This is page 292 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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292 HUGSUNARAUGU -- HUNDRAÐ.

Pass., Vídal., very freq. COMPDS: hugsunar-augu, n. 'eyes of thinking,' intellect, Skálda 160; umhugsan, meditation. hugsunar-lauss, adj. thoughtless. hugsunar-leysi, n. thoughtlessness.

hugsandi, part. gerund, conceivable, possible; ú-hugsandi, impossible.

hugsanlegr, adj. attentive, Sks. 6: conceivable, Lat. cogitabilis, (mod.)

hugsi, adj. ind. thoughtful, meditative; sem hann væri hugsi, Bjarn. 40; Gestr sitr nú hugsi um sitt mál, Ísl. ii. 294; fámálugr ok nokkut hugsi, 156; um slíkt liggr hann hugsi, Al. 15, 70; hann fór jafnan sem hugsi væri, as vacant, wandering, Bs. i. 170.

hug-skot, n. [properly either 'mind's-recess,' from skot, a recess, or rather 'mind's-shooting,' analogous to hugrenning] :-- mind, soul; hryggt h., a bereaved mind, Sks. 24, Fms. x. 151; með réttu hugskoti, Blas. 41; hugskots-eyru, Hom. 53; hugskots hendr, 54; hugskots augu, the mind's eye, 47, Stj. 20, 132, Rb. 380; mitt h., my mind, Fms. i. 140; fjarlægr mönnum í hugskotinu, 272; vitnisburðr hugskotsins, K. Á. 50; blindr á hugskotinu, viii. 294; at faðir hann skyldi við hans h. sem síðast verða varr, Barl. 16; hreinsa h. sitt með iðran, Hom. (St.), Thom. 9, 13; freq. in the N. T. as to render GREEK or GREEK, e.g. elska skaltú Drottinn Guð þinn af öllu hjarta, af allri sálu, ok af öllu hugskoti, Matth. xxii. 37, Luke i. 35, Rom. xiii. 2, 1 Cor. ii. 16, 2 Cor. iii. 14, iv. 4, xi. 5, 2 Tim. iii. 8, Tit. i. 15, Vídal. passim.

HULD, f. the name of a giantess, cp. Gr. GREEK. Huldar-Saga, u, f. the story of the giantess Huld, Sturl. iii. 304.

HULDA, u, f. hiding, secrecy; drepa huldu á e-t, Fms. xi. 106; með huldu, in secret, i. 295: cover, nokkur hulda lá ávalt yfir, Fs. 22; mikil h. ok þoka liggr yfir eyju þeirri, Fas. i. 5; þeir vóru komnir á einn lítinn skóg ok var þat lítil h., Fms. x. 239: a cover, hafa huldu fyrir andliti eðr augum, 625. 23. II. hollowness; in the phrase, á huldu, ílla brotna bein á huldu, Ísl. Þjóðs.; brast sundr hulda í hrauninu, Pr. 411. COMPDS: huldu-fólk, n. pl. the hidden people, fairies, in the mod. Icel. lore; for the origin of this name see Ísl. Þjóðs. (begin.) i. 1, 2. huldu-maðr, m. a fairy, Fms. iii. 177 (in a tale of the 15th century). huldar-höttr, m. a hood of disguise, Fbr. (in a verse).

hulfr, m. dogwood, = beinviði (q.v.), Sks. 90 B.

huliðs-hjálmr, m., and hulins-hjálmr, less correct, Fms. iii. 184, Fas. iii. 219 :-- a hidden helm (see s.v. hjálmr), Fms. ii. 141, Gullþ. 27, Fbr. 34 new Ed.

hulning, f. concealing, Stj. 12, 127, 315, Mar.

hulstr, m. [Goth. hulistr; A. S. heolster; Engl. holster; Dan. hylster, from hylja; cp. Germ. hülse] :-- a case, sheath.

huma, að, prop. to hum: in the phrase, huma e-ð fram af sér, to put a thing by.

HUMALL, m. [Germ. hummel; Dan. humle; Fr. houblon; Engl. hop] :-- the humulus, hop-plant, Nj. 2 (v.l.), N. G. L. i. 244, Bs. i. 441, Boldt., D. N. passim: humla, u, f. a nickname, Sturl. i. 18; vall-humall, the wild hop. COMPDS: humla-garðr, m. a hop garden, Boldt. 41. humla-ketill, m. a hop boiler, D. N. humla-mungát, n. hop beer, D. N. humla-stæði, n. a place grown with hops, D. N. humla-stöng, f. a hop pole, Boldt. humla-tekja, u, f. hop-picking, Boldt. 53.

HUMARR, m. [Dan. and Germ. hummer; Fr. homard], a lobster, Edda (Gl.), Lex. Poët. humar-kló, f. a lobster claw, Mag.

humótt, see húm.

HUNANG, n. [A. S. hunig; Engl. honey; Germ. honig; Dan. honing; Ulf. renders GREEK by miliþ] :-- honey, Gþl. 491, Bs. i. 103, 433, Eg. 69, 79, 469, Fms. vii. 173, viii. 258, Stj. 309, 411. COMPDS: hunang-bakaðr, part. baked honey, Stj. 193. hunangs-dögg, f. honey dew, Pr. 401. hunangs-fall, n. honey dew, Edda 12. hunangs-fljótandi, part. flowing with honey, Stj. 642, Eluc. hunangs-ilmr, m. a smell of honey, Landn. 140. hunangs-lækr, m. a stream of honey, Fas. iii. 669. hunangs-seimr, m. [Germ. honig-seim = virgin honey], a honeycomb, Stj. 210, N. T. hunang-sætr, adj. sweet as honey. UNCERTAIN In olden times and throughout the Middle Ages, honey was one of the chief exports from England to Scandinavia (Norway and Iceland), see the passages above; as sugar was then unknown, the export of honey far exceeded that of the present day.

hunang-ligr, adj. honeyed, Sks. 630, Bs. i. passim, ii. 131, Mar.

HUND-, [Goth. hund only found in pl. hunda], a form of hundrað, only used in poët. compds, many, very, like Lat. multi-, Germ. tausend: hund-forn, adj. very old, Þd. 14; in mod. conversation hund-gamall and hund-margr, adj. hundred-fold, innumerable, Hkv. 1. 21; h. víkingr, Sighvat (Ó. H. 190); h. herr, Hallfred, Fms. xi. 208 (in a verse), Sighvat (Hkr. iii. 3), Hm. 17; hunnmörg hof, Vþm. 38. hund-villr, adj. utterly lost, quite astray, Eb. (in a verse): esp. of sailors, fóru þeir þá hundvillir, Nj. 267. hund-víss, adj. very wise, esp. used of giants and partly as a term of abuse; hundvíss jötunn, Hým. 5, Hkv. Hjörv. 25, Fas. iii. 15; hann var jötunn h. ok íllr viðreignar, Edda; at jötnar hundvísir skulu þar drekka, 57. The similarity of hundr, a dog, seems here to have given a bad sense to the word ( = dog-wise, cunning), which etymologically it did not deserve.

hund-fiskr, m. a dog-fish.

hund-gá, f. barking, Lv. 60, 655 xxxii. 9.

hund-ligr, adj. dog-like, Clem. 55, 656 C. 29.

HUNDR, m. [Ulf. hunds; A. S., O. H. G., Germ., Dan., and Swed. hund; Engl. hound; Lat. canis; Gr. GREEK] :-- a dog, Hm. 82, Gm. 44, Orkn. 150, Grág. ii. 119, Fms. ii. 224, iv. 314, Nj. 74, Stj. 464, passim; the shepherd's dog, watch dog, and deer hound were best known; -- smala-h. and fjár-h., a shepherd's dog; dýr-h., a fox hound; búr-h., varð-h., a watch dog; grey-h., a greyhound; spor-h., a slot hound, Orkn. 150, Ó. H.; mjó-h., Dan. mynde, a spaniel; [skikkju-rakki, a lap dog, Orkn. 114;] dverg-h., q.v.; hunda-gá, gnauð, gelt, gnöll, barking, howling, 656 A. ii. 12, Fas. i. 213; vera ór hunda hljóði, to be out of the dog's bark, have made one's escape, Orkn. 212, Gísl. 7, cp. hljóð B. 2; hunds hauss, höfuð, a dog's head (also as an epithet of abuse), Stj. 68, 498, Rb. 346; hunds eyru, dog's ears, in a book; hunds kjaptr, trýni, löpp, rófa, hár, a dog's mouth, snout, foot, tail, hair; hunda sveinn, a dog-keeper, Lv. 100: phrases and sayings, það er lítið sem hunds tungan finnr ekki; opt hefir ólmr hundr rifið skinn; as also hlaupa á hunda-vaði yfir e-t, to slur a thing over, scamp work; festa ráð sitt við hunds hala, Mag. 65 :-- a dog's age is, partly in fun, partly in contempt, counted by half years; átta vetra á hunda tölu = four years; whence, ek em maðr gamall, ok vánlegt at ek eiga hunds aldr einn ólifat, Fb. ii. 285 :-- allan sinn hunds aldr, throughout all his wicked, reprobate life. II. metaph., 1. as abuse; hundrinn þinn, GREEK! Ísl. ii. 176; eigi af hundinum þínum, Fms. vi. 323; drepum þenna hund sem skjótast, xi. 146; mann-hundr, a wicked man; hunds-verk, a dog's work, Sighvat: hund-eygr, adj. GREEK, Grett. (in a verse): hund-geðjaðr, adj. currish, Hallfred. 2. an ogre, destroyer, = vargr, Gr. GREEK; hundr segls, viða, elris, herklæða, Lex. Poët., Edda ii. 512. 3. a nickname, Þórir Hundr, Ó. H.: Hunds-fótr, m. a nickname, Fas.; cp. also the pr. names Hundi, Hundingi, Landn., Sæm.: Hunda-dagar, m. the dog-days: Hunda-stjarna, u, f. the dog-star, Sirius. 4. botan. = vulgaris; hunda-hvingras, hunda-sóley, etc., Hjalt.: hund-bítr, m. a biter, Bjarn. (in a verse): hund-heiðinn, adj. 'dog-heathen,' heathenish, Fms. ii. 130, Fas. ii. 186, Karl. 138, Flóv. 23. Favourite dogs recorded in the Sagas, king Olave's dog Vígi, the Argus of the northern Sagas, Fms. Ó. T. ch. 82, 208, 259; Gunnar's dog Sam, Nj. ch. 71, 77, 78; the dog Flóki, Rd. ch. 24; also Hálfs S. ch. 7, 8, -- þá ina sömu nótt gó hundr hans Flóki er aldri gó nema hann vissi konungi ótta vánir: mythol. the dog Garm, Vsp., Gm.; the dog Saurr, who was made king over the Thronds, (þeir létu síða í hundinn þrjú manns-vit, ok gó hann til tveggja orða, en mælti it þriðja,) for this curious tale see Hkr. Hák. S. Góða ch. 13: pet names, seppi, rakki, grey; and pr. names, Vígi, Snati, Loddi, Lubbi (a rough dog), Stripill (smooth), etc.

HUNDRAÐ, n. pl. hundruð; the form hund- (q.v.) only occurs in a few old compd words: [Goth. hunda, pl.; A. S. hund; O. H. G. hunt; the extended form in Hel. and old Frank, hundered; Germ. hundert; Dan. hundrede; Swed. hundra; the inflexive syllable is prob. akin to -ræðr in átt-ræðr] :-- a hundred; the Scandinavians of the heathen time (and perhaps also all Teutonic people) seem to have known only a duo-decimal hundred ( = 12 × 10 or 120); at that time 100 was expressed by tíu-tíu, cp. Ulf. taihun-taihund = ten-teen; Pal Vídalín says, -- hundrað tólfrætt er sannlega frá heiðni til vor komið, en hið tíræða er líkast að Norðrlönd hafi ekki vitað af fyrr en Kristni kom hér og með henni lærdómr þeirrar aldar, Skýr. s.v. Hundrað (fine): but with the introduction of Christianity came in the decimal hundred, the two being distinguished by adjectives, -- tólfrætt hundrað = 120, and tírætt hundrað = 100. But still the old popular duodecimal system continued in almost all matters concerned with economical or civil life, in all law phrases, in trade, exchange, property, value, or the like, and the decimal only in ecclesiastical or scholastic matters (chronology, e.g. Íb. ch. 1, 10). At the same time the word in speech and writing was commonly used without any specification of tírætt or tólfrætt, for, as Pal Vídalín remarks, every one acquainted with the language knew which was meant in each case; even at the present time an Icel. farmer counts his flocks and a fisherman his share (hlutr) by the duodecimal system; and everybody knows that a herd or share of one hundred and a half means 120 + 60 = 180. In old writers the popular way of counting is now and then used even in chronology and in computation, e.g. when Ari Frode (Íb. ch. 4) states that the year consists of three hundred and four days (meaning 364); the census of franklins given by the same writer (where the phrase is hundruð heil = whole or full hundreds) is doubtless reckoned by duodecimal, not decimal hundreds, Íb. ch. 10; and in the census of priests and churches taken by bishop Paul (about A.D. 1200) 'tíræð' is expressively added, lest duodecimal hundreds should be understood, Bs. i. 136. The Landn. (at end) contains a statement (from Ari?) that Iceland continued pagan for about a hundred years, i.e. from about 874-997 A.D. In the preface to Ólafs S., Snorri states that two duodecimal hundreds (tvau hundruð tólfræð) elapsed from the first colonisation of Iceland before historical writing began (i.e. from about A.D. 874-1115): levies of ships and troops are in the laws and Sagas counted by duodecimal hundreds, e.g. the body-guard of king Olave consisted of a hundred hirð-men, sixty house-carles and sixty guests, in all 'two hundred' men, i.e. 240, Mork. 126; the sons of earl Strút-Harald