This is page 131 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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EPTIBBATR -- ER. 131

17, Fas. i. 98; eptir á, kvað hinn..., 'after a bit,' quoth the..., (a proverb.)

eptir-bátr, m. an 'after-boat,' ship's boat, Eg. 374, Fms. vii. 195, 214, Orkn. 420: metaph. a laggard, Fær. 49, Ísl. i. 236.

eptir-bið, f. waiting for.

eptir-breytni, f. imitation, following, (eccl.)

eptir-bræðrasynir, m. pl. second cousins (Norse), N. G. L. i. 189.

eptir-burðr, m. second birth, Stj. Gen. xxxviii. 29.

eptir-drag, n. a trail, track; hafa í eptirdragi.

eptir-dæmi, n. example, Stj. 132, Fms. i. 141, Fær. 137, Bs. i. 263.

eptir-farandi, part. following, Stj. 10, Bs. i. 263.

eptir-ferð, f. pursuit, Eb. 296, Orkn. 442.

eptir-frétt, f. asking after, inquiry, Sks. 52, Bs. i. 632.

eptir-fylgð, f. following after one.

eptir-færilegr, adj. = Lat. investigabilis, Hom. 16.

eptir-för, f. pursuit, Eg. 593.

eptir-ganga, u, f. a going after, following, attendance, Eb. 112, Sturl. i. 14, iii. 10: prosecution of a thing, Fms. vii. 358. eptirgöngu-maðr, m. a follower, Eb. 112.

eptir-gangr, m. = eptirganga. COMPDS: eptirgangs-munir, m. pl. importunity. eptirgangs-samr, adj. pressing-one's claims, importunate. eptirgangs-semi, f. insisting upon a claim.

eptir-gengi, n. id., Bs. i. 852.

eptir-glíkjari, a, m. an imitator, follower, Bs. i. 90.

eptir-grenzlan, f. investigation.

eptir-görð, f. 'after-making,' i. e. funeral-honours, esp. gifts for the soul of the dead, Fms. x. 103, 234, Gþl. 61.

eptir-hermur, f. pl. mimicking one's voice and gesture.

eptir-hreyta, u, f. the 'after-milk,' Grönd. 182.

eptir-komandi, part. following, future, Edda 150 (pref.): a successor, Fms. ix. 328, v. l., Dipl. i. 2: in pl. offspring, Landn. 254, Stj. 386.

eptir-kæra, u, f. prosecution, Rd. 275.

eptir-köst, n. pl. after-whims.

eptir-látligr, adj. pleasing, Bs. i. 636.

eptir-látr, adj. buxom, complaisant, obedient, Nj. 68, Fms. xi. 71, Fas. iii. 196, Stj. 71, Fs. 80.

eptirlát-samr, adj. id., Stj. 11.

eptir-leiðis, adv. for the future.

eptir-leifar, f. pl. remains, Stj. 543.

eptir-leikr, m. after-play; in the proverb, óvandari er eptirleikrinn.

eptir-leit, f. search, pursuit, Nj. 133, Eb. 218, Fms. xi. 240.

eptir-leitan, f. searching for, pursuing, Fms. i. 68, vii. 106, x. 268 : metaph. request, Sturl. ii. 80, Sks. 234.

eptir-lit, n. looking after a thing. eptirlits-samr, adj. (eptirlits-semi, f.), careful, attentive.

eptir-lífi, n. indulgence, Stj. 155, Rb. 384, Sks. 619.

eptir-lífr, adj. indulgent, Mar.

eptir-líking (-glíking), f. imitation, 623. 26, Hom. 44, Fms. vi. 28, Stj. 51, Bs. ii. 157. 2. a parable, N. T.

eptir-líkjandi, part, imitator, Hom. 48, 51.

eptir-læti, n. enjoyment, Stj. 31, 51, 144, 509, Nj. 13. 2. fond indulgence (esp. foi a child), Ld. 88, Gísl. 85, Gþl. 64. COMPDS: eptirlætis-barn, n. a pet child, spoilt child. eptirlætis-líf, n. a life of indulgence, Ver. 28, 625. 28. eptirlætis-þjónusta, u, f. an act of indulgence, Stj. 78.

eptir-löngun, f. a longing after, desire for.

eptir-mál, n. an 'after-suit,' i. e. prosecution undertaken after a person is slain, properly by the next heir (aðili, q. v.), Nj. 120, 128, 166, Fms. i. 224. COMPDS: eptirmáls-maðr, m. a prosecutor, Bárð. 171. eptirmála-staðr, m. = eptirmál, Háv. 55.

eptir-máli, a, m. an epilogue, (mod.)

eptir-máll, adj. indulgent, consenting, Nj. 13.

eptir-mjölt, f. = eptirhreyta.

eptir-mynd, f. a copy, drawing, (mod.)

eptir-mælandi, part. the prosecutor in an eptirmál, Js. 40, Nj. 175.

eptir-mæli, n. fond indulgence. Fms. x. 375, Nj. 26. 2. = eptirmál. Nj. 176. 3. good report, Mar., Róm. 289.

eptir-rás, f. a running after, pursuit, Grág. i. 440, Js. 39.

eptir-reið, f. pursuit on horseback, Nj. 254, Landn. 152.

eptir-rekstr, m. a driving one to go on.

eptir-rit, n. an after-writ, copy (mod.), opp. to frumrit.

eptir-róðr, m. the rowing in pursuit of one, Hkr. iii. 94.

eptir-rýning, f. the prying into a thing, Eb. 54. COMPDS: eptirrýninga-maðr, m. a prying, inquisitive person. eptirrýninga-samr, adj. a prying man, Eb. 54, v. 1.

eptir-seta, u, f. sitting back, i. e. remaining behind, N. G. L. i. 156.

eptir-sjá (-sjón), f. the looking with desire after a lost thing, hence loss, grief, Fms. i. 258, vii. 104, Ld. 194: attending to, 298, Sturl. i. 27.

eptir-skoðun, f. a looking after, 655 xxxii. 13.

eptir-sókn, f. a seeking after, pursuing, Blas. 38, Fms. i. 222.

eptir-spurn, f. speering after, inquiring for.

eptir-staða, u, f. (-stöðvar, f. pl.), remains, arrears, B. K. 118.

eptir-staðsi, adj. remaining behind, Fms. xi. 1.

eptir-sýn, f. looking after one, Ó. T. eptirsýnar-maðr, m. = eptirmálsmaðr, N. G. L. i. 170.

eptir-takanlegr, adj. (-liga, adv.), perceptible.

eptir-tekja, u, f. produce, revenue.

eptir-tekt, f. attention: eptirtektar-samr, adj. mindful.

eptir-tölur, f. pl. an 'after-counting,' grudging.

eptir-vænting, f. expectation, N. T.

eptir-þörf, f., in the phrase, koma ekki í e., to be not amiss.

eptir-ætlandi, part, one who intends to prosecute, N. G. L. i. 165.

EPTRI, compar., and EPTSTR or epztr, superl. (also sometimes aptari, aptastr), the aftermost, hinder, hindmost: 1. loc., eptra fæti, the hind leg, Edda 28; báða fætr hina eptri, Vígl. 21 (aptr-fætr, hind leg's); til hins eptra austr-rúms, the hindmost, opp. to fremri, Fms. viii. 139; framstafninn ok hinn eptri (viz. stafn), ii. 304; eptra (aptara) hjalt (of a sword), Fas. iii. 244; at aptara stafni, 429; eigi vil ek vera aptastr allra minna manna, I will not be the hindmost of all my men, Fms. ii. 307; er raddar-staf hefir eptra í nafninu, Skálda 165. 2. temp. later, last; en eftri burðar-tíð en hin fyrri, Hom. 56; hina eftri hingatkomu Krists, 106; þá eru þeir skrökváttar er eftri báru, that last bore witness, N. G. L. i. 32; vide efri and aptr.

ER, old form es, mod. sometimes eð, but usually 'er;' indecl. Particle used as relat. pron. or as relat. adv.; in very old MSS. always es, and rhymed so by old poets; in the 12th century it changed into er. In poems and in law phrases the particle 'es' is suffixed to the pronoun or adverb, as s or z, e. g. thus: as pron., sá's = sá es (so in 'people's Engl.' he as, him as, for he who, etc.), Hkr. iii. 11 (Sighvat); dat. þeim's = þeim es, illi qui, Hm. 3, Fms. vi. 38 (Sighvat); acc. masc. þann'z or þann's = þann es, illum qui, Vsp. 45 (MS.), Od. i, Hm. 44, 120, Hým. 39, Am. 90; neut. þatz = þat es, illud quod, Hm. 39, Am. 37, Hkv. Hjörv. 3, Fms. iii. 9 (Hallfred): as conj. or adv., hvárt'z ... eða = hvárt es ... eða, utrum ... an, Grág. (Ed. 1853); hvárt'z hann vill at reiða eða ..., i. 25, 145, 152, 155, 156, 161, 233, ii. 50: as adv., þegar's = þegar es, as soon as, Grág. (Ed. 1853) i. 94, Am. 30; síðan's = síðan es, since (Old Engl. sithens, sithence), 78; even sem's = sem es, Am. 103; hvar's = hvar es, wherever, 47, Mork. 138, Hm. 138; hve's = hve es, however, 140 (MS. hvers), Skálda 190 (in a verse); þar's = þar es, there where, i. e. where, Grág. i. 46, 153, Hm. 66, Hbl. 60, Gm. 8, Ls. 50, Mork. 18, 34, 37, 62, 170, Skálda 189 (Bragi), Edda (Ht.) 124, where this anastrophe is called bragar-mál, poetical diction; hvarge's = hvarge es, wherever, Grág. ii. 44. The Icel. has no relat. pron. but only the relat. particles er and sem, both of them indecl. in gender, case, and number; in simple sentences the sense (gender etc.) is clear from the context; and the language has certain expedients to meet the deficiency.

A. Used as relat. pron. which, who, that: I. used alone,

where there is perhaps an ellipse of the demonstrative, er = er hann (þeir, þær, þeim, etc.); GREEK. nom., á þeim bæ, er Abia heitir, 625. 83; Mórðr hét maðr, er kallaðr var Gigja, Nj. 1; hann átti dóttur eina, er Unnr hét, id.; þá skulu þeir, er fær eru (who are) saman, Grág. i. 9; maðr, er þessa þurfi, id.; at þeim svörum, er verða, 19; lið þat, er þeim hafðI þangat fylgt, Fms. i. 62; konur þær, er völfur vóru kallaðar, iii. 212; þeim unga manni, er þar sitr hjá þér, id. GREEK. acc., þingfesti manna þeirra, er (quos) menn vilja sækja, Grág. i. 19; sakar þeirrar, er (quam) ek hefi höfðað, id. GREEK. gen., aðra hluti þá, er (quorum) menn viidu vísir verða, Fms. iii. 212. GREEK. dat., þann einn, er (cui) hann ann lítið, Fms. i. 86. GREEK. joined to a demonstrative; allir Þrændir, þeir er..., all the Th., who..., Fms. i. 62. II. with a prep., which, as often in Engl., is placed at the end of the sentence; er hann kom til, whom he came to; land, er hann kom frá, the land he came from; so Lat. quocum venit = er hann kom með sub quibus = er ... undir; in quibus = er ... i, etc.: the prep, may also be a penultimate, e. g. the phrase, er mér er á ván, wlich I have a hope of; or, er hann var yfir settr, whom he was set over, etc.; this use of the pronoun is undoubtedly elliptical, the corresponding demonstrative pronoun being left out, although the ellipse is not felt; þvengrinn sá er muðrinn Loka var saman rifjaðr með (Kb. omits the prep.), the lace that the mouth of Loki was stitched with, Edda 71; öðrum höfðingjum, þeim er honum þótti liðs at ván (that is to say, þeim, er honum þótti liðs van at þeim), at whose hands, i. e. from whom he thought help likely to come, Fms. i; þeir er ek mæli þetta til ( = er ek mæli þetta til þeirra), those to whom I speak, xi. 12; er engi hefir áðr til orðit, Nj. 190; in stórúðgi jötunn, er ór steini var höfuðit á ( = er ór steini var höfuðit á honum), whose head was of stone. Hbl. 15; því er vér urðum á sáttir, Fms. xi. 34; við glugg þann í loptinu, er fuglinn hafðI áðr við setið. the window close to which the bird sat. Eg.: nokkurum þeim höfðingja, er mér sé eigandi vinátta við (viz. þá). Ö. H. 78: þá sjón, er mér þykir mikils um vert (viz. hana), 74; er mér þat at sýn orðit, er ek hefi opt heyrt frá sagt (= frá því sagt), 57; til vatns þess, er Á en Helga fellr ór, 163: til kirkju þeirra, es bein eru færð til, Grág. i. 13 new Ed. 2.ellipt. the prep, being understood, esp. to avoid the repetition of it; ekirinn sá er brendr vár Ásgarðr (viz. með), Edda (pref.); hann gékk