This is page 273 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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HLUTAN -- HLUTR. 273

slítum vér eigi þenna kyrtil heldr hlutum vér hann, Greg. 1. II. reflex.: 1. to be allotted, to fall out, turn out; ok hlutaðisk svá til, it so turned out, Bs. i. 433. 2. with prep.; hlutask til e-s, to meddle with a thing; eigi hlutumk ek til málsverða, Eb. 36; en þú veizt, frændi, at ek hefi til fás hlutask síðan ek kom til Íslands, Hrafn. 17; en þat varð fram at koma er Þorgerðr vildi til hvers er hón hlutaðisk, Ld. 94; ekki hefi ek hlutask til málaferla yðvarra, en nú vil ek vita ..., Nj. 101, Þórð. 67; þat er bæði, at ek hefi lítt til ráða hlutask, ok vill þú at ek ráða litlu, Glúm. 324; hlutask til með e-m, to assist one in a case, Lv. 40; at eigi haldi þér sæmdum nema til hlutisk yðr tignari menn, 76, Fas. iii. 46. β. skiptum vér eigi þenna kyrtil, hlutumst heldr um hvers hann skal verða, John xix. 24.

hlutan, f. a drawing or casting of lots, Grág. i. 38, 493, N. G. L. i. 145.

hlut-burðr, m. a chance, lot, D. N.

hlut-deila, d, to meddle, Sturl. i. 196, ii. 42.

hlut-deilinn, adj. meddlesome, Fs. 123; ó-hlutdeilinn, passive.

hlut-deilni, f. meddlesomeness, Rd. 255, Karl. 123.

hlut-drjúgr, adj. lucky, getting the better share, Lv. 24.

hlut-fall, n., chiefly in pl., a casting of lots; leggja til hlutfalla, Fs. 67, Fms. v. 147; fara at hlutföllum, to go by lots, Ver. 4; bjóða til hlutfalla, a law term, to bid one proceed to cast lots, Grág. i. 37, Nj. 232; skipta til hlutfalls, to divide into lots, Gþl. 341. 2. mod. proportion (sing.), Rb. 460.

hlut-felling, f. proportion, Alg. 372.

hlut-gengr, adj. capable, up to the mark, Fb. ii. 329.

hlut-girni, f. meddlesomeness, Glúm. 353.

hlut-gjarn, adj. meddlesome, Ld. 248.

hlut-henda and hlut-hending, f. a kind of metre or rhyme, see hending and henda, Edda 121, 123, 136.

hluti, a, m. a part; í þeim hluta veraldar, Edda (pref.); mikinn hluta af Englandi, Eg. 270; mikinn hluta Skotlands, Ó. H. 131; mikill (mestr, lítill) h. liðs, Fms. i. 110, Eg. 269, Edda 82, Fb. ii. 283; bleikt silfr ok skal vera meiri hluti silfrs, Grág. i. 500: adverb, phrases, at öllum hluta, for the whole lot or share, 245; að mestum hluta, for the most part; að nokkrum hluta, for some part; at mínum (sínum) hluta, for my (her) part, Nj. 250, Fs. 62. II. a share, but the weak form is seldom used in this sense, as in the phrase, göra á hluta e-s, to encroach upon one's share, wrong one, Fms. vii. 219, Vígl. 25; eptir er enn yðarr hluti, your part, portion of the work, Nj. 144; ok undi hann þó verr sínum hluta, Fms. vii. 176 (v.l. hlut better).

hlut-kesti, n. a casting of lots, N. T.; but does not occur in old writers.

hlut-lauss, adj. 'lot-less,' not partaking in, Lat. expers; at yður bók skyldi þeirra umbóta eigi h. vera, Gþl. iv: having taken no part in, h. eðr sýkn af manndrápi, Fms. ii. 225; h. ok afskiptr e-u (void of), Stj. 155; h. allrar undir-hyggju, Bs. i. 723: neut., veiða hlutlaust, to fish without getting a share, D. I. i. 497; ríða hlutlaust, to pass free, unmolested, Sturl. i. 39. In mod. usage, hlutlauss means passive, neutral, of a person; and láta e-ð hlutlaust, to leave a thing alone, not meddle with it.

HLUTR, m., the original form was diphthongal, hlautr, like the Gothic, as is borne out by the kindred and derivative words hlaut, hleyti, q.v.; the acc. was weakened into o, hlotr, Fms. xi. 128; and lastly into u, hlutr; old nom. pl. hlotar, Jómsv. S. l.c., but commonly hlutir; gen. sing. hlutar: [Goth. hlauts = GREEK, Mark xv. 24, Col. i. 12, Ephes. i. 11, Luke i. 9; A. S. and Hel. hlot; Engl. lot; Germ. loos; Dan. lod; Swed. lott; the Goth., Germ., and earliest Scandin. have a long vowel, and prob. also A. S. and O. H. G. (hlôt, not hlot); the Ormul. spells lott with a short vowel, as is the case also in Icel., Dan., Swed., and Engl.]

A. A lot; the ceremony of drawing lots was like that described in Homer; each party marked his lot (skera or marka hluti), which was then thrown into a sheet (lap of a garment, bera or leggja hluti í skaut), and a third person came and drew a lot out; (it was not thrown out by shaking.) This drawing of lots was originally a sacred ceremony; it was used in sacrifices (by way of augury, see below), in sharing booty or an inheritance; in law the order in which suits came on was decided by lot, in banquets the seats of honour were so assigned (e.g. who was to sit next to the daughter of the house), etc. Many words in the language refer to this old rite, and the ceremony is thus described: en hluti skyldi skera ok í skaut bera, Fms. vii. 140; kom þat ásamt með þeim at hluti skyldi bera í skaut, ... skyldi því hvárir-tveggju una sem hlutr segði, vóru þá hlutir markaðir; þá mælti Norðbrikt til Gyrgis: 'lát mik sjá hversu þú markar þinn hlut at vit markim eigi báðir einn veg;' hann gerði svá; síðan markaði Norðbrikt sinn hlut, ok kastaði í skaut ok svá báðir þeir; síðan gékk sá maðr at er til (upp, v.l.) skyldi taka, ok tók upp annan hlutinn milli fingra sér ...; síðan var at hugat þeim hlutinum ok kenndu þar allir mark Gyrgis, vi. 136, 137: hverr maðr er sök hefir með at fara í dóm, þá skal hlut bera í skaut, einn, þótt hann hafi fleiri sakar í dóm þann, hverr maðr skal merkja hlut sinn ok bera alla saman í skaut, ok skal maðr taka fjóra hluti senn upp, Grág. i. 37; bjóða til hlutfalla ok bera þar hluti í skaut, 74; menn báru þá hluti sína í skaut ok tók jarlinn upp; ... svá sagði hlutr til, at Egill skyldi sitja hjá jarls-dóttur um kveldit, Eg. 247; en þá er tólfmenningr var skipaðr til at sitja ok settir hlutir til hverr næst skyldi sitja Ástríði, dóttur Vigfúss hersis, ok hlaut Eyjólfr ávalt at sitja hjá henni, Glúm. 331: nú ræða þeir um goðorðit ok verða eigi ásáttir, vildi hverr sinn hlut (case) fram draga; þá leggja þeir hluti í skaut, ok kom jafnan upp hlutr Silfra, Fs. 68; þeir lögðu hluti á, ok hlaut Þrándr, Fær. 2. of sacrifice; vóru þá görvir hlutir af vísinda-mönnum (soothsayers), ok feldr blótspánn til, en svá gékk fréttin, at ..., Fas. i. 452; cp. hristu teina ok á hlaut sá, Hym. 1; and, þá kná Hænir hlautvið kjósa ( = taka upp hluti), Vsp. l.c.; see also hlaut, hlauttein, p. 270. II. the hlutir were talismans or little images, which people used to wear on their persons; síðan tekr jarl skálar (scales) góðar ... ok fylgðu tvau met (weights), annat af gulli en annat af silfri; þar var á líkneskja manns, ok hétu þat hlutar (hlotar sem fornmönnum var títt at hafa, add. in v.l.), ok fylgði sú náttúra, at þá er jarl lagði þá í skálarnar, ok kvað á hvat hvárr skyldi merkja, ok ef sá kom upp (turned up) er hann vildi, þá breylti sá í skálinni svá at varð glamm af. Jarl gaf Einari skálarnar ok varð hann glaðr við ok síðan kallaðr Einarr Skálarglam, Jómsv. S. (1824) 37, 38; hlutr er horfinn ór pússi þínum sá er Haraldr konungr gaf þér í Hafrsfirði, ok er hann nú kominn í holt þat er þú munt byggja, ok er á hlutnum markaðr Freyr af silfri, Fs. 19; ok vili Freyr þar láta sinn hlut niðr koma er hann vill sitt sæmdar-sæti setja, 22; cp. Landn., hann sendi Finna tvá í hamförum til Íslands eptir hlut sínum, 174; hann hefir líkneski Þórs í pungi sínum af tönn gört ...; nú fannsk engi sá 'hlutr' í hans valdi, Fs. 97: the 'gumna heillir' or talismans, mentioned in Sdm., were prob. hlutir.

B. Metaph., without the actual drawing of lots: I. a share, allotment, portion; skal þat þeirra er biskup lofar skilnað, hafa slíkan hlut fjár (portion) við annat, Grág. i. 329: of booty, hann færði Ölvi skip sín ok kallar þat vera hlut hans, Nj. 46: of a finder's share, heimtir hlut af sauðunum, Háv. 40; halda til hlutar, id. β. esp. of a fisherman's share of the catch, Band. 4, cp. Höfuðl. 1; a fishing boat has one or two hundred ... í hlut, each of the crew (hásetar) taking his 'hlutr,' and besides this there was a færis-hlutr (line share) or netja-hlutr (net share), skips-hlutr (ship's share), and lastly for-manns-hlutr (foreman's share, he getting double); see the remarks on aflausn. γ. a share, lot, portion, of inheritance, often in early Dan. law, where the daughter received a half, the brother a whole portion, sun til ful lot, oc dotær til half lot, Wald. Sjæll. Lov., p. 1; -- whence in Dan. broder-lod, söster-lod, = a brother's, sister's portion; en komi jafnmikit fé á hlut hvers þeirra, Grág. (Kb.) i. 220: of duty, kom þat á hlut Andreas postula, 625. 64. 2. metaph. phrases; láta hlut sinn, to let go one's share, be worsted, Fms. i. 74, Fb. ii. 62; þeirra h. brann við, got singed, Hkr. ii. 178; þinn hlutr má ekki verða betri en góðr, thy case cannot be better than good, is as good as it can be, Nj. 256; ella muntú finna á þínum hlut, thou shalt find it to thy cost, Ld. 98; þeirra h. varð æ minni ok minni, their lot grew ever worse and worse, Fms. x. 250; eigi skyldi hennar h. batna við þat, her case should not mend with that, Nj. 52; sitja yfir hlut e-s, to oppress, weigh a person down, Eg. 512, Nj. 89, Fb. iii. 450; mínka sinn hlut, to yield one's lot (right), 451; láta sinn (hlut) undir liggja, to let one's lot be the nethermost, Bárð.; leggja hlut sinn við e-t, to throw in one's lot with a thing, to espouse a cause, run a risk, Lv. 45 (twice), Fb. iii. 166, Sturl. i. 162 C; eigi mundi svá Sverrir gera, ef hann ætti várn hlut, S. would not do so if he had our lot, our cards in his hand, Fms. viii. 392; eigi mundir þú svá renna frá þínum manni, ef þú ættir minn hlut, xi. 72; hafa (fá) hærra (meira, lægra) hlut, to get the better (less) share, to get the best (worst) of it, to win or lose, Eb. 194, Fs. 32, 113, Nj. 90, 224, Fas. i. 252, Fms. vi. 412, viii. 284, Hkv. 2. 19; hafa allan hlut mála, Bs. i. 82; eiga hlut at e-u, to own a share in, take part (interest) in, interfere (meddle) in a thing, be concerned about, Eb. 124, Nj. 27, 101, 119, Fms. xi. 83; þar er þú ættir hlut at, wherein thou wast concerned, Nj. 54; nú mun eigi mega sitjanda hlut í eiga, to take a sitter's part in it, i.e. not stir in the matter, 110; hér munu eigi gæfu-menn í hlut eiga, 179; hafa inn vesta hlut af, to behave meanly, Eg. 271. II. a part, Lat. pars; enn efra hlut Hrunamanna-hrepps, Landn. 312: mestr h. liðs, the most part of the body, Eg. 275; meiri hlutr, búa, dómanda ..., the majority of the neighbours, judges ..., Nj. 237, Grág. i. 79; tíundi h. eyrir, a tenth part of an ounce, 357: byggja jörð til hlutar, to lease an estate in shares, N. G. L. i. 137: sjau hlutum ljósari, seven times brighter, Eluc. 44; tveim hlutum dýrra, twice as dear, Landn. 243; eins hlutar (on the one hand) ... annars hlutar (on the other hand), 625. 172. III. a case, thing, Lat. res; hvern hlut, everything, Nj. 53; á engum hlut, in nothing, Fms. ii. 27; í öllum hlutum, in everything, passim; allir hlutir, all things, Edda 147 (pref.); aðra hluti, other things, Fms. i. 213; alla hluti þá er ..., all things whatsoever, Ld. 18; allir þeirra hlutir, all their things, Fms. x. 250; fjórir eru þeir hlutir (cases) er menn ber í átt, Grág. i. 361; hverngi hlut (reason) er maðr vill til þess færa, 179; fyrir tengda sakir ok annarra stórra hluta er hér hvarfla í milli, Nj. 147; undarlegr, kynlegr h., a strange thing, Ld. 200, Fms. x. 169; iðna slíka hluti, Grág. i. 149; eru þér stórir hlutir á höndum, Fms. vii. 30: a deed, fact, orðinn h., a bygone thing, Fr. fait accompli, Nj. 20; einn lítill h., a little thing, small matter, Fms. ix. 448. β. with neg. adv. = Engl. naught; görðit