This is page 200 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)
This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.
Click here to go to the main page about Cleasby/Vigfusson. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.
This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.
The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.
200 GILDINGR -- GIRNA.
Ólafr konungr lét setja Mikla-gildi í Níðarósi, ok mörg önnur í kaupstöðum,
en áðr vóru hvirfings-drykkjur (but before there were drinking-bouts),
Fms. vi. 440: the guilds were secular brotherhoods or trades'
unions (and often became political clubs); they assumed the names of
saints or sacred things, as Kross-g., Cross-guild; Ólafs-g., St. Olave's
guild (in Norway); Knuts-g., St. Canute's guild (in Denmark), and so
on: in Icel. this sense rarely occurs, mælti at einhverr vildis-manna ætti
at hefja gildit, Sturl. i. 20; ok var gildit at Ólafs messu hvert sumar, 23;
cp. also gildis-fundr, m. a guild-meeting, mentioned in Sturl. i. 58;
and gildis-bændr, m. pl. guild-franklins, guild-brothers, 23, (about the
middle of the 12th century); but guilds never took root in Icel.:
gildis-skáli, a, m. a guild-hall, Fms. viii. 160, ix. 22, D.N. passim:
gildis-tíð, n. a guild-term, Fms. viii. 151.
gildingr, m. a thing rated at its full worth, fully measured, Grág. ii.
357, 380: pride, pretension, án gildings, 655 xxvii. 2.
gildir, m., in poetry a payer, contributor, Lex. Poët.: a feaster, poët.
the wolf that feasts in blood: a guild-brother, öld Ólafs gilda (gen. pl.),
the host of St. Olave's guild-brothers, Geisli 10; Hropts gildar, the champions
of Odin, Hd.
gild-leiki, a, m. strength, full size, Grett. 148: mod. stoutness.
gild-liga, adv. stoutly, metaph. with a grand air, Korm. 60.
gildna, að, to become stout.
GILDR, adj., neut. gilt, [cp. gildi, gjalda; Swed., Dan., and Norse
gild] :-- of full worth, full: 1. a trade term, of full measure, size,
quality, and the like; gillt fé, Grág. i. 503; gildr skal tréskjöldr, ef,
Gþl. 105, cp. 104; bolöxar gildar, N.G.L. i. 126; þeim manni er bæði
hefir gildar (full-measured) álnar ok faðma, Grág. ii. 262; gild dagleið,
Bs. ii. 2. valued at, with dat., gildr tveim mörkum, Grág. ii. 86;
g. átta aurum, id.; svá gildr, id.; hversu þau sár eru gild, at how much
those wounds are rated, N.G.L. i. 172; tví-gildr, hálf-g., al-g., of double,
half, full worth. II. metaph. complete, absolute, great; g. konungr,
Fms. ix. 69; g. höfðingi, xi. 18; gild húsfreyja, Glúm. 349; gildr maðr,
Eg. 182; flestir enir gildari menn (honoratiores), Ld. 106; Hallfreyðr var
þá sem gildastr, H. was then at his best, Fs. 100; á gildasta aldri, id., Stj.
230: so of things, honum var þat gildr þykkr, a great shock, Ísl. ii. 321;
með gildum sóma, with great fame, Fms. xi. 18; gild hefnd, Ísl. ii. 116;
gild ferð, a famous journey, Fas. ii. 513. III. in mod. usage,
stout, brawny, cp. Grett. 148; Icel. now say gildr of a man, digr of things;
but in compds, mittis-digr, not mittis-gildr; to use digr and digrask (q.v.)
for gildr and gildna is now thought rude; but in olden times only digr
was used in that sense, e.g. Ólafr Digri, Þorbjörg Digra (a lady); the
passage referred to, Grett. 148, comes near the mod. sense of that word,
but is not to be so understood.
GILDRA, u, f. a trap, Gþl. 445. Niðrst. 3; sem melrakki í gildru,
4; vide knatt-gildra: gildru-merki, n. a trap mark, Gþl. 444: metaph.,
Fms. i. 221, ii. 48, vi. 145, Mar. 506.
gildra, að, to trap, Gþl. 444: metaph. to contrive, g. til e-s, ef maðr
gildrar til þess at vápn skuli sjálf falla á menn, Grág. ii. 117, Fms. ii. 294,
vii. 202; g. til veiða, viii. 63, 80; g. svá til, at..., to contrive so, that...,
Stj. 451, Þiðr. 242, Róm. 257.
gildri, n. the laying a trap, N.G.L. i. 341, 379.
gildri, n. = gildi, [Ulf. gilstr, Róm. xiii. 6; O.H.G. gelstar] , payment,
Grág. Kb. ii. 204.
gilja, að, [Ulf. gailjan = GREEK; Swed. gilja], to beguile a woman,
Grett. 161, Krók. 64 (a pun), Bs. i. 238.
Gilli, a, m. [Gael. gillie = a servant], only in Irish pr. names, Fms., Landn.
gil-maðr, m. a libertine, Blanda.
GIM, n. [in A.S. gim is masc., and so it seems to be used in Vkv. 5;
A.S. gim from Lat. gemma] :-- in poetry a gem, a jewel; the sun is
called fagr-gim, the fair gem; gims gerðr, a lady, Lex. Poët. 2. in
poets metaph. fire, Edda (Gl.): never used in prose.
Gimli, a heavenly abode, sal sá hón standa sólu fegra gulli þakðan
á Gimli, Vsp. 63; it occurs only there, whence it came into Edda 12;
even the gender is uncertain, whether n. or perhaps better dat. of a masc.
gimill = himill = himin, n. heaven.
gim-steinn, m. a 'gem-stone,' a jewel, Edda 147, Greg. 27, Fms. i. 15,
vi. 3, Stj. 191, 254; a name of a poem: gim-steinaðr, part. set with
gems, Karl. 284.
GIN, n. [A.S. gin], the mouth (Germ. rachen) of beasts, Edda 42, Al.
37, Fms. vi. 165; ulfs-gin, Bs. i. (in a verse), passim. COMPDS:
gin-faxi, a, m. a magical character, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 446. gin-fjara, u, f. a
very low ebb. gin-kefli, a, m. a mouth-piece, a gag, put in the
mouth of animals, Fas. iii. 314. gin-keyptr, adj., in the phrase, vera
ginkeyptr eptir e-u, to be eager for a thing, prop, open-mouthed as a fish for
bait. gin-klofi, a, m., medic. spasmus cynicus, Fél. gin-ljótr, adj.
with a hideous mouth.
gingi-brauð, n. ginger-bread, H.E. ii. 91.
gin-hafri, a, m. a kind of oats, Edda (Gl.)
ginn, ginnr, or ginnir, m. a juggler, jester, Fms. vi. 295, viii. 307
(in a verse). II. a magical character, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 446.
GINN-, or perhaps better gínn-, [cp. A.S. gin or ginn = vast, wide;
it seems however better to derive it from the verb beginnan, Engl. begin,
a word used in all Teutonic languages, except the old Scandinavian
tongue, where it is unknown, unless in this mythological prefix] :-- only
used as a prefix: I. in old mythol. words, great, holy:
ginn-heilög (adj. pl.) goð, the most holy gods, the supreme gods, as opposed to
Asir and Vanir, the lower gods, Vsp. passim: ginn-regin, n. pl. 'magna
numina,' Hm. 143, Haustl. 13, in the same sense as ginnheilög goð in Vsp.;
in Hým. 4 opp. to tívar (dii); in Alm. goð and ginnregin are distinguished,
cp. also Hm. 79: ginnungar, m. pl., seems used in the same sense as
ginnregin, whence Ginnunga-gap, n. chaos, the formless void, in which
abode the supreme powers, before the creation, Edda, Vsp.: later, in the
11th century, the sea between Greenland and America was called Ginnunga-gap,
A.A. 295: Ginnunga-himin, m. of the heavenly vault of
Ginnunga-gap, Edda 5: Ginnunga-vé, n. pl. the holy places of the
Ginnungar, the universe, Haustl. 15: Ginnarr (Ginnir), m., is a name
of Odin, prop. = aetherius, and also used of the eagle, the falcon. II.
in an intensive sense only in poets; ginn-viti, a, m. a large fire, Sighvat;
perhaps also we may read, Vkv. 5, ginn-fasti, a, m. a great fire in a
smithy, for gim fasti.
GINNA, t, to dupe, fool one, Nj. 225, 263, Band. 5, 27, 69, Fms. vi.
205, Edda 36; g. e-t af e-m, Fms. iii. 98; g. e-n at sér, to fall out with
one, Vápn. 7 :-- to intoxicate, lát af at drekka vín, svá at þú gerir þik
ginnta, Stj. 428; ferr þessi maðr í tavernis hús, ok ferr eigi fyrr burt en
hann er ginntr, Mar.; drykkja var þar óstjórnleg, svá at þeir urðu allir
ginntir, Bárð. 26 new Ed.: intoxicating, of liquor, hennar vatn er svá
ginnt ok galit, Stj. 84.
ginning, f. imposture, fraud, Fms. vi. 205, Ld. 322, Stj. 267:
ginningar-fífl, m. a fool, one who runs a fool's errand, Nj. 160;
Gylfa-ginning, the Fooling of Gylfi, a part of the Edda, vide Edda Ub. the
beginning.
ginnungr, m. a juggler, jester, Fs. 87, Edda (Gl.)
GIPT, gift, f. [gefa], a gift, 656 C. 12, Greg. 37, Hom. 62; Heilags
Anda gipt, 625. 30, 655 A. 13. 3: a gift of nature, endowment, Fms. x.
314, Eluc. 27, Edda 144 (pref.): income, N.G.L. i. 345, 347: a wedding,
A.S. gifta, giptar-gáfa, u, f. a wedding gift, D.N.: giptar-jörð, f.
a dowry farm, N.G.L. i. 356: giptar-kveld, n. a wedding eve, cp.
brúðgjöf and bekkiargjöf, N.G.L. i. 356: giptar-mál, n. [Dan. givtermaal],
a marriage, D.N.: giptar-orð, n. marriage, El. 10: giptar-vitni, n.
a wedding witness, N.G.L. i. 356.
gipta, u, f. [A.S. gifeðe = fatum, Beowulf], good luck, Ld. 104, Nj.
17, Fms. vi. 299, Fs. 27, 97, Stj. 198, passim; cp. auðna, hamingja.
COMPDS: giptu-drjúgr, adj. lucky, Fs. 142. giptu-fátt, n. adj.
luckless, Fær. 154. giptu-liga, adv. happily, boding good luck, Fms.
iii. 174, Fas. ii. 429. giptu-ligr, adj. lucky, auspicious, Fms. vi.
9. giptu-maðr, m. a lucky man, Grett. 163, Fms. vi. 274, Fs. 43,
80. giptu-munr, m. the turn of the scale, the crisis of one's luck,
Fas. iii. 312. giptu-ráð, n. a good, auspicious match, Vigl. 23.
giptu-samliga, adv. auspiciously, Fms. i. 214, Sturl. ii. 78.
giptu-samligr, adj. = giptuligr, Fms. x. 31. giptu-skortr, m. bad luck, Fær.
265. giptu-tómr, adj. luckless, Al. 95. giptu-vænligr, adj.
promising good luck, auspicious, of a man, Njarð. 344, Fs. 10. II.
marriage (rare); giptu-mál, n. a marriage, Landn. 110 (v.l. in the
MS. Melabók).
gipta, t, to give a woman in marriage; fyrr skulu grónir
grautar&dash-uncertain;dílarnir á hálsi þér, en ek muna gipta þér systur mína, Eb. 210; gipti
Höskuldr Gró systur sina, Ld. 24, Nj. 17, Eg. 5, Rm. 20, 37, passim.
II. reflex, to marry, of both man and wife; in old writers
the man 'kvángask,' i.e. takes a wife, the woman is 'gipt,' i.e. given away,
Fms. ix. 269, Ld. 128 passim; in the course of time the primitive sense
of the word was lost, and it came to mean to marry: the saying, það
grær áðr en þú giptist, i.e. never mind, it will be healed before thou marriest,
addressed to a boy or girl about to cry for a slight hurt.
gipting, f. marriage, in old writers only of a woman, Js. 63, Fms.
ix. 269. COMPDS: giptingar-dagr, m. a wedding day, Gþl. 221.
giptingar-maðr, m. one who gives away (parent, warder), Gþl. 212, 215,
229. giptingar-orð, n. = gjaforð, marriage, Fms. x. 87.
giptingar-veð, n. wedding-security, i.e. for the dowry, N.G.L. ii. 304.
giptingar-vitni, n. a wedding witness, N.G.L. ii. 305. II. in
mod. usage marriage, applying both to man and wife, passim, and in
many compds.
GIRÐA, ð, mod. t, older form gerða, [Ulf. gairdan = GREEK] :--
to fence, Fms. x. 211, Grett. 168, Grág. ii. 263; cp. gyrða, which means
to tie up, gird.
girði, n. materials for fencing, Jb. 100: wood for making hoops.
girðing, f. fencing, Fms. x. 212: mod. fences.
Girkir, m. pl. the Greeks; Girkland, n. Greece, mod. Grikkir,
Grikkland.
GIRNA, d, [Ulf. gairnjan = GREEK; A.S. girnan; Engl. to yearn],
to desire, in act. used impers., e-n (acc.) girnir til e-s, 655 xxxviii. 11;
cp. fýsa. II. reflex. girnask, to desire (personally), Stj. passim, Sks.
105, 623. 21. Fs. 4: absol., Fms. i. 262, Sks, 152, Band. 3, Bs. 1. 691, v.l.