This is page 307 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)
This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.
Click here to go to the main page about Cleasby/Vigfusson. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.
This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.
The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.
HÖFIGBÆRR -- HOFUÐMIKILL. 307
höfig-bærr, adj. heavy to bear, Greg. 43.
höfig-leikr, m. heaviness, Edda 4.
HÖFIGR or höfugr, adj., acc. contr. höfgan, höfgir, höfgum, [A. S. heafig] :-- heavy, Hkr. iii. 199; h. steinn, Bs. i. 640; höfug byrðr, Grág. ii. 166, Fms. x. 203, Hkr. iii. 184: neut., hann kvað svá höfugt á sér, at hann mátti hvergi hrærask, Sturl. i. 119 C. 2. heavy with sleep, sleepy; e-m er höfugt, Fms. viii. 89, 655 iii. 2; svefn-höfugt. II. metaph. hard, rude; höfigt orð, Bs. i. 341: heavy, difficult, 169: irksome, 155.
HÖFN, f., also spelt hömn, gen. hafnar; [hafa]: 1. a holding, possession, esp. tenure of land; þá skal þeim dæma eingis-höfnina er heimild kemr til, Grág. (Kb.) ii. 86; jarðar h., tenure of land; at jarðar-höfn ok at fjár-megni, N. G. L. ii. 38; nú skal görðum skipta eptir jarðar-höfn ok öllum áverka, 122; hafnar-vitni, testimony as to tenure of land, opp. to óðals-vitni, N. G. L. i. 246, 247: the allit. phrase, hönd ok höfn, hand and having, absolute power; nema þeim sem hann leggr hendr ok höfn sem hann vill, cp. Dan. 'skalte og valte med,' Bs. i. 706, v.l., -- no emend. seems necessary. 2. a foetus; lýstr maðr kviðuga konu, svá at höfn sú deyr, er hón ferr með ok skilsk hón við höfnina, Stj. 302; taka við höfn, Lat. concipere, Flóv., Bs. ii. 173, Hom. (St.): the time of pregnancy, á enum níunda mánaði hafnarinnar, 686 B. 14. 3. pasture; sauða-höfn í Múla-fjall, Vm. 64; nauta tröð ok hömn, N. G. L. i. 379, D. N. ii. 146, iii. 120. 4. a coat, cp. Lat. habitus, esp. = a cloak; hann tók af sér höfnina ok sveipaði um konunginn, Fms. ix. 25; yfir-h., a cloak, cp. Ísl. ii. 245 (in a verse): a kind of stuff, Grág. i. 504, Nj. 7, D. N. i. 134, ii. 6, iii. 8, 451, Vm. 103, 117, Pm. 57; hence hafnar-feldr, m., hafnar-vaðmál, n., hafnar-váð, f. denoting a plain stuff, as it was sold in trade. 5. skips-höfn, a ship's crew; munns-höfn, 'mouth-habit,' language.
B. [Engl. and Dutch haven; Germ. hafen; Dan. havn; Swed. hamn] :-- a haven, harbour, Fms. xi. 74, Eg. 79, Hkr. iii. 248, Grág., etc.: eccl., sælu-höfn, lífs-h., passim: sometimes spelt hafn, Ísl. ii. 398: as also in local names, Höfn, Landn.: Hafnar-menn, m. pl., Sturl. ii. 91; Kaupmanna-höfn, Copenhagen; Hraun-höfn, Eb., etc. COMPDS: hafnar-austr, m. pumping in harbour, Jb. 407. hafnar-búi, a, m. a law term, a harbour-neighbour, i.e. the member of a kind of naval court composed of persons summoned from a harbour, Grág. ii. 401. hafnar-dyrr, n. pl. doors, entrance of a haven, Fms. xi. 88. hafnar-kross, m. a cross-shaped hafnarmark, q.v. hafnar-lykill, m. 'haven-key,' a nickname, Landn. hafnar-mark (and -merki, Fas. ii. 336), n. a harbour mark, a kind of beacon, being a pyramid of stone or timber, or often a carved figure in the shape of a man, Bjarn. 33, Hkv. Hjörv., Bs. i. 563, Rb. 468; or in the shape of a cross, Bs. i. 607, ii. 80. hafnar-rán, n. a law term, thronging or annoying one in harbour, defined in Jb. 396. hafnar-tollr, m. a harbour toll, Grág. ii. 401, Fs. (Flóam. S.) 157. hafnar-vágr, m. a creek, Str. 4.
höfnun, f. = hafnan, q.v.
höfrungr, m. a dolphin, prop. a 'he-goat,' from hafr, because of the dolphin's tumbling; the word is not found in old writers. höfrunga-hlaup, n. a kind of athletic sport, 'dolphin-leap,' a kind of leap-frog.
HÖFUÐ, n., dat. höfði; gen. pl. höfða, dat. höfðum; in Norse MSS. often spelt hafuð, Anecd. 4 (without umlaut); the root-vowel seems in very early times (8th century) to have been a diphthong; thus Bragi uses the rhymes, laufi -- haufði, and rauf -- haufuð, Edda; the old ditty with a half rhyme, höfðu vér í haufði, Hkr. i. 104, wou'd be faulty unless we accept a diphthong in the latter word: in good old MSS. (e.g. Sæm. Cod. Reg.) the word is always spelt with &avlig; or au, never o, and probably never had a diphthongal sound; the Norse spelling havuð however points to a short vowel; and later Icel. MSS. spell o or &aolig;, e.g. Hb. in Vsp. l.c. It is probable that the short vowel originated in the contracted form, as haufði sounds hard; [cp. Goth. haubiþ; A. S. heâfod; Engl. head; Hel. hôbid; O. H. G. houpit; mid. H. G. houbet; mod. G. haupt; Dan. hôved; Swed. hufvud; Ormul. hæfedd (the single f marks a preceding long vowel); thus all old Teut. languages except the Icel. agree in the length of the vowel, whereas Lat. c&a-short;put, Gr. GREEK have a short root vowel.]
A. A head, Vsp. 38, Sdm. 14, Vþm. 19, Þkv. 16, 19, Skm. 23, Nj. 19, 275, Grág. ii. 11, Fms. x. 381, Eg. 181, Edda 59, passim; mátti svá at kveða, at náliga væri tvau höfuð á hverju kvikendi, Hrafn. 22 (of a great increase in stock); Grímr rakaði bratt fé saman, vóru tvau höfuð á hvívetna því er hann átti, Ísl. ii. 14. II. phrases and sayings, láta höfði skemra, to make one a head shorter, behead, Hým. 15, Fm. 34; strjúka aldrei frjálst höfuð, to stroke never a free head, be never free, never at ease; (sagði) at þeir mundi aldrei um frjálst höfuð strjúka, er vinir hans væri, meðan Þórðr væri höfðingi í Ísafirði, Sturl. ii. 124; eg má aldrei um frjálst höfuð strjúka, I never have any time to spare; sitja aldrei á sárs höfði, to be always quarrelling; skera e-m höfuð, to make a wry face at one, Grett. 17; heita í höfuðit e-m, to be called after a person; hón jós sveininn vatni ok kvað hann skyldu heita í höfuð föður sínum, ok var hann kallaðr Gestr, Bárð. 24 new Ed.: the mod. usage distinguishes between heita í höfuð á e-m, when a person is alive when the child was born, and heita eptir e-m, when that person is dead; halda höfði, to hold one's head up, Flóv. 43, Og.; bera hátt höfuð, to bear one's head high, Sturl. iii. 147, Sighvat; hefja höfuðs, to lift one's head, Thom. 535; drepa niðr höfði, to droop one's head, Bs. i. 625; þoku hóf af höfði, the fog lifted, Ld. 74; búa hvárr í annars höfði, to be at loggerheads, Sks. 346; fara huldu höfði, to go with a hidden head, in disguise, to hide oneself, Fms. vi. 12; færa e-m höfuð sitt, to surrender oneself to an enemy, Eg. ch. 62, 63, Fms. x. 261; stíga yfir höfuð e-m, to pass over one's head, overcome one, 304; er á engri stundu örvænt nær elli stígr yfir h. mér, Eb. 332; hlaða hellum at höfði e-m, to leave one dead on the spot, Dropl. 18; ganga milli bols ok höfuðs, 'to gang between bole and head,' i.e. to kill outright, Eb. 240; hætta höfði, to risk one's head, Hm. 106; leggjask e-t undir höfuð, to lay under one's pillow, to put aside; leggjask ferð undir höfuð, Fær. 132, Orkn. 46; þú munt verða fátt undir höfuð at leggjask ef ek skal við þér taka, Sturl. i. 27; vera höfði hærri, to be a head taller, Fms. x. 381; setja höfuð á höfuð ofan, to set head upon head, Bs. i. 73, (viz. to consecrate a second bishop to a see, which was against the eccl. law); cp. kjósa annan konung í höfuð Davíð, Sks. 801. III. in a personal sense, in poets, a person, = Lat. caput, Gr. GREEK, GREEK; fárgjarnt höfuð, thou fearful woman! Fas. ii. 556; hraustara höfuð, a bolder man, 315; berjask við eitt höfuð, 49; heiptrækt höfuð, Ýt. 25; andprútt höfuð, high-minded man! Sighvat; tírar h., glorious man; leyfðar h., id., Geisli 56; vina höfuð = cara capita, Bm. 2; frænda höfuð, kinsmen, Skáld H. 3. 40; hvarfúst h., thou fickle woman! Hel. 2. 2. a number, tale, head, of animals; fádygt höfuð, of a fox, Merl. 1. 39: head, of cattle, þeir eiga at gjalda þingfarar-kaup, er skulda-hjóna hvert hefir höfuð, kú skuldalausa eða kúgildi, Grág. (Kb.) i. 159, referring to the old way of taxation, which is still the law in Icel., that a freeholder has to pay tax (skattr) only if he has more head of cattle (kúgildi, q.v.), than persons to support. IV. a head, chief; höfuð lendra manna, Fms. vii. 273; h. ok höfðingi, Stj. 457; Þrándheimr er h. Noregs, Fms. vi. 38; höfuð allra höfuð-tíða (gen.), Leiðarvís. 23. V. of head-shaped things: 1. a beak, of a ship; með gylltum höfðum, Fms. viii. 385, x. 10, 417, passim; dreka-höfuð, q.v.: the beak was usually a dragon's head, sometimes a bison's, Ó. H.; a steer's, Landn. 5. ch. 8; or it was the image of a god, e.g. of Thor, Fms. ii. 325, (Ó. T. ch. 253); or of a man, Karl-höfði, Ó. H., the ship of St. Olave; cp. the interesting passage, þat var upphaf enna heiðnu laga, at menn skyldu eigi hafa höfuðskip í hafi, en ef þeir hefði, þá skyldi þeir af taka höfuð áðr þeir kæmi í lands-sýn, ok sigla eigi at landi með gapandum höfðum eðr gínandi trjónum, svá at landvættir fældisk við, Landn. (Hb.) 258, Fms. vi. 180 (in a verse), vii. 51 (in a verse). 2. the capital of a pillar, Al. 116, Fb. i. 359 (of tent poles): of carved heads in a hall, sér þú augun útar hjá Hagbarðs-höfðinu? Korm. ch. 3: heads of idols carved on chairs, Fbr. ch. 38: carved heads on high-seats, Eb. ch. 4: that these figures sometimes represented fairies or goddesses is shewn by the word brúða (q.v.) and stólbrúða; heads of bedsteads seem to have been carved in a similar way; cp. also Korm. 86, see tjasna. 3. the head-piece of a bridle; týndi maðr höfði á beisli því er görsema-vel var gört, Bs. i. 314, v.l.; the head of a rake, hrífu-h., etc. COMPDS: höfða-búza, u, f. name of a ship, Fms. viii. höfða-fjöl, f. the head-board of a bedstead, Sturl. ii. 50, Fas. i. 489, Fb. ii. 297; opp. to fótafjöl, q.v. höfða-lag, n. the head of a bedstead, Fas. iii. 543; brast upp þilfjöl at höfðum Þorsteins, Fms. iii. 196. höfða-skip, n. a ship with a beak, Fms. ii. 302, Fb. iii. 448. höfða-tal, n. a 'tale of heads' Gþl. 396, Al. 75, Sks. 340. höfða-tala, u, f. = höfðatal. höfuð-band, n. a head-band, snood, Edda 71. höfuð-bani, a, m. (and höfuðs-bani), 'head's-bane,' death, destruction; tunga er h., a saying, Hm. 72, Landn. 307, Edda 73, Nj. 68, 71, Ld. 132, 246. höfuð-bein, n. head-bones, Fms. vi. 30, Bs. i. 178, Grett. höfuð-burðr, m. the bearing of the head: metaph. help, backing, support, lízt mér sem lítill h. muni mér at því, it will be of little avail for me, Ísl. ii. 125, Bs. i. 464, ii. 156, Sturl. i. 209, Fms. x. 170, Fs. 123, Mar. höfuð-búnaðr, höfuð-búningr, m. head-gear, Stj. 627, Sks. 225. Höfuð-dagr, m. 'Head-day,' i.e. Aug. 29, the Beheading of St. John Baptist. höfuð-dúkr, m. a head-kerchief, hood, Nj. 200, Stj. 208, Gísl. 21, Þiðr. 226, D. N. iii. 106, iv. 217. höfuð-faldr, m. = höfuðdúkr, Str. 82. höfuð-fatnaðr, m. head-gear, D. N. v. 263. höfuð-fetlar, m. pl. the head-piece of a bridle, Ýt. 10. höfuð-gerð, f. (Dan. hoved-gjerde), the head of a bedstead, Mar. höfuð-gjarnt, n. adj. fatal, dangerous to one's life; at honum mundi h. verða, Fb iii. 550; segir mér svá hugr um, at h. (höfuðgrant, Ed.) verði nokkurum vina Páls, ef ..., Sturl. i. 104. höfuð-gull, n. 'head-jewels,' Stj. 396, Bs. ii. 142, Art., Mar. höfuð-hlutr, m. the 'head-part,' upper part of the body, opp. to fótahlutr, Eg. 398, Fms. v. 352, xi. 277. höfuð-högg, n. a blow on the head, Grett. 119. höfuð-lausn, f. head's lease, is the name of three old poems, Ad. 8, where this is the true reading, see Eg. ch. 62, 63, Fb. iii. 241-243, Knytl. S. ch. 19. höfuð-lauss, adj. headless, without a head, Nj. 203, Fær. 185, Stj. 93, Rb. 344: without a leader, Fær. 169, Fms. viii. 264; h. herr, ix. 253; dauðr er höfuðlaus herr, a saying. höfuð-leðr, n. the head-piece of a bridle, Bs. i. 314. höfuð-lín, n. a linen hood, belonging to a priest's dress, Vm. 26, 29, 70, 73, Dipl. v. 18. höfuð-mein, n. a boil or sore on the head, Bs. i. 196. höfuð-mikill, adj. big-