede on gerigte tó ðane ellene; of ðane ellene on gerigte á be wertuualen on ðe herestráte, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 17, 10. Tó ðan heáfdan ... tó uurtwalan, vi. 2, 4-6. Andlang fyrh on ða heáfda; andlang heáfda on ðæne grénan pæð ... andlang fyrh on ða wyrtwale; swá be ðære wyrtwale, iv. 19, 17-28. Cf. too: Be ðám heáfdon, iii. 378, 22. Á be heáfdan, 438, 29. Tó ðam heáfde; big ðam heáfde tó ðere fureh, 384, 16, with similar uses of wyrttruma and wyrtwala :-- Of ðam seáðe swá wyrtruma sceát óð Ramleáhweg, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 455, 22. On ðone feld; ðæt andlang wyrttruman on Hildes hlæ-acute;w, 170, 27. On dinningc-gráfes wyrttruman; of dynningcgráfes wyrttruman eall swá se díc sceót, 208, 5: 34, 14. On wiðigleás wyrttruman; ðonne ealling be wyrttruman óð ácleá, v. 230, 1. On wiðigleás wyrtruman; on eatan beares wyrtruman; óð leás eástende; norð be wyrttruman, 334, 25-27. On loxanwuda wyrtruman; of wyrtruman on þiccan stánas, 345, 5. Óð ða dúnæ ufewearde on ða æðenan byrigelsas; swá ádún be wyrtruman æft tó gemíðum, 346, 20. Innan leá; ðanne be wurtruman anlanges wudes, iii. 172, 33. Óð ða lége; ðonne be wyrttruman, 406, 28, 33: v. 358, 18. Forð be wyrttruman, iii. 422, 1: vi. 33, 37. Bæ ðam wyrttruman, v. 191, 32. Wyrttrumman, iii. 135, 8. Tó wuda; swá be ðan eald wyrtruman, 279, 31. Be wyrttrume, v. 100, 20. Wirtrume, iii. 440, 33. Ofer ðane sceagan; ðonne forð á be wyrtruman, 460, 2. Of ðan hamme á be wurtruman, vi. 137, 22. Á be ðare wyrtruman, iv. 93, 7. On wyrtruman, iii. 390, 26. On feld on wyrttruman oð gráfes suðende, v. 334, 34.