This is page 452 of the supplement to An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by T. Northcote Toller (1921)

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452 GE-WINFULLIC--GE-WIS

Gr. D. 112, 17. Ic wolde þ-bar; hyra læ-acute;s wæ-acute;re gewinfulra utinam minus fuissent laboriosa, Nar. 2, 29. Hí ne mihton swá gewinnfullicum (gewinesfullicum, v. l.) fyrdum (tam laboriosis expeditionibus) swencte beón, Bd. 1, 12; Sch. 33, 17. II. full of trouble. v. ge-win; II. 4:--Þis líf is læ-acute;nlic and hit is gewinful, Ll. Th. ii. 400, 15.

ge-winfullic. Add:--Swíðe gewinnfullic (laboriosum) þ-bar; is þ-bar; man on symbel hine behealde wiþ þæs feóndes searwe, Gr. D. 222, 7.

ge-winfullíce. Add:--Æfter þon þe þú swá earfoðlíce and gewinfullíce gelýfdest postquam laboriose credidisti, Gr. D. 305, 16.

ge-winna. Add:--I. of persons, (1) an enemy, opponent:--Sé bið Godes gewinna sé ðe wilnað ðæt hé hæbbe ða weorðunga ðe God habban sceolde hostis Redemtoris est, qui ejus vice ab ecclesia amari concupiscit, Past. 141, 21. Feónda gewinna (Guthlac), Gú. 934. Gé gehýrað hæleða gewinnan, sé þyssum herige mæ-acute;st hearma gefremede, þæt is Andreas, An. 1199. Helle dióful . . . gecwæð 'Sleáð synnigne ofer seolfes múð folces gewinnan' (St. Andrew), 1303. Sáwla gewinnan (the devil), Jul. 555. (2) a rival, competitor:--Gewinna emulus, Wrt. Voc. ii. 143, 45. II. of things that have opposite qualities, a contrary:--Gód and yfel bióþ simle gewinnan bonum malumque contraria sunt, Bt. 36, 3; F. 174, 36. v. eald-, ealdor-, láþ-, mód-gewinna.

ge-winnan. Dele in Dict. first two passages under I, and the fourth under II (v. IV below), and add: I. intrans. To strive, contend, fight:--Gewon conflixit, i. certavit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 133, 23. (1) of hostile action against a person:--Guðlác ána gewon, Gú. 421. (2) to make war, war, fight:--Hé heardlíce gewon wiþ Æþelbald cyning, Chr. 741; P. 44, 23. Wénde man þæt þæt gewin geendad wæ-acute;re, þá þá wæ-acute;ron gefeallen þe þæ-acute;r mæ-acute;st gewunnan ducibus occisis finita bella videbantur, Ors. 3, 11; S. 148, 27. Æfter þæ-acute;m gewunnon Demetrias and Lisimachus Lysimachus adversus Demeírium pugnavit, S. 152, 1. II. trans. To get by effort what is striven for. (1) of peaceful effort:--Him bið leán gearo þæs wé magon fremena gewinnan reward shall await him from any good we may gain, Gen. 437. His hyldo is unc betere tó gewinnanne þonne his wiðermédo, 660. Hí wilniað welan and æ-acute;hta and weorðscipes (-as?) tó gewinnanne opes, honores ambiant, Met. 19, 44. Wénþ þ-bar; hit hæbbe sum heálic gód gestrýned ðonne hit hæfþ gewunnen þæs folces ólecunga favor popularis, quae videtur quandam claritudinem comparare, Bt. 24, 3; F. 82, 24. (2) of violence:--Hwá mid orde æ-acute;rost mihte on fæ-acute;gean men feorh gewinnan, By. 125. (2 a) to get by fighting, (α) to conquer a people or country, overcome enemies:--Alexander gewonn ealle Mandos and ealle Ircaniam . . . Æfter þæ-acute;m wonn Alexander wið Parthim, and hé hié neáh ealle fordyde æ-acute;r hé hié gewinnan mehte . . . and hé gewonn Drancas þ-bar; folc Alexander Hyrcanos et Mardos subegit . . . Post haec Parthorum pugnam adgressus: quos delevit propemodum antequam vicit. Inde Drangas subegit, Ors. 3, 9; S. 130, 8-15. Hér cóm Willelm and gewann Ænglaland, Chr. 1066; P. 196, 1. Gewin &l-bar; oferwin (expugna) þá onwinnende mé, Ps. L. 34, 1. Folc þe æ-acute;r nán folc ne mehte mid gefeohte gewinnan, Ors. 3, 7; S. 112, 31. Þeód wæs gewunnen wintra mænigo the people was in subjection many years, Met. 1, 28. Hí þ-bar; land hæfdon gewunnen, Bt. 38, 1; F. 194, 9. (β) to take a town, castle, &c.:--Hé þá burg gewann urbem expugnavit et cepit, Ors. 3, 7; S. 112, 16: 3, 9; S. 136, 2. Hér Regnold cyng gewan Eoferwíc, Chr. 923; P. 105, 1. Hí þá castelas gewunnan, 1069; P. 203, 4. (γ) to take things as spoils of war:--Þá men of Hæstingaceastre gewunnon his twá scypa, Chr. 1050; P. 170, 6. Hí þone castel tóbræ-acute;con and unárímendlice gærsuman þæ-acute;rinne gewunnan, 1069; P. 204, 19. (δ) where the object is non-material, to gain victory, dominion, power, &c.:--Se woruldcempa gecyrð, syððan hé sige gewinð, hám tó his wífe, Hex. 36, 17. Hí gewunnon þæ-acute;r sige, Hml. S. 26, 26. Julius se Cásere Brettas mid gefeohte cnysede and hié oferswíþde, and swá þeáh ne meahte þæ-acute;r ríce gewinnan, Chr. P. p. 4, 25. III. to get as result of action what is not desired:--Hete hæfde hé æt his hearran gewunnen, Gen. 301: Sat. 719. IV. to perform with effort, undergo labour. Cf. winnan; B. II:--Him wæs manna lufu tó ðæs mycel þ-bar; him næ-acute;nig gewin tó lang ne tó heard ne þúhte þæs þe hé heora sáulum tó hæ-acute;le and tó ræ-acute;de gewinnan mihte in him was the love of men so great that none of the labour seemed to him too long or too hard that he could do for the good of their souls, Bl. H. 227, 4.

gewin-stów. Add: v. ge-win; I. 1 a:--Gewinstówe scammatis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 74, 67. On gewinstówe scammate (cum mundi scammate certant, Ald. 190, 23), 95, 9.

gewin-tíd, e; f. A time of distress, troublous time, v. gewin; II. 4:--Oþ þás gewintíde Langbeardna ad haec Longobardorum tempora, Gr. D. 210, 15.

ge-wintred. Add:--Gewintred senex, Ors. 6, 31; S. 284, 22. Wæs geworden þ-bar; Jóseph wæs geháten sum gewintrod man, eóde þyder mid iungum mannum, Hml. A. 130, 65. Ðá ðe tó ðæ-acute;m gewintrede ne beóð ne geðiegene (cf. ðá ðe unmedome bióð tó ðæ-acute;re láre oððe for gioguðe oððe for unwísdóme, 19), Past. 375, 15.

ge-wirce. v. ge-wyrce.

ge-wirdan to injure, spoil. Take here ge-wyrdan in Dict., and add:--Eác hylpð gif mon mid eástánum onbærnedum þá meoluc gewyrð (turns the milk), Lch. ii. 218, 24. Ðý læ-acute;s hié mid ðý tóle ðæt hále líc gewierden ðe hié sceoldon mid ðæt unhále áweg aceorfan dum per hoc in se sana perimunt, per quod salubriter abscindere sauciata debuerunt, Past. 365, 12. Sió scearpnes bið gewird (-wierd, v. l.) ðæs æpples acies pupillae vitiatur, 69, 3. Gif meoloc sié gewerd (cf. áwyrd, 340, 23), Lch. ii. 312, 27. v. un-gewirded.

ge-wirde. v. ge-wirþe: ge-wirdlian. Take here ge-wyrdlian in Dict., and add: (ge-æ-acute;werdledan, v. l.).

ge-wirman. Take here ge-wyrman in Dict., and add:--Seó bródige henn tóspræ-acute;t hyre fyðera and þá briddas gewyrmð, Angl. viii. 309, 26. Gewyrmede fotam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 34, 46. [O. H. Ger. ge-wermen.]

ge-wirpan. Take here ge-wyrpan in Dict., and add: (1) intrans.:--Gif hé biþ on xxx nihte ealdne mónan gestanden, uneáðe hé gewyrpð, and þeáh áríseþ, Lch. iii. 182, 26: 188, 11. Geuaerpte convaluit, Wrt. Voc. ii. 105, 17. Gewyrpte, 15, 22: 135, 41. Se mæssepreóst sealde þám ádligan of tó súpenne and hé sóna gewyrpte, and syððan leofode lange, Hml. S. 26, 265. Swelce hié læ-acute;gen on longre mettrymnesse and hié ðeáh gewierpten similes iis quos irruens gravis languor a vita non subtrahit, Past. 228, 2. Wearð him ðá geðúht swilce heó gewurpan (áwyrpan, v. l.) mihte, ac heó gewát of worulde, Hml. S. 20, 65. (2) reflex.:--Næs hé fæ-acute;ge þá gýt, ac hé hyne gewyrpte, þeáh þe him wund hrine, B. 2976. (2 a) to recover from sickness:--Hé hine þæ-acute;re seócnysse gewyrpte, Hml. S. 23 b, 656.

ge-wirþan to estimate. Take here ge-wyrþan in Dict.

ge-wirþe, es; n. Amount of so much. Take here ge-wyrþe in Dict., and add:--Hé gesealde twégra æcera gewirde landes concessit duo iugera ruris, C. D. vi. 207, 16. Heó on hire múð sende þreóra corna gewyrde, Hml. S. 23 b, 716.

ge-wis. Add:--I. of persons or personal attributes. (1) certain, not having doubt:--Se mæ-acute;sta dæ-acute;l monna ne sécþ on þ-bar; þ-bar; him forgifen is, þ-bar; is gesceádwísness (ratio), ne þ-bar; ne sécþ þ-bar; him ofer is, þ-bar; is þ-bar; englas habbaþ and wíse men, þ-bar; is gewis andget (intelligentia). . . . Gif wé hæfdon æ-acute;nigne dæ-acute;l untweógendes andgites swá swá englas habbaþ, Bt. 41, 5; F. 254, 5. Wé hine wurðiaþ mid gewissum geleáfan, Wlfst. 105, 29. Englas habbaþ gewis andgit, Bt. 41, 5; F. 252, 30, 20. Þæt gé beón gewisse ðonne úre týddernys his worda getácnunga eów geopenað, Hml. Th. ii. 88, 17. (1 a) certain of (gen.):--Him for án þúhte þ-bar; hé þæs gewiss wæ-acute;re, þ-bar; hé æ-acute;lcne man gecneówe the only thing he seemed certain of was, that he knew everybody, Hml. S. 23, 631. (1 b) certain, about (be):--'Ic wolde witan swá be Gode . . . þæt mé nán þing meahte on nánum tweónunga gebringan.' 'Gelýfst þú þæs þæt ic þé mæge dón gewisran be Gode þonne þú nú eart be ðám mónan?,' Solil. H. 18, 6. (2) having knowledge:--Gewis docta, An. Ox. 46, 7. (2 a) having knowledge of (gen.), cognizant of, acquainted with:--Ic eom gewis þínra mægena, Lch. i. 326, 4. Wé syndon gewisse þínes lífes and þínes geleáfan trumnesse wé witon nos experti sumus te, et fidei tuae valitudinem comperimus, Guth. Gr. 123, 9. Ofáxa ðæs ðe þú mæge . . . and dó ús gewisse þæs þe þú ofáxie, Hml. S. 23, 466. (3) sure, trusty, that may be relied on:--Hé heom gesette gewisne fæder (him ealdor gesette, v. l.) fratribus patrem constituit, Gr. D., 147, 24. Stiéran mon sceal strongum móde and þæt on staðelum healdan and gewis werum (to be relied on by men?), Seef. 110. II. of things. (1) certain, that does not admit of doubt, manifest, clear:--Evidens, i. manifestus, patens, perspicuus, certum sweotol, gewis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 144, 35. Þonne gewis is cum constet, i. certum est, An. Ox. 555. Hwet man gewiss wiste, Solil. H. 20, 10: 27, 2: 30, 2. Sume ðing sind gecwedene be Críste þurh getácnunge, sume ðurh gewissum ðinge. Sóð þing is and gewiss þæt Críst wæs of mæ-acute;dene ácenned, Hml. Th. ii. 268, 12-14. Gewissum clypunga ágnungum certis uocabulorum proprietatibus, An. Ox. 877. Nis nánwuht wynsumre ne gewisre ðonne þ-bar; þing þ-bar; þis spell ymbe is, Bt. 34, 5; F. 140, 12. (2) sure, unfailing:--Gewiss rata (recompensatio), An. Ox. 4, 93. On wege þæ-acute;r is gewis mægen in via virtutis suae, Ps. Th. 101, 21. God ne behét nánum elciendum gewis líf oþ mergen, Hml. S. 12, 166. Gewiss, Hml. Th. ii. 602, 29. Þé sind gehealdene ðíne méda gewisse (or adv.?), ii. 516, 24. Swefne sint gewisse, Lch. iii. 186, 19, 27. Gif hí nyston heom tóweard þ-bar; gewisse lif þára sáwla (certiorem animarum vitam), Gr. D. 271, 4. (3) free from error, unerring:--Gewisse dægmæ-acute;l ús swá tæ-acute;cað, Lch. iii. 252, 22. (4) of a course, undeviating, direct:--Hé mid micclan gefeán tó scipe gewænde and mid gewisse seglunge binnon ánum dæge cóm tó Antiochian, Ap. Th. 6, 27. In þæ-acute;re stówe fram þám nyþeran dæ-acute;le in tó þám uferan wæs samodgang þurh gewisne úpstige (trum stæ-acute;ger mid gewissum stapum v. l.) quo in loco inferiora superioribus pervius continuabat ascensus, Gr. D. 170, 24. (5)?:--Momentum ys gewyss (under III?) stów þæ-acute;re sunnan on heofenum. Þonne hé byð feówertig síðon gegaderod, þonne gefylleð hé áne tíd; and hé ys gecweden for þæ-acute;ra tungla hwætnysse momentum, þæt ys styrung a motu siderum, Angl. viii. 318, 4. III. (a) certain (thing), some; quidam:--Pilatus cwæþ: 'Myd gewyssum gesceáde (v. ge-sceád; VIII) yrn and clypa hyder tó mé þone be ys Ihs genemned,' Nic. 2, 6. On gewissum tídum (cf. hwíltídum, R. Ben. 73, 5, 6) certis temporibus, R. Ben. I. 81, 8, 9. Of gewissum intingan