This is page 734 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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734 ÞÉLA -- ÞESSLIGR.

þéla, að, to file, Þiðr. 79.

Þela-mörk, f. the Mark of the Thilir (Þilir, q.v.), a county in Norway, Thelemarken, Fms.

þel-högg, n. = þela-högg, B.K. 83.

þeli, a, m. [akin to þel = nap], frozen ground; vetr svá góðr at engi kom þeli í jörð, Landn. (App.) 324; var þá allr þeli ór jörðu, ok svá blautlent at ..., Fms. ix. 511; snælaust á jörðu, var svað a þelanum, viii. 393; en ef jörðin væri fyrir útan allan verma eðr yl, þá væri hón öll í einum þela, Sks. 210; þíða þela ór brjósti e-m, Hom. 107. 2. metaph. obstruction in the chest, catarrh; hafa þela fyrir brjóstinu. COMPDS: þela-högg, n. an ice-hoe, Bs. i. 319 (freq. in church-inventories for grave-digging), Vm. 65, 70, 87, 117, 124. þela-lauss, adj. unfrozen, thawed, Fas. iii. 3.

ÞELLA, u, f. [akin to þollr], a young pine, Norse telle, Lex. Poët., passim, esp. in circumlocutions of women; auðar-þella, hör-þella, mjaðar-þella, Lex. Poët.

þelli, n. a collect. = þella, Lex. Poët. COMPDS: þelli-safl, a, m. the sap of young pine-trees, Fms. viii. 33. þelli-viðr, m. pine-wood, B.K. 55.

þemba, ð, to blow up, inflate the bowels; þ. sig upp; upp-þembðr, puffed-up, inflated: -- to ride at a dull pace.

þemba, u, f. flatulence; upp-þemba.

þembingr, m. = þemba; or upp-þembingr; cp. þömb, þamba.

þembinn, adj. inflated, blown up. þembi-þrjótr, m. a puffed-up rogue, charlatan, Orkn. (in a verse).

þéna, t and að, later form for þjóna (q.v.), to serve; hann þénti hátíðis-dag, Nik. 73; þéatu, Fas. iii. 358, Th. 4.

þénari, a, m. [Germ. diener; Dan. tjener], a servant, (mod. word.)

þengill, m. [A.S. þengel, from þing], prop. captain of a þing(?), a king, prince, only in poets, Edda i. 516, Hkv. 1. 22, Skv. 1. 25; manna-þengill, the peace-maker of man, of Heimdal, Gm.; stól-þengill, Fms. vi. (in a verse). II. a pr. name, Landn.

þenja, u, f. a kind of axe, Edda (Gl.): a nickname, Fms. xi. 369; cp. þynna.

ÞENJA, pres. þen; pret. þanði, þandi; subj. þendi; part. þaniðr, þandr, þaninn: [A.S. þenjan; O.H.G. denjan; Germ. dehnen; Swed. tänja; Gr. GREEK; Lat. teneo, tendo] :-- to stretch, extend; hann tók hinnu þunna ok þanði of andlit sér, Clem. 129; þenja vömbina, to distend, fill the belly, Fms. viii. 436; þeir flógu af skinn ok þöndu um Klaufa, Sd. 154; þenja húð, Fas. i. 289; sem blaut húð væri þönd um smá-kvistu, Barl. 81; síðan lét hann þ. línu-streng miðil hæla tveggja, Blas. 46; þ. milli tveggja trjá, ... þ. e-n í stagli, Andr. 74, 76. II. reflex., ok þensk upp sem hvöss hljóðs-grein, Skálda 175.

þenking, f. a thinking, (mod.); um-þenking, reflection.

ÞENKJA, t; for the origin of this word see þekkja, which is the true old Norse form; [þenkja is a mod. word from Germ. denken, whence Dan. tænke] :-- to think; this word first appears at or shortly before the Reformation; hann kvað sér þenkjast, Skáld H. 7. 5; in the Osvalds S., since in the Bible, in hymns, Pass., Vídal.; skal eg þá þurfa að þenkja, hann þyrmi einum mér, Hallgr.: in Sturl. i. 83 (the Editions) and in Lv. 48 this word is due to a mod. interpolation.

þensla, u, f. [þenja], expansion.

þénusta, u, f., a later form for þjónusta (q.v.), a service, Th. 3, H.E. i. 561.

þér, dat. from þú = Lat. tibi, see Gramm. p. xxi. II. plur. ye, later form for ér, see p. 132, col. 2: in addressing, you; gjörið þér svo vel, please!

þéra, að, to address by þér (ye); cp. þúa.

þerfi-ligr, adj. useful, convenient; er-at mér þerfiligt, it will not do for me, Grett. (in a verse).

þerflask, að, = þermlask, Fms. v. 27 (in a verse).

þermlask, að, [qs. þerflask, from þarfr, with m = f], to lack, miss, want; with gen., þá er maðr þermlask síns gripar, Grág. ii. 190; hluti þá er þat bú má þermlaz, 43 (þarnask, v.l.); láta e-n þ. handa ok fóta, Sighvat: with dat., allt mál þat er þermlask alþýðligu orðtaki, a phrase not in popular use, i.e. an obsolete phrase, Skálda 199: vvith acc., at engi hlutr þermliz þær báðar, Greg. 6.

þerms-ligr, adj. meet, fit; bjóða þeim öllum heim til vistar, þat væri þermsligt, Ísl. ii. 387.

þerna, u, f. a tern or sea-swallow, sterna hirundo, Grág. ii. 347, Edda (Gl.); spá-þerna, Hkr. i. (in a verse), and in mod. usage: in the local name þern-ey, near Reykjavík. II. a servant, [Dan. tærne; quite a different word, akin to þirr] :-- a maid-servant, Stj. 138, 172, 616, and so in mod. usage.

þér-na, dat. = þér (see -na), Fms. vi. 422 (= tibi-met).

ÞERRA, ð, in mod. usage að, [Ulf. ga-þairsan; Dan. törre; cp. Lat tergo; Gr. GREEK; see þurr] :-- to dry, to wipe; hann þó sik ok þerrði á hvítum dúk, and wiped himself on a white towel, Fs. 5; er þú þerrir Gram (the sword) á grasi, Fm. 25; hann þerrði blóðit af andlitinu, Fb. ii. 359; þerra sér um brá með hvítri hendi, Hallfred; þerra af sér sveita, Kormak; á þér munu þau þerra þat, they will wipe it out on thyself, of a blot, Ls. 4; griðkona þín þerrir fætr sína á leiði mínu, Fms. i. 254; þ. af oss synda-dust með iðranar-hendi, Hom. (St.); hón þó fætr hans í tarum ok þerrði hári sínu, Greg. 45; Guð mun þerra öll tár af þeirra augum, Rev. xxi. 4; þerra blóð ok sveita af e-m, Blas. 45; hón tók skikkjuna ok þerrði með blóðit allt, Nj. 171; af þerrar (= þerrir) klár öll þeirra tár, ástar koss margan gefr, Hallgr.; hann mælti við konu þá er honum þerrði, of bathing, Sturl. iii. 111. 2. to dry; þerra úti föt, K.Þ.K. 82; þerra hey, Grág. ii. 276; sólin hefir þerrt sanda þessa með sínum hita, Al. 50. Mod. usage distinguishes between þerra, to wipe, and þurka to dry.

þerra, u, f. a towel, Hm. 4, Nj. 176, Sturl. iii. 111, Hkr. iii. 129.

þerri-dagr, m. a dry day, Eb. 260.

þerri-leysa, u, f. want of dryness, a wet season, Ann. 1312; þerrileysi-sumar, a wet summer, id.

þerrir, m. dryness, of weather, dry weather, esp. such as is wanted in summer for drying hay; it is a household word in Icel.; eptir þat mun verða gott til þerra (gen. pl.) hinn næsta hálfan mánuð, Eb. 150; um kveldit görði þerri góðan ok þornaði heyit, 260; til þerris, for drying, Ld. 290; breiða klæði til þerris, Fms. iii. 184; ú-þerrir, wetness, a wet season; rifa-þerrir, a scorching dry day. þerra-leysi, n. a lack ofþerrir, Bs. i. 144.

þerri-samr, adj. good for drying, of a season, Eb. 150; sumar ú-þerrisamt, a wet summer, 258.

þerri-sumar, n. a dry summer, Sturl. ii. 81.

þess, gen., see þat B.

þess-háttar, gen. of that kind, Fms. i. 15, Edda 148.

ÞESSI, fem. þessi, neut. þetta, a demonstr. pron.

A. THE FORMS. -- The Icel., like other Teut. languages, except the Goth., has two demonstr. prons., one simple, sá sú þat, another emphatic or deictic, þessi, þetta (cp. Gr. GREEK and GREEK, Lat. hic and hicce); the latter is a compound word, the particle -si, sometimes changed into -sa, being suffixed to the cases of the simple pronoun; Dr. Egilsson, in Lex. Poët., first explained that this suffix was the imperative 'see,' Goth. sai; þessi, as well as the Engl. thi-s, the-se, tho-se, is therefore qs. the-see, that-see. The forms vary much: I. the earliest declension is with the suffixed particle, like -gi in ein-gi, q.v., indeclinable; it is mostly so on the Runic stones, where we find the following forms, -- dat. þeim-si (huic-ce), Rafn 178; acc. þann-si (hunc-ce), passim; þá-si (hanc-ce): plur. þeir-si (hi-ce); dat. þeim-si (his-ce); acc. þá-si (hos-ce); neut. plur. þau-si (haec-ce), passim: of this declension the vellums have only preserved the dat. sing. neut. því-sa, and the dat. masc. sing. and plur. þeim-a. On the Runic stones the acc. masc. sing. and plur., the acc. fem. plur., and the acc. neut. plur. are, so to say, standing phrases -- to raise 'this stone,' 'these stones,' or 'these kumbls' (neut. plur.), or to carve 'these Runes;' but the other cases can only be assumed from later forms; in the Runic inscriptions they are wanting, because there was no occasion for them; thus því-sa and þeima are freq. in old Icel. vellums, but are hardly met with in Runes. Even nom. sing. masc. and fem. sá-si (hic-ce) and sú-si (haec-ce) are said to occur in two or three Runic inscriptions. II. the whole word was next turned into a regular adjective with the inflexion at the end, just like margr from mann-gi, öngr from ein-gi, in which case the suffix became assimilated to the preceding pronoun, sometimes the inflexive s and sometimes the final letter of the pronoun prevailing; hence arose the forms as given in Gramm. p. xxi: α. the s prevailed in the forms þessi qs. þer-si; in þes-sa; in þessum qs. þeim-sum, þem-sum; rununi þimsum (hisce literis) occurs in Rafn 165, but is there erroneously explained; in þessu qs. því-su: acc. plur. þessa qs. þá-sa, þessar qs. þær-sar, þessi qs. þau-si. β. again, the final of the pronoun prevailed in þenna qs. þann-sa, þetta qs. þat-sa; so also in þeima, which stands for þeimnia, which again is an assimilation for þeim-sa or þeim-si. 2. the older form for gen. and dat. sing. fem., as also gen. plur., is bisyllabic (gen. þessa, dat. þessi, gen. plur. þessa); þessar messu, Hom. 41; þessar upp-rásar, Fms. i. 166: í þessi útlegð, 78; af þessi sótt, ix. 390; til þessa saka, Grág. i. 324, and passim; hence, later, þessarrar, þessarri, þessarra; thus, þessarrar, MS. 544. 151; þessarri, Sks. 672 B; þessarrar, 786 B, and so in mod. usage. III. a spec. form is þessor (q.v.), formed like nokkorr or engarr, but only used in nom. sing. fem. and nom. acc. neut. plur. (þessor bæn, þessor orð); it seems to be a Norse form: [A.S. þes, pl. þâs; Engl. this, these; Hel. þese; O.H.G. deser; Germ. dieser; Dan.-Swed. denne is formed from the old acc. þenna; pl. disse.]

B. THE SENSE. -- This, pl. these. For the usages see the writers passim; it suffices to observe, that þessi is used both as adjective and as substantive; as adjective it may be placed before or after its noun (þessi kona or kona þessi): ellipt. usages are, í þessu, in this moment, Fms. ii. 60; í þessi (viz. hríð), in this nick of time, x. 415. For its usage with the article inn, see hinn, p. 263, col. 1 (II. 1); þessi inn skakk-borni, sveinn, Al. 29; þenna inn unga dreng, 656 C. 32, and passim.

þess-konar, gen. of that kind, such, Hkr. i. 119, Ísl. ii. 391, Íb. 9, Sks. 97, Fms. x. 289.

þess-liga, adv. 'thusly' on this wise, thus, Fb. i. 280.

þess-ligr, adj. 'thus-like,' of such appearance, Lv. 59.