This is page 27 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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AT. 27

of the very moment when anything happens, the beginning of a term;

denoting the seasons of the year, months, weeks, the hours of the day;

at Jólum, at Yule, Nj. 46; at Pálmadegi, on Palm Sunday, 273; at

Páskum, at Easter; at Ólafsvöku, on St. Olave's eve, 29th of July,

Fms.; at vetri, at the beginning of the winter, on the day when winter

sets in, Grág. 1. 151; at sumarmálum, at vetrnáttum; at Tvímánaði,

when the Double month (August) begins, Ld. 256, Grág. i. 152; at

kveldi, at eventide, Eg. 3; at því meli, at that time; at eindaga, at

the term, 395; at eykð, at 4 o'clock p.m., 198; at öndverðri æfi Abra

hams, Ver. II; at sinni, now at once, Fms. vi. 71; at öðruhverju, every

now and then. β. where the point of time is marked by some event;

at þingi, at the meeting of parliament (18th to the 24th of June), Ld.

182; at féránsdómi, at the court of execution, Grág. i. 132, 133; at

þinglausnum, at the close of the parliament (beginning of July), 140; at

festarmálum, eðr at eiginorði, at betrothal or nuptials, 174; at skilnaði,

when they parted, Nj. 106 (above); at öllum minnum, at the general

drinking of the toasts, Eg. 253; at fjöru, at the ebb; at flæðum, at flood

tide, Fms. viii. 306, Orkn. 428; at hrörum, at an inquest, Grág. i. 50

(cp. ii. 141, 389); at sökum, at prosecutions, 30; at sinni, now, as yet, v.

that word. III. ellipt., or adding 'komanda' or 'er kemr,' of the

future time: 1. ellipt., komanda or the like being understood,

with reference to the seasons of the year; at sumri, at vetri, at hausti,

at vári, next summer, winter..., Ísl. ii. 242; at miðju sumri, at

ári, at Midsummer, next year, Fas. i. 516; at miðjum vetri, Fms. iv.

237, 2. adding 'komanda' or ' er kemr;' at ári komanda, Bárð.

177; at vári er kemr, Dipl. iii. 6. IV. used with an absolute

dat. and with a pres. part.: 1. with pres. part.; at morni komanda,

on the coming morrow, Fms. i. 263; at sér lifanda, in vivo, in his life

time, Grág. ii. 202; at þeim sofundum, illis dormientibus, Hkr. i. 234;

at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all, Fms. x. 329; at úvitanda konungi,

illo nesciente, without his knowledge, 227; at áheyranda höfðingjanum,

in the chief's bearing, 235. 2. of past time with a past part. (Lat. abl.

absol.); at hræjum fundnum, on the bodies being found, Grág. ii. 87; at

háðum dómum ok föstu þingi, during the session, the courts being set, i.

484; at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks past, Band. 13; at svá búnu,

so goru, svá komnu, svá mæltu (Lat. quibus rebus gestis, dictis, quo

facto, dicto, etc.), v. those words; at úreyndu, without trial, without put

ting one to the test, Ld. 76; at honum önduðum, illo mortuo. 3.

ellipt. without 'at;' en þessum hlutum fram komnum, when all this has

been done, Eb. 132. V. in some phrases with a slight temp, notion;

at görðum gildum, the fences being strong, Gþl. 387; at vörmu spori, at

once, whilst the trail is warm; at úvörum, unawares, suddenly, Nj. 95, Ld.

132; at þessu, at this cost, on that condition, Eb. 38, Nj. 55; at illum

leiki, to have a narrow escape, now við illan leik, Fms. ix. 473; at því,

that granted, Grág. ii. 33: at því, at pessu, thereafter, thereupon, Nj.

76. 2. denoting succession, without interruption, one after another;

hverr at öðrum, annarr maðr at öðrum, aðrir at öðrum; eina konu at

annarri, Eg. 91, Fms. ii. 236, vi. 25, Bs. i. 22, 625. 80, H. E. i. 522.

C. METAPH. and in various cases: I. denoting a transforma-

tion or change into, to, with the notion of destruction; brenna at ösku,

at köldum kolum, to burn to ashes, to be quite destroyed, Fms. i. 105,

Edda 3, Sturl. ii. 51: with the notion of transformation or transfiguration,

in such phrases as, verða at e-u, göra e-t at e-u, to turn it into: a. by

a spell; verða at ormi, to become a snake, Fms. xi. 158; at flugdrekum,

Gullþ. 7; urðu þau bönd at járni, Edda 40. P. by a natural process it

can often be translated by an acc. or by as; göra e-n at urðarmanni, ' t o

make him an outlaw, Eg. 728; græða e-n at orkumlamanni, to heal him so

as to maim him for life, of bad treatment by a leech, Eb. 244: in the law

terms, sár görist at ben, a wound turning into a ben, proving to be mortal,

Grág., Nj.; verða at ljúgvætti, to prove to be a false evidence, Grág. i. 44;

verða at sætt, to turn into reconciliation, Fms. i. 13; göra e-t at reiði

málum, to take offence at, Fs. 20; at nýjum tíðindum, to tell as news, Nj.

14; verða fátt at orðum, to be sparing of words, 18; kveðr (svá) at orði,

to speak, utter, 10; verða at þrifnaði, to geton well, Fms. vii. 196:

at liði, at skaða, to be a help or hurt to one; at bana, to cause one's death,

Nj. 223, Eg. 21, Grág. ii. 29: at undrum, at hlátri, to become a wonder,

a laughing-stock, 623. 35, Eg. 553. II. denoting capacity, where

it may be translated merely by as or for; gefa at Jólagjöf, to give for a

Christmas-box, Eg. 516; at gjöf, for a present; at erfð, at láni, launum,

as an inheritance, a loan; at kaupum ok sökum, for buying and selling,

Ísl. ii. 223, Grág. i. 423; at solum, ii. 204; at herfangi, as spoil

or plunder; at sakbótum, at niðgjöldum, as a compensation, weregeld,

i. 339, ii. 171, Hkr. ii. 168; taka at gíslingu, to take as an hostage, Edda

15; eiga e-n at vin, at óvin, to have one as friend or foe, illt er at eiga

þræl at eingavin, 'tis ill to have a thrall for one's bosom friend (a proverb),

Nj. 77; fæða, eiga, at sonum (syni), to beget a son, Edda 8, Bs. i. 60 (but

eiga at dóttur cannot be said); hafa möttul at yfirhöfn, Fms. vii. 201;

verða nökkut at manni (mönnum), to turn out to be a worthy man; verða

ekki at manni, to turn out a worthless person, xi. 79, 268. 2.

in such phrases as, verða at orðum, to come towards, Nj. 26; var

þat at erindum, Eg. 148; hafa at veizlum, to draw veizlur (dues) from, 'Fms. iv. 275, Eg. 647; gora e-t at álitum, to take it into consideration,

Nj-3. III. denoting belonging to, fitting, of parts of the whole

or the like; vóru at honum (viz. the sword) hjölt gullbúin, the sword was

ornamented with a hilt of gold, Ld. 330; umgörð at (belonging to) sverði,

Fs. 97 (Hs.) in a verse; en ef mór er eigi at landinu, if there be no turf

moor belonging to the land, Grág. ii. 338; svá at eigi brotnaði nokkuð

at Orminum, so that no harm happened to the ship Worm, Fms. x. 356;

hvatki er meiðir at skipinu eðr at reiðinu eðr at viðum, damage done

t o ..., Grág. ii. 403; lesta (to injure) hús at lásum, við eðr torfi,

110; ef land hefir batnað at húsum, if the land has been bettered as to

its buildings, 210; cp. the phrase, göra at e-u, to repair: hamlaðr at

höndum eðr fótum, maimed as to hands or feet, Eg. 14; heill at höndum

en hrumr at fótum, sound in band, palsied in foot, Fms. vii. 12; lykill at

skrá, a key belonging, fitting, to the latch; hurð at húsi; a key 'gengr

at' (fits) skrá; and many other phrases. 2. denoting the part by which

a thing is held or to which it belongs, by; fá, taka at..., to grasp by ...;

þú tókt við sverði hans at hjöltunum, you took it by the bill, Fms. i. 15;

draga út björninn at hlustum, to pull out the bear by the ears, Fas. ii. 237;

at fótum, by the feet, Fms. viii. 363; mæla (to measure) at hrygg ok at

jaðri, by the edge or middle of the stuff, Grág. i. 498; kasta e-m at

höfði, head foremost, Nj. 84; kjósa e-n at fótum, by the feet alone, Edda

46; hefja frændsemi at bræðrum, eða at systkynum, to reckon kinship by

the brother's or the sister's side, Grág. i. 28; kjósa at afli, at álitum, by

strength, sight, Gs. 8, belongs rather to the following. IV.

in respect of, as regards, in regard to, as to; auðigr at fé, wealthy

of goods, Nj. 16, 30, 51; beztir hestar at reið, the best racehorses,

186; spekingr at viti, a man of great intellect, Ld. 124; vænn (fagr) at

áliti, fair of face, Nj. 30, Bs. i. 61; kvenna vænst at ásjónu ok vits

munum, of surpassing beauty and intellect, Ld. 122; fullkominn at

hyggju, 18; um fram aðra menn at vinsældum ok harðfengi, of surpass-

ing popularity and hardihood, Eb. 30. 2. a law term, of challenging

jurors, judges, or the like, on account of, by reason of; ryðja (to challenge)

at mægðum, guðsifjum, frændsemi, hrörum ...; at leiðarlengd, on account

of distance, Grág. i. 30, 50, Nj. (freq.) 3. in arithm. denoting pro

portion; at helmingi, þriðjungi, fjórðungi, tíunda hluta, cp. Lat. ex asse,

quadrante, for the half, third... part; máttr skal at magni (a proverb),

might and main go together, Hkr. ii. 236; þú munt vera at því mikill

fræðimaðr á kvæði, in the same proportion, as great, Fms. vi. 391, iii.

41; at e-s hluta, at... leiti, for one's part, in turn, as far as one is con

cerned, Grág. i. 322, Eg. 309, Fms. iii. 26 (freq.): at öðrum kosti, in the

other case, otherwise (freq.) More gener., at öllu, öngu, in all (no) respects;

at sumu, einhverju, nokkru, partly; at flestu, mestu, chiefly. 4. as

a paraphrase of a genitive; faðir, móðir at barni (= barns); aðili at

sök (= sakar a.); morðingi at barni (= barns), faðerni at barni (barns);

illvirki at fé manna (cp. Lat. felo de se), niðrfall at sökum (saka), land

gangr at fiskum (fiska), Fms. iv. 274, Grág. i. 277, 416, N. G. L. i. 340,

K. Þ. K. 112, Nj. 21. 5. the phrase 'at sér,' of himself or in

himself, either ellipt. or by adding the participle görr, and with the

adverbs vel, ilia, or the like; denoting breeding, bearing, endowments,

character ...; væn kona, kurteis ok vel at sér, an accomplished, well-bred,

gifted lady, Nj. I; vitr maðr ok vel at sér, a wise man and thoroughly

good in feeling and bearing, 5; þú ert maðr vaskr ok vel at þér, 49;

gerr at sér, accomplished, 51; bezt at sér görr, the finest, best bred man,

39, Ld. 124; en þó er hann svá vel at sér, so generous, Nj. 77; þeir

höfðingjar er svá vóru vel at sér, so noble-minded, 198, Fms. i. 160: the

phrase 'at sér' is now only used of knowledge, thus maðr vel að sér

means clever, a man of great knowledge; illa að sér, a blockhead. 6.

denoting relations to colour, size, value, age, and the like; hvitr,

svartr, grár, rauðr ... at lit, white, swarthy, gray, red ... of colour, Bjarn.

55, 28, Ísl. ii. 213, etc.; mikill, litill, at stærð, vexti, tall, small of

size, etc.; ungr, gamall, barn, at aldri, young, old, a child of age;

tvítugr, þrítugr ... at aldri, twenty, thirty ... years of age (freq.):

of animals; kyr at fyrsta, öðrum ... kálfi, a cow having calved once,

twice..., Jb. 346: value, amount, currency of money, kaupa e-t at

mörk, at a mark, N. G. L. 1. 352; ok er eyririnn at mörk, amounts

to a mark, of the value of money, Grág. i. 392; verðr þá at hálfri

murk vaðmála eyrir, amounts to a half a mark, 500. β. metaph. of

value, connected with verbs denoting to esteem, hold; meta, hafa, halda

at miklu, litlu, vettugi, engu, or the like, to hold in high or low esteem,

to care or not to care for (freq.): geta e-s at góðu, illu, öngu, to mention

one favourably, unfavourably, indifferently ... (freq.), prop, in connection

with. In many cases it may be translated by in; ekki er mark at

draumum, there is no meaning in dreams, no heed is to be paid to dreams,

Sturl. ii. 217; bragð er at þá barnið finnr, it goes too far, when even a

child takes offence (a proverb): hvat er at því, what does it mean? Nj. 11;

hvert þat skip er vöxtr er at, any ship of mark, i. e. however small, Fms.

xi. 2O. V. denoting the source of a thing: 1. source of infor

mation, to learn, perceive, get information from; Ari nam ok marga

fræði at Þuríði, learnt as her pupil, at her hands, as St. Paul at the feet

of Gamaliel, (just as the Scotch say to speer or ask at a person); Ari

nam at Þorgeiri afraðskoll, Hkr. (pref.); nema kunnáttu at e-m, used of