This is page 81 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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BRJÓTR -- BROTTHLAUP. 81

burglars), 593; b. upp kirkju, Fms. ix. 12; b. upp hlið, to break up a fence, K. Þ. K. 84. β. b. upp, to break up a package, unpack; brýtr hann nú upp gersemar sínar, Fær. 6 :-- as a naut. term, b. upp means to bring out victuals for the mess, Dan. bakke op; jarl ok hans menn b. upp vistir ok setjast til matar, Fms. xi. 147: milit., b. upp vápn means to take arms, prepare for battle (in a sea fight); brjóta upp vápn sín ok berjask, Fær. 85; menn brutu upp um annan öll vápn, Fms. vi. 313 (in a verse). γ. b. or b. saman, to fold (clothes or the like); b. sundr, to unfold, Nj. 171: in mod. usage also b. bréf, to fold a letter (hence brot, to denote the size of a book); b. upp bréf, to break a letter open, Barl. 181; b. blað, to fold down a leaf in a book, etc.; b. út, to break (a channel) through, Landn. 65 (of a river); þá var út brotinn óssinn, Bs. i. 315. 4. various metaph. phrases; b. bág við, to fight, v. bágr, Fas. i. 43; b. odd af oflæti sínu, to break the point off one's pride, to humble oneself, Nj. 94 (where to disgrace oneself); b. straum fyrir e-u, to break the stream for one, metaphor from a post or rock in a stream, to bear the brunt of battle, Orkn. 344; b. bekrann, vide bekri, Grett. 5. metaph. to break, violate, lög, rétt, etc.; mun ek þó eigi fyrir þínar sakir brjóta lögin né konungs tignina, eða svá landsréttinn, Fms. iv. 263; en þér, konungr, brutuð lög á Agli, you broke the law in Egil's case, Eg. 416, Fms. x. 401; at þú brjótir lög þín, xi. 93; engi skyídi annars ráð brjóta, Bret.; b. á bak, to infringe, Fas. i. 528 (cp. lög-brot, laga-brot); b. af við e-n, to wrong one, iii. 551: in theol. sense, H. E. i. 460 (vide af-brot, mis-brot, crime, sin): absol. to transgress, brjóta þau ok bæði, ok göra hórdóm, K. Á. 134. β. denoting force, to force, compel; b. menn til Kristni, Ld. 178, Fms. i. 142; til trúar, Fs. 98; til hlýðni, to force to submission; allt landsfólk var undir brotið ríki þeirra, all people were brought under their rule, Fms. iv. 64; hón er í hernaði ok brýtr undir sik víkinga, Odd. 22; b. konu til svefnis, a law term, violare, Grág. i. 338. II. reflex., with prepp. í, ór, um, út, við, or adv. braut; brjótask, to break in, out, etc.; hann brauzk í haug Hrólfs Kraka, Landn. 169; brjótumk vér þá burt ór húsinu, to break out of the house, Fas. i. 88; brjótask á, to break in upon, press; Önundr brauzk á hurðina, Onund tried to break in the door, Fs. 101, Fms. vii. 187; b. fram, to break forth, Bb.; b. milli, to break out between, Bs. i. 634; b. út, to break out, esp. in the metaph. sense of plague, disease, fire, or the like; er út brýzk vökvi ok úhreinindi, Greg. 22 (út-brot, a breaking out, eruption); b. um, to make a hard struggle (e.g. of one fettered or pinioned); því harðara er hann brauzk um, Edda 20; björn einn brauzk um í vök, Fs. 146; af ofrgangi elds þess er um brýtsk (rages) í grundvöllum landsins, Sks. 151; b. við e-t, to struggle (wrestle) hard against; þeir brutusk við skóga eðr stóra steina, of enraged berserkers, Fas. i. 515: metaph. to fight hard against, hann brauzk við heiðinn lýð, Fms. xi. 396; b. við ofrefli, to fight against odds, Ísl. ii. 394: absol. to strive hard, Stj. 411; Hákoni jarli var ekki mikit um at b. við borgargörðina, Haco did not care to exert himself much about making the burg, Fms. ix. 46: with dat., b. við e-u, to fight against (in a bad sense); b. við gæfu sinni, to break with one's good luck, iv. 233; b. við forlögunum, to struggle against fate, Fs. 20; b. í e-u, to be busy, exert oneself in a thing; eigi þarftú í þessu at brjótask lengr, i.e. give it up, Fms. iii. 102; því at þessi maðr Ólafr brýzk í miklu ofrefli, this man Olave struggles against great odds, iv. 77. 2. recipr., þeir rérust svá nær, at brutusk árarnar fyrir, that they broke one another's oars, Fms. viii. 216. III. impers. in a pass. sense; skipit (acc.) braut í spán, the ship was broken to pieces, Ld. 142; skip Þangbrands braut austr við Búlandshöfða, Nj. 162; tók út skip Þangbrands ok braut mjök, Bs. i. 15: of a house, or the like, destroyed by wind or wave, þá braut kirkju (acc.), the church was blown down, 30: the phrase, straum (acc.) brýtr á skeri, the stream is broken against a skerry (rock); strauminn braut á öxlinni, the stream broke against his shoulders, Grett. 140 (the new Ed.), the old Ed. straumrinn -- not so well; lá (acc.) brýtr, the surf breaks, abates, Edda (Ht. verse 78). IV. part. brotinn, broken; sverð slæ ok brotin, Hkr. i. 343: as adj. in such compds as fót-brotinn, væng-brotinn, háls-brotinn, hrygg-brotinn, etc., with broken leg, wing, etc.

brjótr, m. one that breaks, a destroyer, mostly in compds or poët., Hým. 17, Lex. Poët.

BROÐ, n. [Engl. broth; Germ. brod], broth: still used in the east of Icel.: occurs in the compd word broð-gýgr, a broth-cook, in a verse in the Laufás Edda, and wrongly explained in Lex. Poët, to be = brauð-gýgr.

brodd-geiri, a, m. a spear-formed piece (geiri, goar) of land, Dipl. iv. 15, Grett. 89, new Ed. brot- wrongly.

brodd-högg, n. a blow from a pike, Fms. ix. 528.

BRODDR, m. [A. S. brord; O. H. G. brort; Goth. brozds is suggested], a spike, Eg. 285. β. a kind of shaft, freq. in Lex. Poët., Fms. vii. 211, Fas. ii. 118; handbogi (cross-bow) með tvennum tylptum brodda, N. G. L. ii. 427; örfa skeptra (shafts) eðr brodda, i. 202. γ. a sting, of an insect, Grönd. 46: metaph., dauði, hvar er þinn b., 1 Cor. xv. 55. δ. of the spikes in a sharped horse-shoe or other shoe, mannbroddar, ice-shoes, Þorst. Hv. 46, Eb. 238, 240, Acts ix. 5; in a mountaineer's staff (Alpen-stock), Bárð. 170. 2. metaph. [cp. O. H. G. prurdi = ordo], milit. the front (point) of a column or body of men, opp. to hali, the rear; b. fylkingar and fylkingar broddr, Al. 56, 32; cp. ferðar-broddr, farar-broddr, Ld. 96, of a train of cattle and sheep. β. the phrase, vera í broddi lífsins, to be in the prime of life, Al. 29. γ. the milk of cows and ewes immediately after calving and lambing. δ. botan. a spike on a plant.

brodd-skot, n. a shot with a shaft (b.), Fms. viii. 359, ix. 528.

brodd-spjót, n. a pike in the form of a bayonet, Fas. ii. 29.

brodd-stöng, f. a (mountaineer's) pole with an iron spike, Valla L. 212.

brodd-ör, f. a shaft, = broddr, Fas. ii. 344.

BROK, n. bad, black grass; hence Brok-ey, an island, Landn.; cp. broki, a, m. a nickname, Fms. ix.

brokkari, a, m. [brocarius = a cart, Du Cange], prop. a cart-horse, hence a trotter, Karl. 48; from brokk, n. a trot; brokka, að, to trot; freq. but of foreign origin.

BROKKR, m., prop. a badger (?), [Germ., Scot., and Old Engl. brock.] β. the name of a dwarf, Edda. 2. a trotter, of a horse.

BROSA, brosti; pres. brosi; sup. irreg. brosat, -- to smile; þá brosti Rútr, Nj. 35, Fms. ii. 197; b. at e-u, to smile at a thing; at því brosi ek, at ..., id., Þórð. 26, Orkn. 374, Fms. v. 178; b. við, to smile in reply; Guðrún leit við honum ok brosti við, Ld. 246, Fms. vi. 359; b. lítinn þann, Lat. subridere, iv. 101.

brosa, u, f. so in old writers, in mod. usage always bros, n., -- a smile: in the phrase, mæla, svara, með (við) brosu, to reply with a smile; við brosu, Sturl. ii. 195; með brosu, Orkn. 464.

bros-leitr, adj. of smiling face, Þjal. 18.

bros-ligr, adj. comical, Sturl. i. 24, Fms. iii. 113.

BROSMA, u, f. gadus monopterygius, a fish, Norse brosme, Edda (Gl.)

BROT, n. [brjóta, cp. O. H. G. broti = fragilitas], gener. a broken piece, fragment: 1. esp. in pl., gimsteina brot, 623. 20, 544. 39; brota-silfr, old silver broken to be recast; nú eru tekin Grásíðu brot, Gísl. 18; gullhringrinn stökk í tvá hluti, ok þá er ek hugða at brotunum ..., Ld. 126; trogs brotin, 655 xxi; brutu bar í Víkinni ok ætluðu at göra sér skip ór brotunum (a wrecked ship), Grett. 88: in the compds um-brot, fjör-brot, a hard struggle, convulsions, agony; land-brot, desolation of land by sea or rivers. 2. metaph. only in pl. violation; lagabrot, breach of law; mis-brot, af-brot, transgression, freq. in theol. writers: arithm. fractions; tuga-brot, decimals, etc. 3. sing. breaking, bein-brot, q.v.; sigla til brots, to run ashore under full sail, Eg. 405 (skips-brot); cp. haugs-brot, hrygg-brot. β. a fragment; sögu-brot, the fragment of a tale, story; bókar-brot, the fragment of a MS. and the like. γ. a shallow place in a river, a firth, where the stream breaks and widens, Grág. ii. 346. δ. medic. in the phrase, falla brot, to have an epileptic fit; for the etymology see brotfall below: it is not qs. braut (away) because it is constantly spelt with an o, even in MSS. that give 'braut' constantly, e.g. the Miracle-book, Bs. i. 332-356; hann féll í brot, ok vissi þá ekki til sín löngum, 335, 336: a skin eruption (út-brot). ε. a sort of sledge of felled trees = broti; lét hann þá færa undir hann brot (a lever?) ok við þetta kómu þeir honum upp ór dysinni, Eb. 315, Mar. 89 (Fr.)

brot-fall, n. [Ormul. broþþ-fall], an epileptic fit; the spelling in the Ormulum shews the true etymology, viz. bróð-fall or bráð-fall, a sudden fall; brot- is an etymologizing blunder, 544. 39; féll sveinninn niðr ok hafði brotfall, 655 xxx; hann görði sér órar, ok lét sem hann félli í brotfall, Landn. (Hb.) 214, Bs. i. 335, 317, 120, where spelt brottfall, COMPD: brotfalls-sótt, f. id., Fms. v. 213, Bs. i, 317.

brot-feldr, adj. epileptic, Karl. 547.

brot-hljóð, n. a crashing sound.

brot-hættr, adj. brittle; b. gler, brittle glass.

broti, a, m. trees felled in a wood and left lying, Fms. vii. 320; þröngvar merkr ok brota stóra, viii. 31, 60, ix. 357.

brot-ligr, adj. guilty, Fms. xi. 444, Jb. 55, 112, 339.

brotna, að, [brotinn], to be broken, Lat. frangi, Nj. 19, K. Þ. K. 54, Fms. iv. 263; b. í span, to be broken to pieces, Eg. 405. This word is used instead of pass. to brjóta.

brotning, f. breaking, Hom. 137; rendering of Gr. GREEK, Acts ii. 42.

BROTT- [vide braut II] :-- away, in many compds.

brott-búningr, m. preparation for departure, Ísl. ii. 59, Fms. ix. 128.

brott-ferð, f. an away-going, departure, Fms. i. 69, Grág. i. 274, Sks. 337, Fs. 7, Eg. 750. brottferðar-öl, n. a parting banquet, Hkr. i. 216.

brott-flutning (mod. -ingr, m.), f. carrying off, Grett. 88, Fms. viii. 251.

brott-fúsliga, adv. (-ligr, adj.), eager to depart, Hkr. ii. 100.

brott-fúss, adj. eager to depart, Fms. xi. 128.

brott-fýsi, f. eagerness to come away, Fb. i. 188.

brott-færsla, u, f. transportation, Grág. ii. 358, 379, Jb. 219.

brott-för, f. = brottterð, Eg. 587, Fms. ix. 129, Grág. i. 151. COMPDS: brottfarar-leyfi, n. leave to go away, vacation, Orkn. 60, Hkr. ii. 158. brottfarar-öl, n. = brottferðaröl, Fms. i. 58.

brott-ganga, u, f. departure, Fms. v. 183.

brott-gangr, m. = brottganga. β. a law term, divorce, Ld. 134 (spelt brautgangr). brottgangs-sök, f. a divorce-case.

brott-hald, n. a going away, Fms. vii. 197.

brott-hlaup, n. a running away, Fms. iv. 265, Eg. 422.