This is page 128 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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128 EN -- ENDA.

mætri mægð, Worthier affinity, id.; inann in harðara = harðara maim, a

hardier man, Hbl. 14; nema þú in snotrari scr, unless ibou art wiser,

Vþni. 7 í drekka in meira mjöð, to drink more mead; bita en breiðara,

to bite broader, i. e. eat with better appetite, Jjkv. 35; þars þætti skáld

in verri, where poets were kept in less honour, Jomsv. S. (in a verse); no

in heldr, neither; né hests in heldr, neither for his horse, Hrn. 60; no in

heldr hugðir sem var Hiigni, neither are ye minded as H., Gh. 3, Sdni.

36, Hkv. I. 12, Skv. I. 21: in prose, eigi in heldr ætla ek, pat...,

neither do í think, that..., Nj. 219. 3. to boot, further, moreover;

boloxar ok enn amboð nokkur, pole-axes and some tools to boot, Dipl. v.

18; ok þat enn, at, and that still more, that, Rum. 302; Ingibjorg hot

enn dóttir Haralds, Ingeburg was further Harold's daughter, Fms. i. 5.

EN or enn, conj., written an in very old MSS., e. g. Hom., Greg.,

Eluc., but in the great bulk of MSS. en is the standing form, both

ancient and modern; [formed by anacope, by dropping the initial þ;

Ulf. fjanub; A. S. þanne; Engl. than; Hel. than; O. H. G. danna; Germ.

dann, but here almost replaced by ' als;' Swed. unn; Dan. end; Norse

enn, Ivar Aasen; the anacope is entirely Scandin.] :-- than, Lat. quam;

heldr faðir an móðir, more father than mother, Eluc. 5; bjartari an sol,

brighter than the sun, Æí, C2; meira an aðrir, more than others. Grep. o t ' ^i*" *' 7 o 51; viðara an áðr, wider than before, id.; betr an þegja, better than

being silent, 96; æðri an þetta, Eluc. 51; annat an annat, one thing

rather 'ban another, 50; Ijosara an mi, 44; heldr an vér, 17; annat an

dauðan, 15; meira an Guð, 13; fyr an, 6; annat an þú ert, 59; framarr

an þeir hafa, id.; framar an vesa, 60; heldr an færi eðr fleiri, Hom. 45;

heldr an, 63; betra er þagat an mælt, 96; helgari an annarra manna,

126; framar an sin. 135, etc.; cp. Frump. 158-163: 'en' however

occurs in Hom. 126. II. the form ' en' (or ' enn') occurs passim,

Grág. i. 173, ii. 13, Al. 29, Sks. 596 B, N. G. L. i. 32, etc. etc. &&* The particle en differs in sense when placed before or after the

comparative; if before, it means still; if after, than; thus, fyrr enn, áðr

enn, before, Lat. prinsqnam, but enn fyrr, still earlier, sooner; enn heldr,

still more, but heldr enn, rather than; enn betr, s till better, but betr enn,

better than; enn síðar, s till late r, but síðar enn, later than, etc. Again,

there is a difference of sense, when neither en is a comparative; en ef,

but if; ef enn, if still, etc.

EN is now and then in MSS., esp. Norse, used = or, ef, q. v., but this is

a mere peculiarity or false spelling: 1. when; mér vórum í hjú en

( -- er) þeir, when they, D. N. i. 271; til þess en = til þess er, 8 t. 2.

as a relat. particle, which; sú hin rika frn en (which), Str.; niína clóttur

en allra meyja er fegrst, my daughter who is the fairest of all women,

þiðr. 249; af því en hann hefir fingit, Al. 145; sá ótti en, 107; en

suiigin er, which is sung, Hom. 41; but hvárt en er, whether, N. G. L. i.

349. 3. = ef, if, [cp. Old Engl. an]; sælar yæri súlurnar, en þær

vissi, if they knew, Al. 114; en þeir vildi = ef þeir vildi, 118; en ver

førirn = ef vór færiin, 120, esp. freq. in D. N. (vide Fr.) Very rare in Icel.

writings or good MSS., e. g. en ek hefi með Guðs miskunn (i. e. er ek

heti), as 7 have, because í have, Bs. i. 59, Hung. ch. 1; vide er.

ENDA, a copul. conj. with a slight notion of cause or even disjunc-

tion: [the use of this copulative is commonly regarded as a test word to

distinguish the Scandin. and the Saxon-Germ.; the A. S. ende, Engl. and,

Hel. end, Germ, imd being represented by Scandin. auk, ok, or og:

whereas the disjunctive particle is in Scandin. en, enn, or even enda,

answering to the PIngl., A. S., and Germ, aber, but; the Gothic is

neutral, unless jab, by which Ulf. renders /ecu, be -- auk, ok :-- this differ-

ence, however, is more apparent than real; for the Icel. 'enda' is pro-

bably identical with the Germ, and Saxon und, and: in most passages

it has a distinct copulative sense, but with something more than this] :--

and, etc. I. with subj., a standing phrase in the law, connecting

the latter clause of a conditional premiss, i/so and so, and if..., and

again if... ', or it may be rendered, and in c a s e that, and supposing

that, or the like. The following references will make it plainer; ef

goðitui er um sóttr, enda haft hann öðrum manni í hönd selt..., þá skal

'hann ok sekja ..., ifa suit lies against the priest, ' and'he h as named a

proxy, then the suit lies also against him (viz. the proxy), Grág. i.

()=;; ef skip hverfr ok so eigi til spurt á þrim vetrum, enda se spurt ef

þeim löndum üllum er vár tunga er á, þá ..., if a ship disappears without

being heard of for three years, 'and' inquiry has been made from all

the countries where ' our tongue' is spoken, then ..., 218; ef goðinn gerr

eigi nemna féránsdórn, enda sé hann at loguni beiddr ..., þá varðar goð-

anum fjörbaugsgarð, if the priest name not the court of ftirán, 'and'

has been lawfully requested thereto, then he is liable to the lesser outlawry,

94; nu hefir maðr sveinbarn fram fært í æsku, enda verði sá maðr veginn

siðan, þá ..., i/- a man has brought a. boy up in his youth, ' and in case

that' he (the boy) be slain, then ..., 281; ef maðr færir meybarn fram ...,

enda beri svá at..., ok (then) skal sá maðr ..., id.; ef menn selja ómaga

sinn af landi héðan, ok eigi við verði, enda verði þeir ómagar færðir út

hingat síðan, þá..., 274; hvervctna þess er vegnar sakir standa nbættar

á milli manna, enda vili menn sættask á þau mál..., þá ..., ii. 20; ef sá

maðr var veginn er á (who has) vist með konu, enda sé þar þingheyandi

nokkurr., ., þá ..., 74; þat vóru log, ef þrælar væri drepnir fyrir manni.

enda (a?i d in case thai) væri eigi færð þrælsgjöldin fyrir hina þriðju sól,

þ;i ..., Eg. 723, cp. Eb. 222; þótt maðr færi fram ellri mann, karl eðr

konu, í baniæsku, enda (a;z d in case that) berisk réttartar síðan um þá

menn, þá skal..., 281; ef þú þorir, enda sér þú nokkut at manni, if

tboti darest, 'and supposing that' thou art something of a man, Fb. i.

170, segja má ek honum tíðendin ef þú vilt, enda vekir þú hann, 'and

supposing that' thou wilt awake him, Fms. iv. 170; en þeir eru skilnaðar-

menn réttir er með hvárigum fóru heiman visir vitendr, enda (and even)

vildi þeir svá skilja þá, Grág. ii. 114; enda fylgi þeir hvárigum í brant

(supposing they), id.; hvat til berr er þú veizt úorðna hluti, enda sér þú

eigi spámaðr, supposing that thou art a prophet, Fms. i. 333. 2.

rarely with indie.; ef kona elr burn með óheimilum manni, enda gelzt þó

fé um, hón á eigi..., Eb. 225. II. even, even if, usually with

indie.; kona á sakir þær allar ef ruin vill reiðask við, enda komi (even

if) eigi fram loforðit, Grág. i. 338: in single sentences, þá skal hann

segja búum sinum til, enda á þingi, even in parliament, ii. 351: the

phrase, e. svá (even so), eigi þau handsöl hennar at haldask, enda svá þau

er, i. 334; enda er þó rétt virðing þeirra, ef..., and their taxation is

even (also) lawful, if..., 209: in mod. usage very freq. in this sense

(= even). III. denoting that a thing follows from the premiss,

and consequently, and of course, and then, or the like, and forsooth,

freq. in prose with indie.; man ek eigi optar heiinta þetta fé, enda

verða þér aldri at liði síðan, 7 shall not ca ll for this debt any more,

' and also' lend thee help never more, Vápn. iS; ef þeir eru eigi fleiri en

fimm, enda eigi fieri, if they are not more than five, and also not less,

Gn'ig. i. 38; enda eigu menu þá at taka annan logsogumann ef vilja, and

they shall then elect another speaker if they choose, 4; enda skuluni vér

þi'v leysa þik, and then of course we shall loose thee, Edda 20; varðar

honum skóggang, enda verðr hann þar óheilagr, and of course or and

even, and to boot, Grág. ii. 114; skal hann segja til þess;'i nianna-

mótum, enda varðar honum þá eigi við log, i. 343; á sá sök er hross

;'i, enda verðr sá jamt sekr um nautnina sem aðrir menu, 432; þá á siik

þá. hvárr er vill, enda skal lögsögumaðr ..., 10; enda á hann kost at

segja löglcigor á féit, ef hann vill þat heldr, 217; tnii ek honum miklu

betr en (than) öðrum, enda skal ek þessu ráða, and besides í will settle

this myself, Eg. 731; synisk þat jafnan at ek em fégjarn, enda man

svti enn, it is well knoivn that í am a money-loving man, and so it

will be too in this case, Nj. 102; beið ek af því þinna atkvæða, enda

num öllum þat bezt gegna, 7 waited for thy decision, and (as) that will

be the best for all of us, 78; er þat ok likast at þór sækit með kappi,

cnd. í munu þeir svá verja, and sowill they do in their turn, 227; Hall-

gerðr var fengsöm ok storlyiul, enda (and on the other hand) kallaði hón til

alls þess er aðrir áttu í nánd, 18; mikit ma konungs gæfa um slika

hluti, enda mun mikill frami fásk í ferðinni ef vel tekst, Fms. iv. í 29;

Ölver var málsnjallr ok muldjarfr, e. var hann vitr maðr, 235; ekki

mun ek halda til þess at þú brjótir log þín, enda eru þau eigi brotin,

ef..., neither are they broken, if..., Fb. i. 173, Mork. 81. 2. with a

notion of disjunction, and yet; eigi nenni ek at hafa þat saman, at veita

Högna, enda drepa bróður hans, 7 cannot bear to do both, help Hogni

and yet kill his brother, Nj. 145; er þér töldut Grænland vera veðrgott

land, enda er þat þó fullt af jöklum ok frosti, that you call Greenland

a mild climate, and yet it is full of frost and ice, Sks. 209 B. 3.

ellipt. in an abrupt sentence, without a preceding premiss; enda tak nu

öxi þína, and now take thy axe (implying that í can no longer prevent

thee), Nj. 58; enda þarf her mikils við, 94; maðrinn segir, enda fauk

hüfuðit af bolnum, the man continued, -- nay, the bead flew off the body,

Ld. 290: even in some passages one MS. uses ' enda, ' another ' ok, ' e. g.

skorti nu ekki, enda var drengilega eptir soft (ok var drengilega eptir sótt,

v. l.), Fms. viii. 357; cp. Fb. iii. 258, 1. 16, and Mork. 7, 1. 15: the law

sometimes uses ' ok' exactly in the sense of enda, ef maðr selr ómaga sinn

af landi brott, ' ok' verði hinn aptrreki er við tók, þá ..., Grág. i. 275.

ENDA, d, (enda, að, Fs. 8, Ld. 50, Bs. i. 865; mod. usage distinguishes

between enda að, to end, finish, arid enda t, to fulfil) :-- to end, bring to

an end; ok endi þar lit" fitt, Fms. i. 297; af ráðinn ok endaðr, Fs. I. e.;

endaðir sínu valdi, Bs. i. 865. 2. ruetaph. to bring to an end, fulfil,

perform a promise or the like; þá sy'slu er hann endi eigi, work which he

did not perform, Grág. ii. 267; þótti Heinreki biskupi Gizurr eigi enda

við konung þat sem hann hafði heitiö, Fms. x. 51; enda þeir þat er

Pali postuli mælti, Hom. 135; hefir þú komit ok ent þat er þií lofaðir,

Niðrst. 8. II. reflex, to end, come to an end; reiði mannsins

cndisk á einu augabragði, 656 A. ii. 17; er svá hefjask upp at eigi

endask, 656 B. 3; þá endisk sá enn mikli höfðingskapr Dana konunga,

Fms. xi. 205; þær endask ok byrjask jafnfram avail, Rb. 232. 2.

to last out; ok endisk þá, allt á sumar fram, Nj. 18; medan mer endask

föng til, Eg. 66; en honum endisk eigi til bess Hf, Bs. i. 77; en er

veizlor endusk eigi fyrir fjolmennis sakir, Hkr. ii. 92; ok endisk því

þetta hóti lengst, Gísl. 50; meðan ek endumk til, as long a s 7 la s t, i. e.

live, Fms. iv. 292. 3. to end well, do; enda mun þat fám bóndum

vel endask at synja mér maegðar, Ísl. ii. 215; ek veil, at þat niá honum

eigi endask, ef..., Rd. 311; ok ónguni skyldi öðruin hans kappa enzk

hafa betta nema -ber, Fas. i. 104; sesrir honum eici ella endask