This is page 134 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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134 ES--EYÐISKER.

reitr, a bed of peas, N. G. L. ii. 172; ertra-vellingr, Stj. 160, 161, Gen. xxv. 29: in mod. usage it is declined erta, u, f., gen. pl. ertna, ertum, etc.

es, older form of er.

ESJA, u, f. a kind of clay, freq. in Norway in that sense, vide Ivar Aasen; the name of the mountain Esja in Icel. no doubt derives its name from this clay, which is here found in abundance, Eggert Itin. ch. 21; hence Esju-berg, n. name of a farm, Landn., [eisa, and even Germ. esse, Dan. esse, Swed. ässa are kindred words.]

Esk-hyltingr, m. one from the farm Eskiholt, Sturl. ii. 145.

eski, n. [askr], an ashen box, Edda 17, 21, Fms. ii. 254, Fas. i. 237, Ísl. ii. 79; mod. spelt askja, and used of any small box.

eski-mær, f. a lady's maid, Gm. (pref.)

eskingr, m. [aska], ashes or fine snow driven by a gale, Bárð. 20 new Ed.

eski-stöng, f. an ashen pole, Róm. 232.

ESPA, að, to exasperate, irritate, probably = to make one shake like an aspen, Vídal.

espi, n. aspen wood (vide ösp), hence Espi-hóll, m. a farm, Landn.: Esphælingar, m. the men from E., id.

espingr, m. [Swed. esping], a ship's boat, Fr.

ess, n. [for. word; old Swed. örs], a steed, Fms. x. 139, Fas. iii. 471, 582, much used in romances.

ETA, proncd. éta; pret. át, pl. átu; pres. et, proncd. iet, Greg. 82; part. etið; pret. subj. æti; imperat. et; [Lat. &e-short;dere; Gr. GREEK; Ulf. ïtan; A. S. and Hel. etan; Engl. eat; O. H. G. ezan; mod. Germ. essen; Swed. äta; Dan. æde] :-- to eat, Grág. ii. 347; sem þú mátt vel e., Nj. 75; e. dagverð, Ld. 10; þar's ek hafða eitt etið, Hm. 66; e. kjöt, Greg. l.c.; at engi er hér sá inni er skjótara skal eta mat sinn en ek, Edda 31 (hence fljót-ætinn, sein-ætinn, rash or slow eating); át hvárrtveggi sem tíðast, id.; Logi hafði ok etið slátr allt, id.; et mat þinn, tröll. Fas. iii. 179. 2. metaph. to eat, consume; eigu at eta alla aura ómagans sem hann sjálfr, Grág. i. 288; eyddir ok etnir, Fms. xi. 423; sorg etr hjarta, sorrow eats the heart, Hm. 122; etandi öfund, consuming envy, Str.; Gyðingar átusk innan er þeir heyrðu þetta, the Jews fretted inwardly on hearing this, 656 C. 17. β. medic., 655 xxx. 8. γ. the phrase, eta orð sín, to eat one's own words, Karl. 478; or, eta ofan í sig aptr, id., of liars or slanderers. δ. the dubious proverb, úlfar eta annars eyrendi, wolves eat one another's fare or prey, Ld. 92; and recipr., etask af úlfs munni, to tear one another as wolves, Ísl. ii. 165; ok hefir mér farit sem varginum, þeir eta þar (etask?) til er at halanum kemr ok finna eigi fyrr. Band. 12, where MS.--þat ætla ek at mér verði vargsins dæmi, þeir finnask eigi fyrr at en þeir hafa etisk ok þeir koma at halanum, 26: as to this proverb cp. also the allusion, Hðm. 30: the mod. turn is--úlfr rekr annars erindi, so used by Hallgr.--annars erindi rekr úlfr og löngum sannast það--and so in paper MSS. of Ld. l.c., but prob. a corruption.

eta, u, f., mod. jata, a crib, manger, Hom. 36, 127, Mar. 26; in the proverb, standa öllum fótum í etu, to stand with all feet in the crib, to live at rack and manger. Gísl. 46. etu-stallr, m. a crib, manger, Orkn. 218. II. medic. cancer, Magn. 480: mod. áta or átu-mein.

etall, adj. eating, consuming, Lat. edax, 655 xxix. 6.

ETJA, atti; pres. et; part. att; but etjað, Andr. 625. 73; [it means probably 'to make bite,' a causal of eta] :-- to make fight, with dat., esp. etja hestum, of horse fights, a favourite sport of the ancients; for a graphic description of this fight see Bs. i. 633. Arons S. ch. 18, Glúm. ch. 18, Rd. ch. 12, Nj. ch. 58, 59, Vígl. ch. 7, N. G. L. ii. 126; vide hesta-þing, hesta-at, víg-hestr, etc. 2. gener. to goad on to fight; atta ek jöfrum en aldri sætta'k, Hbl. 24. β. etja hamingju við e-n, to match one's luck with another, Fms. iv. 147; e. kappi við e-n, to match one's force against one, Ld. 64, Eg. 82; e. vandræðum við e-n, 458; e. saman manndrápum, to incite two parties to manslaughter, Anecd. 14: in a good sense, to exhort, ok etjað þá þolinmæði, Andr. l.c. (rare). γ. ellipt., etja við e-t, to contend against; e. við aflamun, to fight against odds, Al. 110; e. við liðsmun, id., Fms. i. 42, ix. 39, Fs. 122; e. við ofrefli, id., Fms. iii. 9; e. við reiði e-s, Fb. i. 240. 3. to stretch forth, put forth; hann etr fram berum skallanum, he put forth his bare skull to meet the blows, Fms. xi. 132; (Icel. now use ota, að, in this sense.) II. reflex., lét eigi sama at etjask við kennimenn gamla, said it was unseemly to hoot old clergymen, Sturl. i. 104; er ofstopi etsk í gegn ofstopa, if violence is put against violence, 655 xxi. 3. 2. recipr. to contend mutually; ef menn etjask vitnum á, if men contend (plead) with witnesses, N. G. L. i. 247; ok ef þeir vilja andvitnum á etjask, Gþl. 298. III. the phrase, ettja heyvi (spelt with tt), to fodder (cattle) upon hay, Grág. ii. 278, 340; ettja andvirki, to fodder upon a hayrick, Gþl. 357.

etja, u, f. fighting, biting. COMPDS: etju-hundr, m. a deer-hound, fox-hound, Sturl. ii. 179. etju-kostr, m. a beastly choice, Ísl. ii. 89, Fms. viii. 24, v.l. etju-tík, f. = etju-hundr; bóndi átti e. stóra, Fb. ii. 332, Bárð. 32 new Ed.

expens, n. (for. word), expences, Stj. 127, Bs. i. 742.

EY, gen. eyjar; dat. eyju and ey, with the article eyinni and eyjunni; acc. ey; pl. eyjar, gen. eyja, dat. eyjum; in Norway spelt and proncd. öy; [Dan. öe; Swed. ö; Ivar Aasen öy; Germ. aue; cp. Engl. eyot, leas-ow, A. S. êg-land, Engl. is-land; in Engl. local names -ea or -ey, e.g. Chels-ea, Batters-ea, Cherts-ey, Thorn-ey, Osn-ey, Aldern-ey, Orkn-ey, etc.] :-- an island, Fas. ii. 299, Skálda 172, Eg. 218, Grág. ii. 131, Eb. 12; eyjar nef, the 'neb' or projection of an island, Fb. iii. 316. 2. in various compds; varp-ey, an island where wild birds lay eggs; eyði-ey, a deserted island; heima-ey, a home island; bæjar-ey, an inhabited island; út-eyjar, islands far out at sea; land-eyjar, an island in an inlet, Landn.: a small island close to a larger one is called a calf (eyjar-kálfr), the larger island being regarded as the cow, (so the southernmost part of the Isle of Man is called the Calf of Man): it is curious that 'islanders' are usually not called eyja-menn (islandmen), but eyjar-skeggjar, m. pl. 'island-beards;' this was doubtless originally meant as a nickname to denote the strange habits of islanders, Fas. i. 519 (in a verse), Fær. 151, 656 C. 22, Fms. ii. 169, viii. 283, Grett. 47 new Ed.; but eyja-menn, m. pl., Valla L. 228, Eb. 316 (and in mod. usage), cp. also Götu-skeggjar, the men of Gata, a family, Landn.; eyja-sund, n. a sound or narrow strait between two islands, Eg. 93, Fms. ii. 64, 298. 3. in local names: from the shape, Lang-ey, Flat-ey, Há-ey, Drang-ey: from cattle, birds, beasts, Fær-eyjar, Lamb-ey, Sauð-ey, Hrút-ey, Yxn-ey, Hafr-ey, Svín-ey, Kið-ey, Fugl-ey, Arn-ey, Æð-ey, Má-ey, Þern-ey, Úlf-ey, Bjarn-ey: from vegetation, Eng-ey, Akr-ey, Við-ey, Brok-ey, Mos-ey: from the quarters of heaven, Austr-ey, Norðr-ey, Vestr-ey, Suðr-ey (Engl. Sudor): an island at ebb time connected with the main land is called Örfiris-ey, mod. Öffurs-ey (cp. Orfir in the Orkneys): from other things, Fagr-ey, Sand-ey, Straum-ey, Vé-ey (Temple Isle), Eyin Helga, the Holy Isle (cp. Enhallow in the Orkneys). Eyjar is often used GREEK of the Western Isles, Orkneys, Shetland, and Sudor, hence Eyja-jarl, earl of the Isles (i.e. Orkneys), Orkn. (freq.); in southern Icel. it is sometimes used of the Vestmanna eyjar. β. in old poets ey is a favourite word in circumlocutions of women, vide Lex. Poët.; and in poetical diction ey is personified as a goddess, the sea being her girdle, the glaciers her head-gear; hence the Icel. poetical compd ey-kona. For tales of wandering islands, and giants removing islands from one place to another, vide Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 209. 4. in female pr. names, Þór-ey, Bjarg-ey, Landn.: but if prefixed--as in Eyj-úlfr, Ey-steinn, Ey-mundr, Ey-vindr, Ey-dís, Ey-fríðr, Ey-vör, Ey-þjófr, etc.--ey belongs to a different root. COMPD: eyja-klasi, a, m. a cluster of islands.

ey-, a prefix, ever-, vide ei-.

ey-búi, a, m. an islander, Lex. Poët.

EYÐA, dd, [auðr; A. S. éðan; Dan. öde; Germ. öden; Swed. öda], to waste: I. with dat. denoting to waste, destroy, of men or things; hann eyddi (slew) öllum fjölkunnigum mönnum, Stj. 491, Fms. ii. 41, vii. 8; ekki muntu með þessu e. öllum sonum Haralds konungs, i. 16. β. of money; eyða fé, etc., to spend money, Eg. 70, Grág. i. 327, Nj. 29, Fms. i. 118: to squander, 655 iii. 1, Nj. 18, Fms. xi. 423, Fs. 79: reflex., hann átti land gott en eyddusk lausafé, but his loose cash went, Fms. vi. 102. II. with acc. to lay waste, desolate, or the like; upp eyða (lay waste) alla þeirra bygð, Fms. v. 161; þá vóru eydd skip Svía-konungs átjan, eighteen of the Swedish king's ships were made void of men, x. 353; hann eyddi bygðina, iv. 44. 2. to desert, leave; en skyldi út bera ok e. skemmuna, Fms. v. 262; féllu sumir en sumir eyddu (deserted from) hálfrýmin (in a battle), viii. 226; skip brotið eða eytt, a ship wrecked or abandoned, Grág. i. 91; en hón er nú eydd af mönnum, forlorn or deserted of men, Al. 1. β. impers., eða héruð eyði, if counties be laid waste, K. Þ. K. 38; hence eyði-hús, etc. (below). 3. as a law term, of a meeting, to terminate, dissolve; ef þeir eru eigi samþinga, eðr vár-þing eru eydd, or if it be past the várþing, Grág. ii. 271; en er sá dagr kom er veizluna skyldi eyða, when men were to depart, break up the feast, Fms. xi. 331. 4. a law term, eyða mál, sókn, vörn, to make a suit void by counter-pleading; e. dæmð mál, Grág. ii. 23; munu vér e. málit með öxar-hömrum, Fs. 61; ok eyðir málit fyrir Birni, 125; eyddi Broddhelgi þá enn málit, Vápn. 13; at hann vildi í því hans sök e., ef hann vildi hans mál í því e., of unlawful pleading, Grág. i. 121; vera má at Eysteinn konungr hafi þetta mál eytt með lögkrókum sínum, Fms. vii. 142; eyddusk sóknir ok varnir, Nj. 149: with dat., eytt vígsmálum, 244; hélt þá Snorri fram málinu ok eyddi bjargkviðnum, Eb. 160, Arnkels (but no doubt less correct).

eyði, n. [auðr, Germ. öde], waste, desert; leggja í e., to leave in the lurch, desert, Jb. 277; jörðin var e. og tóm, Gen. i. 2; yðart hús skal yðr í e. látið verða, Matth. xxiii. 38: in COMPDS, desert, forlorn, wild; eyði-borg, f. a deserted town (castle), Stj. 284. eyði-bygð, f. a desert country, Fs. 19. eyði-dalr, m. a wild, desolate vale, Hrafn. 1. eyði-ey, f. a desert island, Fms. x. 154. eyði-fjall, n. a wild fell, Sks. 1. eyði-fjörðr, m. a desert firth county, Fs. 24. eyði-haf, n. the wild sea, Stj. 636. eyði-hús, n. deserted dwellings, Hkr. ii. 379. eyði-jörð, f. a deserted household or farm, Dipl. iii. 13, Jb. 183. eyði-kot, n. a deserted cottage, Vm. 61. eyði-land, n. desert land, Hkr. i. 96. eyði-mörk, f. a desert, wilderness, Fms. i. 118, iv. 336, v. 130, Fær. 62, Stj. 141, 283. eyði-rjóðr, n. a desert plain, Stj. 527, 2 Sam. xv. 28. eyði-skemma, u, f. a desert barn, Hkr. ii. 383. eyði-sker,