This is page 637 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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TORFBASS -- TORTYNA. 637

borgar-vegg af grjóti ok torfi ok viðum, Fms. i. 123; lét konungr bera til viðu ok torf ok fylla díkit, vii. 54; torfs-maðr, a person who runs the gauntlet pelted with sods, N.G.L. i. 253. 2. turf for fuel, peat; geita gættu, grófu torf, dug turf, peat, Rm. 12; hann fann fyrstr manna at skera torf ór jörðu til eldiviðar á Torfnesi á Skotlandi, þvíat íllt var til viðar í Eyjunum, Orkn. 16; skera torf til eldibranda, Grág. ii. 338; elda er rétt at göra ok kljúfa torf til, K.Þ.K. 88; hann stóð í mýri nökkurri ok gróf torf, Njarð. 370; eldi-torf, 'fuel-turf,' i.e. peat, Ísl. ii. 112.

B. COMPDS: torf-báss, m. a boose or shed to keep sods (or peat?) in, Ísl. ii. 113. torf-bingr, m. a pile of turfs or peat, Ísl. ii. 112. torf-færi, n. pl. tools for cutting sods and peat, Háv. 47. torf-garðr, m. a fence of sods, D.N. v. 957. torf-gröf, f. a turf-hole, peat-pit, Grág. ii. 338; kirkja á tvítuga t. í Nesland, Vm. 39; eptir mýrinni fyrir sunnan Molastaða torfgrafir, Dipl. v. 25; Haraldr jarl ungi féll við torf-grafir nökkurar, Orkn. 476 (referring to the Orkneys). torf-hraukr, m. a peat-stack, Sturl. i. 179. torf-hrip, n. a basket to carry peat, Nj. 252. torf-hús, n. a peat-shed. torf-kast, n. a pelting with sods, Sturl. iii. 225, cp. Eb. ch. 41. torf-krókr, m. a kind of box (a sketch of which see Eggert Itin. tab. viii. fig. 2), to carry peat and sods, Sturl. i. 179 C. torf-köstr, m. a turf-stack, peat-stack, Vm. 13. torf-leikr, m. a game, 'turf-laking,' pelting, Eb. 210; prob. = the Scot. game of bickers, see Sir W. Scott's Waverley, the Appendix to the General Preface. torf-ljár, m. = torfskeri. torf-menn, m. pl. 'turf-men,' dealers in turf, N.G.L. iii. 15 (year 1282). torf-mór, m. a turf-moor, Grág. ii. 338. torf-mýrr, f. turf-moor, a local name, Vm. 5. torf-naust, n. a ship-shed (naust) built of turf (or a 'turf or peat-shed?'), Landn. 118. torf-skeri, a, m. a turf-cutter, Landn. 283, (mod. torf-ljár.) torf-skurðr, m. cutting turf or peat, Sturl. i. 79; Vetrliði skáld var at torfskurði með húskörlum sínum, Bs. i. 14; staðrinn í Runa á torfskurð í Bakkaland á Torfmýri svá sem þarf til eldiviðar, Vm. 5; t. er í Hólalaud frá Spákonu-felli, Pm. 67; skógr í Þverárhlíð at viða til sels, t. í Steindórs-staða land, D.I. i. 471. torf-staða, u, f. a place where turf or peat is cut; jörðin á torfstöðu á Hól ofan frá Öngulstöðum, Dipl. v. 5. torf-stakkr, m. a peat-stack, Ísl. ii. 116; griðungrinn hefir brotið niðr torfstakka hans, Ld. 336. torf-verk, n. a cutting turf or peat, Rd. 278, Vm. 5. torf-virki, n. pl. a false reading for tjöru-virki, N.G.L. i. 251, cp. ii. 145. torf-völlr, m. a place to dry peat, Dipl. iv. 12. torf-völr, m. [torvol, Ivar Aasen], a thin plank running along the eaves of a turf-thatched cottage, so as to prevent the earth falling down, N.G.L. i. 101, Gþl. 331. torf-öx, f. a turf-axe, for cutting turf or peat, Háv. 47.

&FINGER; The passages quoted all refer to Iceland, except two or three to the Orkneys, and one to Norway, viz. torfmenn. In a country bare or stripped of wood, turf plays an important part in husbandry, as sod for buildings and fencing, and as peat for fuel. In the Orkneys the Norse earl Einar got the soubriquet of 'Turf-Einar' (Torf-Einarr) for having taught the Norsemen to dig peat (having probably learnt it himself from the Gaelic tribes in Scotland); the place was hence called Torf-nes, Orkn. The digging of peat in the poem Rigsmál is one of the many proofs of the birthplace of that poem. The only passage referring to Norway is that cited under torfmenn, a peat-man (see B), unless the legislator here specially had in mind the Norsemen of the Orkneys who, at that time, were an integral part of the Norse kingdom, without a special code of laws.

torfa, u, f. turf, a green spot; á yztu torfur sinna herbergja, Fbr. 156; þar sem sær mætisk ok græn torfa, N.G.L. i. 13. 2. many farms built together are in Icel. called torfa. II. a slice of sod (if square it is called hnauss, q.v.); þá fellr torfa ór garðinum ok skriðnar hann, Ísl. ii. 357; eyri fyrir torfu hverja (troðu, næfra kimbul, torfu), N.G.L. i. 101, Ld. 58, 60, referring to the ordeal of going under a sod of turf; torfu bugr, the bend of the sod, Ld. l.c.: metaph., höggva torfu, a slice, af höfði, N.G.L. i. 81. torfu-þíðr, adj. thawed, Jb. 302.

Torfa, u, f., and Torfi, a, m., pr. names, Landn. (in Skáld torfa).

tor-fenginn and tor-fengr, adj. hard to get, Fms. v. 187, Ld. 188.

tor-flutt, part. n.; þat eyrendi mundi torflutt, difficult to carry, Þorf. Karl. 386.

torf-viðr, m. = tyri-viðr, [A.S. tyrwe], a tarred tree; kasta loganda torfviði með brennu-steini, Róm. 277 (= Lat. 'picem et sulphure taedam mixtam ardenti mittere,' Sallust, Jug. ch. 57).

torf-völr, m., see torf B.

tor-fyndr, adj. hard to find, rare, Stor.

tor-færa, u, f. a difficult, dangerous passage or road, Al. 20, Fms. xi. 253, Sks. 207, MS. 655 viii. 2, Clem. 29.

tor-færi, n. = torfæra, Orkn. 208.

tor-færiligr, adj. hard to pass, Al. 54, Sks. 214.

tor-færr, adj. id., Fms. vii. 297.

tor-færur, f. pl. places hard to pass.

TORG, n. [Swed. torg; Dan. torv; the other word markaðr is from the Lat., and torg is prob. a Slav. word; Russ. torge] :-- a market or mart; menn konungs höfðu torg ok skemtun ok leika úti hjá herbergjunum, Fms. xi. 366; hann var úti staddr á torgi, þar var fjölmenni mikit, i. 80; hann leitaði eptir of matkaup, görðu þeir honum þann kost, at þeir mundi setja þeim torg framan til Föstu, Orkn. 344; setja e-m torg til matkaupa, Fms. vii. 78; Sigmundi konungi var hvervetna sett torg ok annarr farar-greiði, Fas. i. 143; hafa torg fyrir hvers manns dyrum, Rétt. 12; á bryggjum eðr á stræti eðr á torgi, Gþl. 178, Matt. xi. 16, xx. 3, xxiii. 7, Mark vii. 4, Luke vii. 32, Acts xvi. 19, xvii. 17. II. a market-place, in Nidaros, D.N. iii. 195; in Bergen, Bs. i. 636; in Oslo, D.N. iv. 307, 697; cattle and sheep were to be bought 'á torgi' in the market-place, but fresh fish 'fyrir torgi,' Rétt. 2. 5 (Fr.); the word is never used in reference to Icel. In Scandin. towns the squares are called 'torg,' e.g. Kongens Ny-torv, Gammel-Torv, in Copenhagen: allit., um tún og torg, þjóðin öll um tún og torg | tók upp hrygðarklæði, Barbarossa kvæði (Ed. by Maurer).

torga, að, to eat up; with dat., eg torga því ekki, I cannot eat it up; hann át sem hann torgaði, he ate all he could.

Torgar, f. pl. (name of an island in Norway), a market(?); see Gramm. p. xvii, col. 2, l. 12 from the bottom.

tor-gætr, adj. hard to get, rare, Fms. iv. 124, Ld. 128; torgætar görsimar, Stj.

tor-höfn, f. atrophy, Björn.

tor-kenna, d, to transform, so as to make it hard to recognise; leitaðusk þau við at torkenna hann sem þau máttu, to dissemble, disparage, Finnb. 220.

tor-kenndr, part. hard to recognise, Sturl. iii. 148, Fms. x. 383.

tor-kenniligr, adj. = torkenndr.

tor-kenning, f. a disguise, Art.

tor-leiði, n. = torfæri, Eg. 410, Edda 60, Al. 50, Greg. 22.

tor-merki, n. pl., in the phrase, telja t. á e-u, to dissuade by detailing all the difficulties, Fas. ii. 393.

tor-moltinn, part. hard to digest, Björn.

tor-mæði, f. rancour, Hom. 26 (= Lat. rancor).

tor-næmr, adj. hard to learn, Sks. 244, 265: of a person, slow to learn, opp. to næmr.

tor-ráðr, adj. embarrassing, a pr. name, Landn.

tor-rek, n. (qs. tor-wrek, a dismal wreck, sad loss), a loss, detriment; ef maðr er stolinn fé sínn ... ok lýsa sínu torreki, N.G.L. i. 83; furðu mikit t. görir faðir þinn sér at, Hkr. i. 73; várt t. lízk verra, Sighvat: the name of a poem, Sona-torrek, Sons' loss, Eg.

tor-reyfiligr, adj. difficult, Sks. 20 (v.l.) new Ed.

tor-ræki, n. misfortune, Eg. 699.

tor-sóttligr, adj. of persons, hard to overcome, come at, Lv. 49, Ld. 238; eiga við torsóttligt fólk, Fb. iii. 445: of things, hard to perform or the like, Fms. ix. 295, Ld. 178, 292.

tor-sóttr, adj. = torsóttligr, Nj. 223, Ld. 278, Fbr. 38, Fms. v. 37.

tor-sveigðr, part. hard to sway, bend, Fms. x. 288.

tor-sveigr, adj. id., Ísl. ii. 246.

tor-sýnn, adj. hard to see, Nj. 111, v.l.

tor-sækiligr = torsóttligr, Grett. 133 C.

tor-sær, adj. = torsýnn, Ísl. ii. 333.

torta, u, f. the podex of a beast.

tor-talinn, part. hard to count, Fms. viii. 411.

tor-tíma (mod. tor-týna), d, to destroy, with dat., Fas. ii. 517, 519, Stj. 456; drepit hafa þeir Jamund ok allt lið hans, ok tortímt hafa þeir guðunum sjálfum, Karl. 231; fyrirbjóðu vér hverjum manni þeim at tortíma eðr þeirra varnaði aflögliga, D.N. i. 80. 2. to kill; engu skyldi tortíma í fjallinu hvárki fé né mönnum, Eb. 7 new Ed.; vildi hann eigi t. hindinni, Þiðr. 165; ok lét öngu tortíma (tortýna Ed.) þar nema kvikfé heimilu, Landn. 254; taka við barninu, fara með þat til Reykjadals-ár ok tortíma því þar, Ísl. i. 19; hánum mátti hvárki tortíma gálgi né virgill, O.H.L. 8l.

tortís, m. a torch, Mar., Karl.

tor-tryggð, f. doubt, suspicion, incredulity, 623. 26; nú skulu vér hnekkja þeirri t. ok sýna einurð várrar frásagnar, Fms. viii. 48; skulu þeir vera vitnis-menn ok ef nokkur verðr t. þar á, ok skal fé virða, Jb. 406; hafa t. á e-m, to suspect, Str. 16, 76; t. leikr á e-u, Js. 26; e-m er t. á, Þiðr. 128, passim.

tor-tryggiliga, adv. doubtfully, suspiciously, Sks. 80.

tor-tryggiligr, adj. doubtful, suspicious, Nj. 103 C.

tor-tryggja, ð, to mistrust, doubt, suspect; ok bað hann ekki t. þess ins helga manns miskunn, Fms. v. 147; enn margir eru þeir menn er þetta gruna, ok tortryggva þessa hluti, x. 371; skal ek aldrigi tortryggva mátt hans, Blas. 48; verði hann tortryggðr um eiðinn, Grág. i. 56; ef sá tortryggvir boðit er málann á, ii. 245; nú vill maðr úskyldr kaupa ok tyrtryggir (sic) sá er næstr er kaupi, N.G.L. i. 92; ef sá tortryggir er fyrir varð, Gþl. 164.

tor-tryggleiki, a, m. distrust, Str. 32.

tor-tryggr, adj. doubtful, incredulous; Högni var hljoðlyndr, tortryggr ok sannorðr, Nj. 91; hann er svá t. at hann trúir engum manni, Glúm. 397; hann ávítaði þá, þvíat þeir vóru tortryggvir, Hom. 88.

tor-týna, d, an etymologizing corruption of tortíma, but only in very late vellums and in mod. paper transcripts; Fms. v. 213 is an error, for