This is page 125 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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EKKJA -- ELDSGOGN. 125

accident. II. poët. name of a sea-king, Edda (Gl.): botan., Ekkilsjurt, Achillaea L., Bb. 3. 75.

ekkja, u, f. [Swed. enka and Dan. enke shew that the root consonants are nk; this word is peculiar to the Scandin. tongue; even Ulf. renders GREEK by vidovo, which is the Lat. vidua] :-- a widow, Grág. i. 108, 306, Blas. 21, Bs. ii. 161, Fas. i. 223. COMPDS: ekkju-búnaðr, m. widow's weeds, Stj. 197. ekkju-dómr, m. widowhood, Stj. 197. ekkju-nafn, n. a widow's name, widowhood, Fas. i. 223, Am. 98 (MS. ekkiunam clearly a false reading = namn). ekkju-skapr, m. widowhood, Fms. x. 433. ekkju-sonr, m. a widow's son, 656 A. ii. In Edda 108 there is a distinction between hæll, a widow whose husband is slain, and ekkja, the widow of one who died a natural death; hæll is merely a poët. word and obsolete, but ekkja is in full use. In old poetry ekkja is used = a lass, girl, cp. Lapp. akka = Lat. mulier; cp. also Lex. Poët.

ekla, u, f. dearth, want, Sks. 218, v.l.; Vell-ekla, Dearth of Gold, the name of a poem, Hkr.; suml-e., scarcity of drink, Eg. (in a verse): the word is rare in old writers, but still in use in Icel., e.g. hey-e., scarcity of hay; matar-e., dearth of meat; vinnu-fólks-e., scarcity of servants.

ekla, adv. scarcely; þeir Helgi tóku e. til matar um kveldit, konungr spurði hvárt þeir væri sjúkir, Fms. v. 317 (GREEK)

EKRA, u, f. [from akr, p. 10], an acre, corn-field, Landn. 125, Al. 52, N. G. L. i. 217, Stj. 400. Judges ix. 32.

ektar- and ekta-, [Germ. echt], adj. genuine, mod. (vide ei). β. wedded; taka til ekta, to marry: chiefly used in COMPDS, ekta-maðr, m. a husband; ekta-skapr, m. matrimony, etc.; ektar-kona, u, f. a wedded wife, occurs in D. N. i. 591, (mod.)

ÉL, n., spelt iel, Edda (Kb.) 72, Fms. xi. 136; él, Hom. 109; gen. dat. pl. éla, élum; mod. élja; éljum, inserting j; [cp. Dan. iling] :-- a snow-shower; the proverb, öll él linna um síðir, every 'él' comes to an end; él eitt mun vera, ok skyldi langt til annars slíks, Nj. 200; þá görði él mikit ok illviðri, Fms. i. 175; élum ok hreggi, x. 135, xi. 136, 137; drífu-él, Orkn. 414; meðan él dró á, 396; í éli einnar stundar, 656 B. 12; él augna (poët.), tears, Edda 72. β. metaph. a shock, uproar, Hom. 109: a hot fight, ok verðr et harðasta él, Fms. xi. 32. élja-drög, n. pl. (qs. élja-dróg, f. ?), streaks of snow-showers seen far off, etc.

elda, d, mod. also að, [eldr], to light, kindle a fire, with dat. of the fuel; e. viði, Grág. ii. 211, 338; ef þeir e. görðum, grindum eðr andvirki, Gþl. 422: absol., at vér eldim úsparliga í Hvammi, Sturl. i. 67: to heat, warm, þá skulu þeir e. hús at manntali, Jb. 225; e. ofn, Hkr. iii. 115: metaph., elda hug e-s, to kindle one's mind, Hom. 107; ek skal yðra húð e. knáliga með klungrum (make you smart), Stj. 395; e. vita, to kindle a beacon, Orkn. 264; en þó eldi hér lengi af með þeim bræðrum, the spark of resentment was long felt among the brothers, Lv. 34; e. járn, to forge iron, Rkv.: the phrase, elda grátt silfr, to be bad friends, is a metaphor taken from smelting drossy silver that cannot stand the fire; þeir Stórólfr eldu löngum grátt silfr, en stundum vóru með þeim blíðskapir, Fb. i. 522. 2. to cook, or gener. to expose to a light fire. II. reflex. to be kindled; má vera at eldisk hér langr óþokki af, it may be that long ill-feeling will be kindled therefrom, Lv. 50.

eldask, d, [aldr], to grow old; eldisk árgalinn nú, Fms. vi. 251; er þá tók mjök at eldask, viii. 108; hann tekr nú at eldask (MS. öldask) mjök, xi. 51; ek finn at ek eldumk, en þverr kraptrinn, Orkn. 464; þeir hrymask eigi né eldask, Rb. 346. β. part. eldr, old, worn by age; Gísli kvaðsk eldr vera mjök frá úfriði, Sturl. iii. 10: equivocal is the phrase, eldir at ráðum ok at þrotum komnir (in the dream of king Sverrir), Fms. viii. 108, cp. Orkn. ch. 34. γ. impers. in the phrase, nótt (acc.) eldir, the night grows old (cp. elding); þá er nótt eldir, Fas. i. 147.

eld-bakaðr, part. baked on embers, Stj. 595. 1 Kings xix. 6.

eld-beri, a, m. a brasier, lantern, H. E. ii. 107, Pm. 26, 73, Jm. 12, Vm. 164; eldbera-ker, id., Pm. 106.

eld-borg, f. a volcanic crag, vide borg.

eld-bruni, a, m. fire, conflagration, D. N.

eld-böllr, m. a fire-ball, Dipl. v. 18.

eld-fimr, adj. inflammable, easily catching fire, Sks. 427.

eld-fjall, n. a fire-hill, volcano.

eld-færi, n. pl. an apparatus, for striking fire, tinder-box, Jb. 145.

eld-gamall, adj. [from Dan. ældgammel = Icel. elli-gamall], stone old, (mod. word.)

eld-glæringar, f. pl. 'fire-glare,' seen in darkness.

eld-gos, n. 'fire-gush,' a volcanic eruption.

eld-gróf and eld-gröf, f. a 'fire-groove,' Ísl. ii. 405, 417, Eb. 272, v.l.

eld-gýgr, m. a crater.

eld-gögn, n. pl. cooking-vessels, D. N.

eld-heitr, adj. hot as fire.

eld-hraun, n. a 'fire-field,' lava-field.

eld-hús (elda-hús, Eg. 397, 603, Sturl. iii. 219, Gþl. 344), n. the 'fire-house,' i.e. the hall or parlour, one of the chief rooms in ancient dwellings, where the fire was kept up, used synonymously with eldaskáli, but opp. to stofa, the ladies' room; stofa, eldhús, búr, Grág. i. 459; stofu-hurð, búr-hurð, eldahús-hurð, Gþl. 344, H. E. i. 495; eldhús eðr stofur, Grág. i. 468; gauga milli stofu ok eldhúss, Fbr. 164; cp. Gísl. 14, 15, 97, (Mant.) 324, Eb. ch. 52, vide new Ed. 98, v.l. 1, 3, 4; gékk Þorgerðr þegar inn í eldahús, Eg. 603; eldhúss dyrr, Lv. 89, Ld. 54, Sturl. iii. 218, 219; eldhúss-skot, n. id., cp. Eg. 397; eldhús-hurð, f. the hurdle of an e., N. G. L. i. 38, Gþl. l.c.; eldhús-fífl, n. a 'fireside fool,' an idiot who sits all day by the fire, Fas. ii. 114; in Sturl. iii. 219 eldahús and skáli seem to be used differently. β. it may also be used of any room having a hearth and fire, eldahús ... var þat brott frá öðrum húsum, Eg. 203; and even of a kitchen, 238, cp. Nj. 75. In mod. usage eldhús only means a kitchen.

eldi (elþi, Grág.), n. [ala], feeding, maintenance, Grág. i. ii 7, 143: the person maintained, 236: in mod. usage esp. of keeping another's lambs, sheep, in winter, hence lambs-eldi, 'lambs-keep,' an obligation on every householder to feed a lamb for the priest in winter; elda-skildagi, m. the time when the lambs are sent back (middle of May); the phrase, skila úr eldum, to send back (lambs): eldis-hestr, m. a horse kept in stall, opp. to útigangs-hestr. 2. a thing born; mislit eldi, Stj. 179. Gen. xxxi. 8; e. þat er fram fer af kviði konunnar, 656 B. 7; skaltú þiggja þat at Guði at hann gefi þér gott eldi, Mar. 3, 6, 19; komask frá e. sínu, to be delivered of a child, Fas. iii. 276; cp. upp-eldi, breeding.

eldi-brandr, m. fire-wood, fuel, Grág. ii. 261, Fms. ii. 82, viii. 358, v.l., Fbr. 97: a fire-brand, Stj. 402, Fs. 45, Þiðr. 332, Grett. 117: metaph., Post. 645. 84.

eldi-ligr, adj. elderly, Fas. i. 120, Mag. 5.

elding, f. firing, fuel, Scot. eilding, Grág. ii. 338, 358, Fs. 45; eldingar-steinar, (bituminous?) stones to make a fire, Karl. 18: smelting metals, gull er stenzk e., gold which resists the heat of the crucible, Grág. i. 501; cp. elda grátt silfr. II. lightning, also in plur., Fms. x. 30, xi. 136, Fas. i. 372, Sks. 229, Stj. 300, Al. 41: eldinga-flug, n. a flash of lightning, Rb. 102: eldinga-mánaðr, m. the lightning month, id.

elding, f. [aldr], the 'eld' or old age of the night, the last or third part of the night; allt frá eldingu ok til miðs aptans, Hrafn. 7; vakti Þórhildr upp sína menn þegar í elding, Fms. ii. 231; í elding nætr, vii. 214; kómu í elding nætr á Jaðar, Ó. H. 117. The ancients divided the night into three equal parts, of which the last was called either ótta (q.v.) or elding, (þá er þriðjungr lifir nætr, i.e. where the third part of the night is left): the mod. usage is, það er farið að elda aptr, it begins to rekindle; and aptr-elding, rekindling, as though 'daybreak' were from fire 'eldr;' but in old writers 'aptr' is never joined to these words (Anal. 193 is taken from a paper MS., cp. Fb. iii. 405, l. 6); the phrase elding 'nætr' also shews that the word refers not to daylight, but to night, and means the last part of the night, opp. to midnight, mið-nætti.

eldi-skíð, m. a log of fire-wood, Fs. 6, Þiðr. 262; loganda e., a fire-brand, Stj. 413.

eldi-stokkr, m. a log of fire-wood, Glúm. 338.

eldi-torf, n. turf for firing, Ísl. ii. 112, Dipl. v. 23, Bs. ii. 135.

eldi-viðr, m. fire-wood, Fms. ii. 82, vii. 97, K. Þ. K. 90: but, as Icel. is barren of trees, eldiviðr means fuel in general, peat, etc., Orkn. 16; torf-skurð svá sem hann þarf til eldividar, digging peat for fuel, Vm. COMPDS: eldiviðar-fátt, n. adj. wanting fuel, Fbr. 97. eldiviðar-lauss, adj. short of fuel. eldiviðar-leysi, n. want of fire-wood (fuel), Fms. vi. 146, Stj. 150. eldiviðar-stika, u, f. a stick of fire-wood, Stj. 268.

eld-ker, n. = eldberi, Am. 5.

eld-knöttr, m. a fire-ball.

eld-kveykja, u, f. kindling fire, Nj. 194: metaph., 625. 74, Mork. 7.

eld-ligr (elligr, Al. 65), adv. fiery, of fire, Greg. 19, Niðrst. 6, Fas. iii. 414, Sks. 208, Rb. 442, Stj. 98.

eld-neyti, n. fuel, Gþl. 369.

eld-næmr, adj. easily catching fire, Sks. 427, Fms. xi. 34, Mork. 7.

ELDR, m., gen. ellds, also spelt ellz, [a word that may be taken as a test of Scandin. races; Dan. ild; Swed. äld; for the Teut. nations use the word feuer, fire, which is wanting in Scandin., though used by old Icel. poets, who probably borrowed it from A. S.; on the other hand, Ulf. constantly renders GREEK by fon, Icel. funi, q.v.; in A. S. poetry and in Hel. äled = incendiary occurs a few times, and älan = Lat. urere (Grein and Schmeller); Rask suggests a Finn. origin] :-- fire. In cold climates fire and life go together; hence the proverb, eldr er beztr með ýta sonum, ok sólar sýn, fire is best among the sons of men, and the sight of the sun, Hm. 67: in reference to the healing power of fire, eldr tekr við sóttum, fire consumes (cures) fevers, 138; sá er eldrinn heitastr er á sjálfum brennr, Grett. 136 new Ed.: allit., e. né járn, fire nor iron, Edda 82; hvárki egg né eld, 162; eldr (sparks of fire) hraut or sverðum þeirra, Flóv. 29; e. þótti af hrjóta er vápnin kómu saman, Sturl. iii. 187, vide Fms. i. 292, vi. 153, vii. 338 (MS. ell), viii. 74, 202, x. 29. Nj. 74, Eluc. 19, 625. 178. β. the eruption of a volcano, Bs. i. 803, 804; jarð-eldr, 'earth-fire,' subterranean fire. COMPDS: elds-bruni, a, m. burning of fire, Stj. elds-daunn, m. smell of fire, Finnb. 242. elds-gangr, m. the raging of fire, Fms. i. 128, x. 29, Sturl. iii. 132, Bs. i. 327, Orkn. 368, 458, Sks. 141. elds-glór, n. glare of fire, Fas. iii. 471. elds-gneisti, a, m. a spark of fire, Greg. 74. elds-gólf, n. a hearth-floor, N. G. L. i. 256. elds-gögn, n. pl. materials for firing. Vm.