This is page 201 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)
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GIRND -- GJALL. 201
girnd, f. desire, lust, Fms. ii. 238, x. 373, passim. COMPDS: girndar-
augu, n. pl. eyes of lust, 623. 23, 811. 54, 125. girndar-bruni,
-eldr, -logi, a, m. the burning (fire, flame) of lust, i. e. ardent hist, Greg.
60, Vígl. 22. girndar-grafar, f. pl., Stj. 324, rendering of ' Kibroth-
hattaavah, 'Numb, xi-34. girndar-hugr, m. amour, Stj. 7. girndar-
ráð, n. a (/oo li s h) love match, Ld. 128, Fms. iv. 194; veil ek at báðurn
er þetta girndarráð, ye are both mad with love, Nj. 49; vide fy'sn.
girni, f. = girnd, [Ulf. gairnei] , yearning, desire, esp. in compds, met-
orða-g., drottnunar-g., ambition; fe-g., avarice; heipt-g., spite; a-girni,
q. v.; sin-g., selfishness; eigin-g., id.
girni-liga, adv. desirably, Th. 75.
girni-ligr, adj. desirable, to be coveted, Sks. 499; girnilegt til fróð-
leiks, Gen. iii. 6, passim, Fms. v. 259 (pleasant, engaging).
Girskr, adj. Greek, Skálda 160, Greg. 75, K. þ. K. 74, Fms. vi. passim;
mod. Griskr: Girska, u, f. the Greek language, Stj. 70, Fms. vii. 96, Skálda
160 passim. II. = Gerzkr, i. e. from Garðar, Russian, passim.
GISINN, part. [Swed. gisten; Scot, and North. E. geizened~\, leaky,
of tubs, wooden vessels, freq. in mod. usage.
gisna, að, [Swed. gistna] , to become leaky (gisinn).
GISTA, t, [gestr], to pass the night; g. at e-s (etc.), Eb. 222, Nj. 15,
74, Ld. 130, Al. 40, Fs. 138: with acc. of the host, g. e-n, to spend a
night with one, N. G. L. i. 51, 623. 14.
gis-tenntr, part, with teeth far apart, not closed.
gisting, f. a passing the night as a guest at a place, or the place in
which one stays, night quarters, Eg. 37, Nj. 258, Ld. 46, F. b. 266, Sturl.
i. 74, Grdg. i. 91, Ísl. ii. lo, Grett. 149 new Ed., Fbr. 14, Lv. 92, passim.
COMPDS: gistingar-ból, n. = gistingarstaðr, Fbr. 55 new Ed. gist-
îngar-staðr, m. night quarters, Ísl. ii. 23, 25, 343, Bs. i. 140, Fms. viii.
66, passim.
gizka, að, to guess; g. á e-ð, to guess at a thing; a-gizkan, a guess.
gizki, a, m. a kind of kerchief (of goal-skin 9); hón horfði upp í fjallit
ok veifði gi/, ka eðr dúki, Fs. 59; síðau veifði hann gizka til fjalls ok
tók þá af veðrit, 78 :-- mod. a scarecrow. II. an island in Nor-
way, Fms.
GÍFR, n. pl. [A. S. gîfre = rapacious, used as an epithet of the devil,
wildfire, etc., and as noun, a glutton, vide Grein] :-- witches, fiends, --
Germ, unhold, Vsp. 52, Hkv. Hjörv. 15; freq. in poetry, al-gifri, pande-
monium, Rragi; gifrs grand, ' witch-bane' = the god Thor, Eb. (in a verse);
wolves are gifrs hestar, 'witch-horses, ' Jd., and hræ-gífr, carrion beasts,
Gkv. 2. 29, Lex. Poët.: the simple word is never used in prose, but in
compds; it however remains in prose in the following adv.
gífr-liga, adv. savagely; láta gifrliga, Sturl. ii. 238, Fas. ii. 424 (of a
dog): mod. exorbitantly.
gífr-ligr, adj., prop, savage: mod. immoderate, exorbitant.
GÍGJA, u, f. [Germ, geige; mid. H. G. gtge; old Fr. gigue; and t o
jig in Scot, means to play the fiddle, while in Engl. a jig is a lively
d a n c e] :-- a fiddle, Stj. 181, Hkr. ii. 136, cp. Yngl. S. ch. 25, Fms. vii. 97
(in a verse); this instrument was known at an early age, as a lawyer in
Icel. in the first part of the loth century was called gigja, prob. because
of his eloquent pleading or his clear voice, Nj., Landn.
gígjari, a, m. a fiddler, Hkr. i. 30.
gíma, u, f. a vast opening, F'b. i. 210; in mod. usage also gimald, n. id.
GÍNA., pret. gein, pl. ginu; pres. gin (Edda 101); sup. ginit; in old
poems a weak pret. gínði also occurs, Amur, Orkn. 90; pl. gindu, Geisli
29, Fms. iii. 4 (in a verse); [A. S. gînan; Engl. to yawn; Germ. tfä hníw;
Or. x*"'"w] :-- to gape, yawn, esp. of wild beasts; ginandi lilfr, Hrn. 84;
hann brá líndúk um hödduna ok gein yfir, Fms. i. 36: of wounds, en er
gína tóku súr hans, Bjarn. 10; gína við agni, to snap at the bait, Hyni'.
22; gína við fiugu, to snap at a fly; þóttisk Sigmundr mi yfir flugu ginit
hafa, Ísl. ii. 25; Miðgorðs-ormr gein yfir oxa-hüfuðit, Edda 36; vide
fluga.
GÍSL, m. [A. S. gîsel; lost in Engl.; Germ, geissel; Swed. gislan;
Dan. gidsel; to be distinguished from geisl; mod. Germ, and Dan. con-
found the two forms, one of which has ei and the other î as root vowel;
mid. H. G. retained a distinction] :-- a hostage, Ls. 39, Fms. v. 171, ix.
359, passim. II. a king's officer, a bailiff; gisl keisarans, Fms. i.
151, cp. Bs. i. 9, i. e. of the German emperor :-- a warder, watchman,
þeir höfðu sett til gisla at gæta hans (of a prisoner), Fms. viii. 23; konungr
lagði íe til höfuðs honum ok setti hvervetna fyrir hann gisla (viz. to
catch him) hvar sem hann kynni fram at koma, vi. 16 :-- this sense is
very rare, and in Icel. never occurs except in metaph. phrases. III.
a pr. name, Gisl and Gisli; in many compds, þor-gísl, Spá-gísl, Auð-gísl,
Her-gísl, but usually by metathesis -gils, e. g. þor-gils, etc.
gísla, að, to give as hostage, Fxlda 15, Fms. ix. 447, N. G. L. i. 103;
menn höfðu gíslat Kniiti konungi sonu sína, Hkr. ii. 385; haim hafði
verit gíslaðr (taken as hostage) af Skota-konungi, Orkn. 418 old Ed.;
gilstir*=gíslaðir, N. G. L. i. 103; gisla ser land, to take possession of the
land as a hostage, Fagrsk. 158.
gíslar, f. pl. sur eties, securities; hann tók gislar af honum ok bondum,
Eg- 589; hann tók gislir (v. 1. gislar, gisla) af bóndum, Fms. ix. 313,
409, passim; gisla (tlje persons) and gislar (the things) are often used indiscriminately. II. metaph. security, guafd, in the phrase, setja
gislar fyrir, to guard, secure (vide gisl II); Hjalti bað hann gæta sin, ok
setja þær gislar fyrir sem honum þætti vænst at þeim mundi duga, Sturl.
iii. 7; þá var svá gislum skipat fyrir at á Heiðmörk vóru áttján skip í
Mjörs, Fms. viii. 45.
gísling, f. hostage, Gþl. 81, Fms. ii. 43, vi. 240, ix. 447, passim: guard,
setja gislingar fyrir = to guard (vide gislar); setti þórir þá gíslingar fyrir
Gretti (an outlaw) hvar hann kæmi fram, Grett. 139 C: in the old Swed.
law gislunga-lagh = the section of law respecting bail and mainprise, Vercl.
gjafar-, vide gjöf.
gjafari, a, m. a giver, K. Á. 76.
gjaf-erfð, f. a bequest, Fms. vii. 124, N. G. L. i. 50.
gjaf-falr, adj. to be had for a trifle, Fms. vii. 124.
gjaf-göltr, m. a fat bog, Gþl. 396.
gjaf-laust, n. adj. 'gift-less, ' without gift, Sturl. ii. 145, Fms. vii. 106.
gjaf-lendingar, m. pl. feudatories, Fms. viii. 244.
gjaf-lyndi, n. open-handedness, Fms. v. 188.
gjaf-mildi, f. liberality, THom. 6 (Ed.)
gjaf-mildr, adj. open-handed, Karl. 170.
gjaf-orð, n. a match, of a woman to be married, Fr. parlie, Eg. 36, 598,
Nj. 38, Fms. i. 298, Lv. 38, Aim. 6, passim.
gjaf-stóll, n., poet, a throne, Lex. Poët., cp. A. S. gifstol.
gjaf-vaxta, adj. (a maid) grown up, of marriageable age to be given
away, Grett. 118.
gjaf-vinr, m. an open-handed friend, benefactor, Fbr. 204, Sturl. i. 89.
gjald, n. [vide gildi]: I. sing, tribute, payment; því er gjöf
gj:ildi betri, at..., N. G. L. i. 54; gjatd þat er Finnar skyldu reiða,
Eg. 67; seint gengr gjaldit, Fms. iv. 329; þá héldu bændr gjaldinu, they
kept back the payment, vii. 302; beiddi nokkurra fresta um gjaldit,
viii. 174; hann lagði gjald á borgina, Ó. H. 22. II. usually in
pl.; hann tók stór gjold af sumum, Fms. i. 28; til gjaida ok til lit-
göngu, payment, Grág. i. 184; ly'sti hann til gjalda ok útgrcizlu, Nj. 15;
stefna til tveðra gjalda, double payment, i. e. double the value, Grág. ii.
188; gjalda einum gjoldum, the actualvalue, 132; fullum gjöldum, 0. H.
86: a fine, maðr á at taka gjold um konu, Grág. i. 278; manu-gjold, were-
gild. 2. metaph. retribution; Drottinn syndi liver gjold koma munu
fyrir ofstopa, 655 xxi. 3: rarely in sing., ella mun þér gjald at verða,
tbou shalt pay dear for it, Nj. 126 :-- freq. in eccl. use, synda-gjold, ill-
verka-gjold, Pass. 32. 11: so in the phrase, góðra gjalda vert, ef..., i. e. one
must even be thankful, if not, . .; ok góðra gjalda vert ef ekki eru drepnir
sumir, Sturl. iii. 266 :-- reward, compensation, in a good sense, æ sér gjöf
til gjalda, gift calls for gift, Gísl.
GJALDA, pret. gait, 2nd pers. gait, mod. galzt; pl. guldu; pres,
geld: pret. subj. gyldi; imperat. gjalt or gjald þú; sup. pret. goldit,
goldinn; with neg. suff. gjald-attu; [Ulf. us-gildan = åiroSidóvai; A. S.
gyldan; Engl. yield; O. H. G. geltan; old Fr. ielda; Germ, gelten;
Dan. gjelde; Swed. gälld] :-- to pay money, pay a fee, duty, or the like,
the person in dat., the money in acc., Grág. i. 87, 408, passim, Fær. 120,
Fms. iv. 346, xi. 81, Nj. 58, K. Þ. K. 162, passim :-- to yield, repay, re-
turn, g. gjüf við gjöf, Hm. 42j gjaldið engum íllt móti illu, Róm. xii.
I 7; sakir þær er ek á at g. Olafi, 0. H. 213; sögðu, at þeim var sin
óhamingja miklu illu goldin, 232; skal ek g. þeim svá útrúleik sinn, 58 :--
þér eigit at g. aptr (to restore) sendimenn hans manngjoldum, Eg. 575:
-- g. leiðangr, to yield a levy, Fms. viii. 173. II. metaph. to
yield or yield up, deliver; pa guldu þeir Guði andir sínar, thevyielded
up their souls to God, Blas. 36; gjalt mik lærifcðrum inínum, 656 B. 5;
væri hann þá andaðr goldinn sínum borgar-münnum, 10. p. so in
the phrases, g. skynsemi við e-u, to give (yield) reason for, Skálda 205,
Sks. 787, Johann. 28; g. samkvæði, to yield, give consent to, Fms. v. 70,
Nj. 233; also to vote for, Grág. i. 2, 43; g. varúð, varhuga, við e-n, t o
be on one's guard against, beware of, Ísl. ii. 369, Fms. ii. 166, vi. 42,
Hkr. i. 50; g. e-m fjandskap, to shew ill-will towards, Ld. 134; g. öfund,
Ls. 12. 2. with gen. ellipt., the fine being understood, to pay for,
suffer on account of; ok munu margir þess g., Nj. 2: njóta e-s denotes
to profit, gjalda e-s to suffer on account of another; þar munuð þit
min gjalda, Vígl. 28; sú harnia-bylgjan djúpa, gékk yfir þig þá galztu
mín, Pass. 41. 4; svá mun ok vera, segir Njáll, ef þú geldr eigi annarra
at, Nj. 147; Helga (gen.) hefir þú goldit at í þessu, Fas. i. 28; hugði,
at hann mundi þess viðar koma at hann mundi njóta föður sins en
gjalda, Gísl. 73; heldr geldr Leifr fm'mdar en nytr frá mér, Fms. ii.
116; gcldr at nybreytni (gen.) konungs ok þessa ens nyja siðar, i. e. it
is a just punishment for the innovation of the king and the new creed, Ld.
168; konungr sagði, at lion skyldi eigi gjalda frá honum tiltækja föður
sins, Fms. ix. 477: part, gjaldandi, a payer, Grág. i. 394.
gjald-dagi, a, m. pay-day, Grág. i. 199, ii. 235.
gjald-fang, n. payments, equivalents, Sturl. i. 182.
gjald-gengr, adj. taken in payment, Grág. i. 502, Fms. v. 346.
gjald-keri or gjald-kyri, a, m. the king's rent-master or steward,
N. G. L. i. 311, 335, Fms. vi. 12, Grett. 158 A, Jb. 173, Orkn. 204 :--
mod. a treasurer: the word is prob. of foreign origin.
GJALL, n, cinders from a smith's furnacc.