This is page 308 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project. Click here to go to the main page about Cleasby/Vigfusson. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.) Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary. Click here to search the dictionary. This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers. The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

308 HÖFUÐMUNDR -- HÖGGORMR.

headed, Bárð. 165. höfuð-mundr, m. head-money, blood-money, for the slaying of an outlaw, Sturl. ii. 2. höfuð-órar, f. pl., medic. delirium, Sks. 703, Post. 656 C. 11, Mirm. ch. 20. höfuð-rót, f., botan. rose-root, a kind of sedum. höfuð-sár, n. a head-sore, wound in the head, Gþl. 180. Ísl. ii. 269, Fbr. 211. höfuð-skél, f. the 'head-shell,' skull. höfuð-skip, n. = höfðaskip, Landn. 258. höfuð-skjálfti, a, m., medic. a trembling of the head, palsy, Stj. 43. höfuð-smátt (smótt from smjúga), f. [hovud-smotta, Ivar Aasen], an opening for the head, in a coat, Ld. 134, 136, Fas. i. 165, Sæm. 139. höfuð-snauðr, adj. headless, Bjarn. höfuð-sótt, f. the turning disease, falling sickness, of sheep. höfuð-steypa, u, f., fara höfuðsteypu, to be overset, Fas. i. 272. höfuð-sundl, n., höfuð-svími, a, m. dizziness in the head. höfuð-svörðr, m. the head skin, scalp; in the phrase, standa yfir e-s höfuðsvörðum, to have an enemy's head at one's feet, slay one, Fms. iii. 104, Ld. 132, 172, Al. 106, 116. höfuð-tíund, f. a tithe from stock or investment, opp. to áváxtar-t., that on interest, K. Á. 58, N. G. L. i. 346. höfuð-verkr, m. head-ache, Bs. i. 179, 183, 253, Lækn. 471. höfuð-víti, n. capital punishment, Sturl. (in a verse). höfuð-vörðr, m. a body-guard, Stj. 488, Al. 103, Sks. 258, Fms. vii. 203, x. 150, Hkr. i. 244. höfuð-þváttr, m. head-washing, Lv. 84, Vígl. 30. höfuð-þyngsl, n. pl. heaviness in the head. höfuð-ærr, adj. insane, Mar., Art. höfuð-ærsl, n. pl. = höfuðórar, Sks. 703.

B. Chief, capital, found like the Gr. GREEK in countless COMPDS: höfuð-atriði, n. a chief point. höfuð-á, f. a chief river, Stj. 68. höfuð-árr, m. an archangel, Greg. 35, Hom. 145. höfuð-átt, f. one of the cardinal points, Rb. 440, Hkr. i. 49. höfuð-barmr, older höfuð-baðmr (Ad. 19, Eg. 316 (in a verse), Edda Ht.), m. the head stem, a Norse law term of an agnate lineage, opp. to kvennsift (q.v.), N. G. L. i. 49, 52, Edda. höfuðbarms-maðr, m. an agnate, N. G. L. i. 28, Js. 61. höfuð-baugr, m. the head-ring, in weregild. see baugr, a law term in Grág. ii. 171. höfuð-benda, u, f. 'head-rope' naut. the stays, Bær. 5, Fær. 164, Fas. iii. 118, N. G. L. i. 199, ii. 283, Krók. 59: metaph. a stay, help, Fms. vii. 362, Finnb. 298; fá sér nokkura höfuðbendu, Fms. iv. 79. höfuð-biti, a, m. the chief cross-beam in a ship. höfuðbita-rúm, n. the place of the h., N. G. L. i. 335. höfuð-blót, n. the chief sacrifice, Hkr. ii. 97, Rb. 412. höfuð-borg, f. a 'head-burgh,' metropolis, Fms. i. 101, Rb. 398. höfuð-ból, n. a manor, domain, Gþl. 233, N. G. L. i. 43, Fms. x. 393. höfuð-bæli, n. = höfuðból, Gþl. 387, Fagrsk. 57. höfuð-bær, m. = höfuðbúl, Fms. x. 265, xi. 422. höfuð-drottning, f. a sovereign queen, Sks. 759. höfuð-efni, n. = höfuðskepna, Hb. höfuð-engill, m. an archangel, Nj. 157, Hom. 133. höfuð-faðir, m. a patriarch: a father of the church, Stj. 87, 132, Al. 64, Niðrst. 10, Fb. i. 264. höfuð-firn, f. a great scandal, Fb. iii. 327. höfuð-fól, m. a great fool, 4. 20. höfuð-gersemi, f. a great jewel, Hkr. i. 264. höfuð-gjöf, f. a capital gift, Sks. 609, 738. höfuð-glæpr, m. a capital sin, Sks. 332, Mar. höfuð-goð, n. a principal god, Fms. xi. 386. höfuð-grein, f. a chief article, Barl. 167 (of faith). höfuð-gæfa, u, f. capital luck, Fms. vii. 88, x. 185. höfuð-hátíð, f. a principal feast, Fms. ii. 38, Mar. höfuð-hetja, u, f. a great champion, chief, Fas. ii. 242. höfuð-hof, n. a chief temple, Eg. 256. höfuð-innihald, n. chief contents. höfuð-ísar, m. pl. great masses or clumps of ice (on a river), when a channel is open in the middle, Fs. 52, Ld. 46, Nj. 142, 144, Sturl. i. 14. höfuð-íþrótt, f. a principal art, Mar. höfuð-kempa, u, f. a great champion, Sturl. iii. 65. höfuð-kennimaðr, m. a great clerk or scholar, ecclesiastic, Bs. i. 153. höfuð-kirkja, u, f. a high-church, cathedral, 623. 15, Fms. viii. 126, ix. 369, Bs. i. 48, Karl. 545, N. G. L. i. 7, D. N. ii. 4, Al. 10. höfuð-klerkr, m. a great clerk or scholar, Sturl. i. 95. höfuð-konungr, m. a sovereign king, Fas. ii. 11, Edda (pref.), Karl. 410. höfuð-kostr, m. a cardinal virtue, Hom. 134. höfuð-kvöl, f. a great torment, Mar. höfuð-list, f. = höfuðiþrótt, Sks. 633. höfuð-lýti, n. a capital fault, N. G. L. ii. 417. höfuð-læknir, m. a chief physician, Hkr. iii. 35. höfuð-lærdómr, m. a chief doctrine. höfuð-löstr, m. a cardinal sin, deadly sin, Sks. 609. höfuðs-maðr, m. a head-man, chief, leader, Fms. x. 40, xi. 243, Hkr. i. 139; in Icel. in the 16th and 17th centuries this was the title of the governor, see hirðstjóri. höfuð-meistari, a, m. a head-master, Sks. 634, Stj. 564, Bs. ii. 223. höfuð-merki, n. the chief mark, characteristic, Rb. 80: the chief standard, Karl. 158. höfuð-musteri, n. = höfuðkirkja, Lex. Poët. höfuð-nafn, n. the principal name, Rb. 112. höfuð-nauðsyn, f. high need, Ld. 296, Fms. ix. 509, Karl. 140. höfuð-niðjar, m. pl. the head-kinsmen, agnates, = hofuðbarmsmenn, Bragi, Gkv. 3. 5. höfuð-prestr, m. a 'chief priest,' the priest of a höfuðkirkja, H. E. i. 474, 655 ii. 1, D. N. passim, N. G. L. i. 378, 390: a chief priest, high priest, N. T. höfuð-ráð, n. a head-council, chief council, Gþl. 6l, Fms. viii. 438, ix. 240. höfuð-ráðgjafi, a, m. a chief adviser, Barl. 109, Fms. ix. 293. höfuð-skáld, n. a 'head-scald,' great poet, Fms. vi. 386, Fbr. 116, Edda 49, 154, O. H. L. 57, Geisli 12. höfuð-skepna, u, f. a 'head-creation,' prime element, Bs. i. 145, Skálda 174, 175, Barl. 131, Eluc. 8; himnarnir munu forganga með stórum brestum, en höfuðskepnurnar bráðna, 2 Pet. iii. 10. höfuð-skutilsvein, n. a head cup-bearer, Karl. 84. höfuð-skömm, f. a chief shame, scandal, Fms. vi. 262, Al. 147. höfuð-skörungr, m. a great and noble person, of a woman, Sturl. iii. 6. höfuð-smiðr, m. a chief workman, architect, 656 B. 8, Stj. 23, Bs. i. 81, Fms. x. 320, Fbr. 12. höfuð-spekingr, m. a great, wise man, Sks. 14. höfuð-staðr, m. a 'head-stead,' capital, chief place, Fms. iv. 236, vii. 159, xi. 202, 299, Eg. 267, Sks. 647, Edda 10, Bs. i. 90. höfuð-stafn, m. a 'head-stem,' raven's beak, Höfuðl. höfuð-stafr, m., gramm. a 'head-stave,' head letter, capital, initial, used freq. in this sense by Thorodd: but grammarians use it specially of the letters h, q, v, þ, which can stand only at the beginnings of syllables, (see Gramm. p. xv, col. 1 at the bottom; Skálda 165-171) :-- in prosody, the third of the alliterative letters (ljóðstafir) standing 'ahead' of the second verse line, the preceding two being called stuðlar; thus in 'þá var grund groin | grænum lauki,' the g in 'grænum' is a höfuðstafr, but in 'grund' and 'gróin' a stuðill, Edda 120: in mod. usage höfuðstafir in pl. is used of all the alliterative letters, skáldskapr þinn er skothent klúðr | skakk-settum höfuðstöfum með, Jón Þorl. höfuð-stjarna, u, f. a chief star, Rb. 440. höfuð-stóll, n. a chief seat: a trade term, capital, opp. to interest. höfuð-stólpi, a, m. a chief girder, Sks. 633. höfuð-styrkr, m. principal strength, N. G. L. ii. 416. höfuð-synd, f. a deadly sin, Hom. 33, 74, 671. 17. höfuð-sæti, n. a chief seat, Sks. 108, 460. höfuð-tunga, u, f. a chief language, Edda (pref.) höfuð-vápn, n. a principal weapon, Sks. 430. höfuð-veizla, u, f. a chief banquet, Fms. xi. 422. höfuð-vél, f. a chief device, Sks. 528, 633. höfuð-vindr, m. a wind from one of the cardinal points, Rb. 438. höfuð-vinr, m. a bosom friend, Fms. ix. 308, 451. höfuð-þing, n. a great jewel: a chief meeting. höfuð-ætt, f. a chief family.

HÖFUNDR, m., gen. ar; the masc. inflex. -undr reminds one of the Gothic (Gramm. p. xxxii. B. V); in old writers the word is found only four times, always in the sense of a judge, and referring chiefly to Gothland in Sweden; Höfundr (a mythol. pr. name) var manna vitrastr, ok svá réttdæmr, at hann hallaði aldri réttum dómi, ... ok af hans nafni skyldi sá höfundr heita í hverju ríki er mál manna dæmdi, Fas. (Hervar. S.) i. 523, cp. 513: as also in Hrólfs S. Kraka (referring to Gothland), höfundr einn var þar til settr at skora þetta mál með sannindum, settusk margir í þetta sæti, ok kallaði höfundr öngum sæma, Þórir gengr seinastr ok sezk hann þegar í stólinn; höfundr mælti, þér er sætið hæfiligast, ok muntu dæmdr til þessarar stjórnar, Fas. i. 58: sigr-höfundr, the judge of victory, the Lord of battle, a name given to Odin by Egil, Stor. 21: lastly in Thorodd, skáld eru höfundar allrar rýnni eða máls-greina, sem smiðir málmgripa (?), eðr lögmenn laga, the poets are judges in all matters of grammar and syntax, as smiths in workmanship, and lawyers in law, Skálda (Thorodd) 164; this passage as well as the preceding is erroneously rendered in the earlier translations, as also in Lex. Poët. II. an author, originator; the revival of this ancient word, in quite a different sense, is curious; it does not occur in any of the earliest glossaries of the 17th century nor in the Bible nor in Vídalín, but, as it seems for the first time, in the Lexidion Islandico-Latinum, published at Copenhagen A.D. 1734, as a rendering of the Latin auctor, and was probably inserted by some learned philologer (Jon Ólafsson?) from the passage in Skálda, by a mistake. 2. by the end of the century it came to be used = a writer, and is now freq. in that sense, either rit-höfundr or singly; but still in 1781, in the preface to Fél. of that year, ritsmiðr (writ-smith) and höfundr are both used, shewing that the latter was not yet settled, though at present the use of this word is quite fixed.

HÖGG, n., old dat. höggvi, Ó. H. 184, Fms. vii. 230, Nj. passim; gen. pl. höggva; [Shetl. huggie; Scot. hag; Dan. hug; Swed. hugg; cp. the verb höggva] :-- a stroke, blow, esp. a stroke with an edged weapon, but also with a blunt one, Fms. vii. 191, 230, 297; laust hann selinn í svíma et fyrsta högg, Bs. i. 342; ljósta högg á dyr, to knock, Fs. 131, Nj. 28; í einu höggvi, of throwing a stone, Edda 72; högg loptsins, Skálda 174: sayings, skamma stund verðr hönd höggvi fegin, Nj. 64, 155, 213; eigi fellr tré við it fyrsta högg, Nj. 163, 224; eiga í höggvi við e-n, to have a quarrel, come to blows with a person; það sér ekki högg á vatni, a stroke in water is not seen, leaves no mark, of efforts without effect. 2. slaughter, a beheading; leiddr til höggs, Grett. 85, Karl. 518, Clem. 58; dæma e-n til höggs, Blas. 49; slaughter of cattle, yxn er hann ætlaði til höggs, Eg. 181; strand-högg, q.v. 3. a hewing down of trees, Dan. hugst, Grág. ii. 297; skógar-högg, 292; högg ok höfn, D. N.: a gap, kom þá skjótt högg í liðit, Fms. ix. 305. 4. of an instrument; þela-högg, q.v.; saum-högg, q.v.; fjal-högg, a chopping-block. 5. a ravine or a cut-like gap in a mountain. höggva-skipti, -viðskipti, n. exchange of blows, Fms. i. 38, v. 165, Eg. 581, Korm. 212, Fs. 48.

högg-eyx, f. a hewing axe, hatchet, Fbr.

högg-færi, n. the being within sword's reach, so as to have a chance of striking, Nj. 97, Gullþ. 30, Al. 33, passim.

högg-járn, n. a 'hewing iron,' chopper, Ld. 38, K. Þ. K. 112: a chisel.

högg-ormr, m. [North. E. hagworm; Swed. huggorm], a viper, 623.