This is page 79 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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BREKKUBRUN -- BRIGÐA. 79

freq. in local names in Icel.: as a law term, the hill where public meetings were held and laws promulgated, etc., hence the phrase, leiða í brekku, to proclaim a bondsman free; ef þræli er gefit frelsi, ok er hann eigi leiddr í lög eðr b., Grág. i. 358. COMPDS: brekku-brún, v. above. brekku-megin, n. strength to climb the crest of a hill.

brek-laust, n. adj. fraudless, Grág. i. 137, 200.

brek-ráð, n. pl. a law term, an attempt at fraudulent acquisition (v. brek), Glúm. 347, Boll. 352.

brek-sekð, f. a law term, a fraudulent, mock outlawry in order to disable one from pleading his case, defined Grág. i. 121.

brek-vísi, f. an importunate request. Ld. 134.

brella, u, f. a trick; veiði-brella, a ruse, brellinn, adj. = bellinn.

brengla, að, to distort, = beygla, Fas. iii.

BRENNA, an old obsol. form brinna; pret. brann, 2nd pers. brant, mod. branst; pl. brunnu; sup. brunnit; pres. brenn, 3rd pers. brennr; old breðr, Grág. ii. 295, Fms. vii. 20 (in a verse); brenn (dropping the r), Hm. 56; with the neg. suffix, brennr-at (non urit), 153, [Ulf. brinnan; A. S. byrnan; Early Engl. to 'brenn;' Germ. brennen; the strong form is almost obsolete in Germ.] :-- to burn: 1. of a light; þeir þóttust sjá fjögr ljós b., Nj. 118, Fas. i. 340; hrælog brunnu (blazed) af vápnum þeirra, Bs. i. 509: of a candle, to burn out, eigi lengr en kerti þat brennr, Fas. i. 341, 342; cp. Fms. viii. 276. 2. to be consumed by fire; kyrtillinn var brunninn, Fms. xi. 420; nú breðr viðara en hann vildi, the fire spreads wider than he would, Grág. l.c. β. of a volcano; er hér brann hraunit, er nú stöndu vér á, Bs. i. 22; brann þá Borgarhraun, Landn. 78, Ann. several times. γ. b. upp, to be burnt up. Grág. i. 459, K. Þ. K. 42; b. inni, to perish by fire, Gþl. 252, Nj. 198, 200. δ. to fester, Fms. xi. 288. ε. to be scolded, Eb. 198; skulu grónir grautar dílarnir þeir er þú brant, 200. 3. metaph. in the phrase, e-t or e-s hlutr brennr við, one's lot or portion of meat gets burnt in the cooling, one gets the worst of it; broth 'brennr við,' is burnt: ortu bændr þegar á um bardagann (they made an onslaught), en þó brann brátt þeirra hlutr við, but it grew soon too hot for them, Fms. iv. 250; Sigurðr kvað sitt skyldu við brenna, quoth Sigurd, he would get the worst of it, i.e. it would never do, Fær. 236: the phrase, e-t brennr fyrir, or e-t rautt brennr fyrir, of bright hopes, rautt mun fyrir b. ok til virðingar snúa, Fs. 68; mun enn nokkut fyrir b. er þér komit heim, Fas. iii. 81.

brenna, d, with acc. to burn; b. bál, to burn or light a balefire, Hervar. S. (in a verse). 2. to destroy by fire, devastate, Fms. xi. 391, Ann. 1329, 1289: b. upp, to burn up, Eg. 49; b. e-n inni, to burn one alive, Nj. 115, Grág. ii. 128, Landn. 215, v.l. 3. medic, to cauterise (of hot iron), Grág. ii. 133; b. e-m díla, to burn spots on one's back, body (medic.), Bs. 1. 644. β. metaph. to brand one's back; eigi þurfu Danir at hælast við oss Norðmenn, margan díla höfum vér brent þeim frændum, Hkr. iii. 148; b. e-m illan díla, id., Fbr. 190 (in a verse). γ. b. kol, to burn, i.e. make charcoal (cp. charcoal-burner), Grág. i. 200. δ. part., brennt silfr, gull = skírt silfr, gull, pure silver, gold, K. Þ. K. 172, 152; eyrir brendr (= eyrir brends silfrs), mörk brend, Fms. ix. 421, Hkr. iii. 12; b. gull, Fms. xi. 77.

brenna, u, f. fire, burning, Grág. ii. 129, Nj. 158, 199; Njáls brenna, Blundketils brenna, etc., Ann. 962, 1010: the burning of a dead body, Edda 38 (= bálför). β. astron., according to Finn Magnusson (Lex. Mythol.) Sirius is called Loka brenna, the conflagration of Loki, referring to the end of the world. COMPDS: brennu-maðr, m. an incendiary, Nj. 203. brennu-mál, n. action for fire, Nj. 210. brennu-saga, u, f. a tale of a fire, Nj. 269. brennu-staðr, m. the place where a fire has been, Grág. ii. 128. brennu-sumar, n. a summer of fires, Sturl. i. 165. brennu-vargr, m. a law term, an incendiary (outlawed), defined N. G. L. i. 46, Sturl. iii. 261.

brennandi, m. fire, Fms. i. 63 (in a verse).

brennir, m. id., Edda (Gl.)

brenni-steinn (brennu-steinn, brenna-steinn), m. brimstone, sulphur, Sks. 391; Icel. sulphur mentioned in the 12th and 13th centuries, Arna b. S., D. I., H. E., etc.; b. logi, a sulphur lowe or flame, Rb. 336; b. vatn, a sulphur well, Stj. 91; b. þefr, a smell of brimstone, id.

BRESTA, pret. brast, pl. brustu; part. brostinn; pres. brest, [A. S. berstan, per metath.; Engl. to burst; Germ. bersten; Swed. brista; Dan. briste] :-- to burst, be rent; jörðin brast (the earth burst) undir hesti hans, Nj. 158; steinninn brast, the rock was rent, Bs. i. 5. β. to break with a crash; brast þú boginn í tvá hluti, Hkr. i. 342, Gísl. 81; brestr röng, the rib of a barrel creaks, Jb. 398: the hoops of a vessel bresta (burst), Fs. 132; skulfu lönd, en brustu bönd (of a tub), Jón Þorl. 2. to crash, of the sound alone; hófarnir brustu í veggjunum, the hoofs dashed against the wall, Grett. 25 new Ed.; hvat brast þar svá hátt, Hkr. i. 342; þá brast strengr á skipi, then twanged the bowstring on the ship, Fms. i. 182; brestandi bogi, the twanging bow, Hm. 84. β. to burst forth, of a stream, avalanche, or the like; brestr flóð, of an avalanche, Gísl. 33; skriða brast, id., Fms. v. 250; blóð brestr út, the blood bursts out, from a blow, N. G. L. i. 342. γ. a milit. term, flótti brestr, the ranks break in flight, when the host is seized by panic; þá brast flótti í liði Flosa, Nj. 246; er meginflóttinn brast, Fms. viii. 229; brast þá flótti á Vindum, xi. 233; bardagi brestr, the battle bursts out, begins, (rare and as it seems GREEK.), Fas. i. 34. δ. b. or b. á, to burst or break out, a storm, gale, cp. Bs. i. 78 (vide however s.v. bera C. IV): b. or b. út, to ebb, but only of the first turning of the tide, Bb. 2. 15; augu b., the eyes break in death, v. auga; hence helbrostið auga. II. impers., e-n (acc.) brestr e-t (acc.), one lacks, falls short of; brast Sigríði (acc.) fimm tigi hundraða, Dipl. v. 3; ef oss brestr á borði, if we fall short, get the worst of it, Fms. ix. 507; eigi brestr mik árædi, Fs. 62; á mið þau er aldri mun fisk (Ed. wrongly fiskr) b., Bárð. 169; ef eitt orð (acc.) brysti, Fms. iv. 71; hann vissi þessa sína ætlan brostna (frustrated), Bs. i. 289; þat mun aldri b., that will never fail, Grett. 24 new Ed.: hamingjuna brestr, Fms. vi. 155 (Ed. hamingjan).

brestr, m. pl. ir, (old acc. pl. brestu, Jd. 25), an outburst, crash, Eb. 230, of a blow against a metal ring; steinarnir kómu saman, ok varð þar við b. hár, Glúm. 375 (cp. heraðs-brestr, vá-brestr), Fms. xi. 6, 7, Fbr. 148, Hkr. i. 342; her-brestr, the crash produced by a sort of powder (cp. Albertus Magnus), Bs. i. 798, 799; í þeim eldi léku laus björg stór sem kol á afli, svá at í þeirra samkomu urðu brestir svá stórir, at heyrði norðr um land (of a volcano), 803; mátti heyra stóra bresti, i.e. the clash of spears, Flov. 33. II. a chink, fissure, esp. in jewellery; b. á gulli, Vkv. 25, cp. 24; vóru gimsteinar svá heilir at eigi var b. á þeim, Joh. 623. 20; kom mér þá í hug, at b. hafði verit á hringnum, ... fleiri brestina, Ld. 126; cp. the phrase, berja í brestina, v. berja, to cry off a bargain, Nj. 32. 2. metaph. a crack, chink; bresti er í þeim ráðahag hafa verit, Ld. 128. β. want, loss; hvert ábati eðr b. í varð, Fms. xi. 441; þar eptir fylgir b. bús, Bb. i. 12; hýbýla-brestr, domestic misfortune, Gísl. 79. III. a rattle (hrossa-brestr).

bretta, tt. [brattr], to turn upwards; b. halann, Hkv. Hjörv. 20; cp. bera halann bratt: in mod. use of the clothes, sleeves, etc., to fold up; b. nefið, brýrnar: hence brettur, f. pl. comical contortions of the face.

breyma, used as adj. ind., b. köttr, a she-cat at heat.

breysk-leikr (-leiki), m. weakness of body, Stj. 21: in moral sense, Magn. 504, K. Á. 200.

BREYSKR, adj. (akin to brjósk), properly brittle: b. leirpottr, a brittle earthen pot, Sks. 543; kerin b., Stell. 1. 72: chiefly metaph. in moral sense, weak, infirm; andinn er fús, en holdið er b. . Matth. xxvi. 41, Stj. 55, 248, Sks. 688. 13: in mod. writing often spelt with i.

BREYTA, tt, [braut, via], to alter, change: bregða implies the notion of breach, breyta simply denotes change: with dat.; b. farveg (of a river), to form a new channel, Grág. i. 350, Nj. 4, Ld. 158, Fms. ii. 158, Fb. i. 292; flestar Þjóðir þurfa at b. (transform) nafni hans til sinnar tungu, Edda 14; þá vóru snjóvar miklir ok breyttir (changed, become impassable) vegir allir, Eg. 543, Rb. 262 (where the acc. is wrong;). β. reflex., hafa þau ekki breyzk síðan, they have not changed since, Fms. viii. 5. γ. to vary; b. háttum, to vary the metre, Edda 121; b. hári sínu, to dress the hair, Greg. 45; b. málum, to speak rhetorically, dress one's words, Fms. vi. 392; réttr ok b., plain and artificial, Edda 120; úbreyttr, plain. II. metaph., absol. without case, to conduct oneself, act, do, behave; ef við breytum svá, if we do so, Nj. 202, Ísl. ii. 181, Fms. i. 150; b. eptir e-m, to imitate, Symb. 15; b. til e-s, to attempt, Grág. ii. 94. 2. in mod. use chiefly in moral sense, to behave, conduct oneself; b. vel, illa, kristilega, cp. breytni, N. T., Vidal., Pass.

breyti-liga, adv. strangely, Fs. 42, Korm. 54. Lv. 77, Fms. vi. 374.

breyti-ligr, adj. strange, Sturl. iii. 302.

breyting, f. change, N. G. L. i. 382.

breytinn, adj. variable, Post. 645. 90.

breytni, f. change; göra b. á um e-t, to make an alteration in a thing, Fas. iii. 155, Mag. 5, Fs. 98; b. í klæðnaði, fashion, N. G. L. iii. 262: new fashion, Grág. i. 338; ný-breytni, Snót 68; hann kvaðst eigi nenna enn um sinn at hafa þessa b., he said that he was not yet minded to, viz. to be baptized, Fs. 77, Nj. 13 (shape, nature). 2. in mod. usage chiefly moral conduct, acting; eptir-breytni, imitation.

Brezkr, adj. Welsh, Fms., etc.; mod. British.

BRIGÐ, f. [bregða A. H.], a law term, 'jus retrahendi,' a right to reclaim, chiefly of landed property; eiga b. til lands; fyrnist þá eigi brigðin, then the right of reclamation will not be lost, Grág. ii. 202 sqq.; cp. Landbrigð and Landbrigða-þáttr, one of the sections of the law; cp. also óðals-brigð (Norse), vide Gþl. 295 sqq.: also brigð á dómi, change of a doom or sentence, Sks 588 B: kaupa e-t í brigð við annan, to purchase a thing already bought by another man, Rd. 252; engi brigð (neut. acc. pl. enga?) mun ek her á göra, where brigð nearly means protest, Fms. ii. 25. 2. gener. breaking, breach; vináttu-brigð, breach of friendship, fickleness, Hm. 83. COMPD: brigðar-maðr, m. a law term, one whose lands are escheated, but may be redeemed, Grág. ii. 253, Gþl. 290.

brigða, ð, (mod. að), [bregða], a law term, to escheat; with acc., b. land, lönd, Grág. ii. 202 sqq.; b. e-m frelsi, to abrogate, i. 203; b. fé (of the forfeiture of a deposit), 183. In the Norse sense, vide Gþl. 295 sqq., Jb. 188 sqq., Dipl. v. 16. 2. with dat. (irreg.), b. jörðu, Gþl. 300: to make void, b. dómi, 23; b. sáttmáli, Stj. 382: part, brigðandi = brigðarmaðr, Grág. ii. 204.