This is page 743 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project. Click here to go to the main page about Cleasby/Vigfusson. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.) Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary. Click here to search the dictionary. This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers. The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

ÞÓFARI -- ÞRÁ 743

þófið mitt, Ísl. Þjóðs., and freq. in mod. usage. II. metaph. a wearisome, endless struggle; leiðisk mér þóf þetta, Nj. 92, Sturl. i. 101, Grett. 134; þar kemr enn þófinu, at ..., Fms. xi. 429, Grett.

þófari, a, m. a stamper.

þófi, a, m. felt; þeir skáru sér stakka ór þófum, Bs. i. 667, passim. 2. esp. of felt used as a saddle-cloth; þófa á tvá hesta, Vm. 177; slær við beisli, lætr þófa á bak hestinum, Hrafn. 7; hann léttir söðlinum upp af þófanum, Sturl. iii. 295. COMPDS: þófa-höttr, m. a felt hood, Fms. iv. 76, ix. 445, Nj. 179. þófa-stakkr, m. a felt cloak, Sturl., Bs. i. 667.

þófna, að, to thicken, of cloth, etc.

þóknan, f. a pleasure; vel-þóknan, good-will.

þóknask, að, dep. [þykkja, þótti, cp. þokki], to be pleased; vita hversu Frey þóknisk til þin, Fms. ii. 74; Ólafi þóknaðisk vel tal þeirra, O. was well pleased with their talk, i. 220; þóknaðisk hvárt öðru vel, 102, N.G.L, ii. 421.

ÞÓPTA, u, f., better þopta, for optar, þopta make a rhyme; now sounded þótta :-- a rowing bench, aptr stökk þjóð um þoptur, Hallfr.; þessi maðr var hárr á þoptu, Fms. ii. 180; mörk fyrir þoptu hverja, þat heita þoptu-gjöld, N.G.L. i. 103: allit., þóptu ok þilju, Grág., passim.

þópti, a, m. a bench-fellow, Edda (Gl.)

Þórðr, m., gen. Þórðar, a pr. name, see Þórr (B).

Þór-duna, u, f. a mod. poët, word, from Dan. torden, the din of Thor, i.e. thunder, Bjarni.

ÞÓRR, m., gen. Þórs, dat. and acc. Þór, but Þóri dat., Bragi; in Runic inscriptions spelt Þur; [A.S. þunor; Engl. thunder; North. E. thunner; Dutch donder; O.H.G. donar; Germ. donner; Hel. thunar; Dan. Tor, in tor-den; cp. Lat. t&o-short;no and tonitrus; the word Þór-r is therefore formed by absorption of the middle n, and contraction of an older dissyllabic Þonor into one syllable, and is a purely Scandinavian form; hence in A.S. charters or diplomas it is a sure sign of forgery when names compd with þur- appear in deeds pretending to be of a time earlier than the Danish invasion in the 9th century; although in later times they abound; the Engl. Thurs-day is a later form, in which the phonetic rule of the Scandin. tongue has been followed; perh. it is a North. E. form. There is a short essay by Jacob Grimm on the etymology of this word.]

A. The god Thor, the god of thunder, keeper of the hammer, the ever-fighting slayer of trolls and destroyer of evil spirits, the friend of mankind, the defender of the earth, the heavens, and the gods, for without Thor and his hammer the earth would become the helpless prey of the giants. He was the consecrator, the hammer being the cross or holy sign of the ancient heathen, hence the expressive phrase on a heathen Danish Runic stone, Þurr vigi þassi runar, 'Thor, consecrate these Runes!' Rafn 193. Thor was the son of mother Earth; blunt, hot-tempered, without fraud or guile, of few words and ready stroke, -- such was Thor, the favourite deity of the ancients. The finest legends of the Edda, - and the best lays (the lays of Hymir, Thrym, and Harbard) refer to Thor, see the Edda passim, Eb. the first chapters -- hann varðveitti þar í eyinni Þórs-hof, ok var mikill vin Þórs, ... hann gékk til fréttar við Þór ástvin sinn ..., Eb.; Helgi var blandinn í trú, hann trúði á Krist, en hét á Þór til sjófara ok harðræða, Landn. 206. For a head of Thor carved on the high-seat pillars, see Eb., Fbr.: or on a talisman, Fs. 97.

B. COMPDS OF PROPER NAMES. -- The name of Thor has always been thought to sound well, and is much used in pr. names; (hann átti) son er Steinn hét, þann svein gaf Þórólfr Þór vin símim ok kallaði Þorstein, Eb.; uncompd only in the form Þórir of a man, Þóra of a woman, but common in compds, where in mod. usage the vowel is sounded long before a vowel, and before b and d, elsewhere short, but in old times it was no doubt ó throughout; -- thus, as a prefix, Þór-álfr, Þórólfr, Þórarr, Þór-arinn, Þór-oddr, Þór-haddr, Þór-halli, Þór-hallr; but Þor-bergr, Þor-björn, Þor-brandr, Þor-finnr, Þor-gautr, Þor-geirr, Þor-gestr (Þórgestlingar, the family of Th., Eb.), Þor-grímr, Þor-gils, Þor-gnýr, Þor-kell (qs. Þorketill), Þor-lákr (sounded Þollákr, Bs. i. 356, l. 18, and so in mod. usage), Þor-leifr, Þor-leikr, Þor-ljótr, Þor-móðr, Þor-mundr (Dan. Runic stone), Þor-steinn (sounded Þosteinn, and often, spelt so in later vellums), Þor-valdr, Þor-varðr, Þór-viðr; of women, Þór-ey, Þór-arna, Þor-finna, Þor-gríma, Þor-gunna, Þór-halla, Þór-hildr, Þór-unn, Þór-dís, Þor-gerðr, Þor-björg, Þor-katla, Þór-ný, Þor-veig, Þór-vör. 2. as a suffix. -Þórr, -Þóra, -dórr, -dóra; Arn-órr, qs. Arn-þórr and Arn-óra, Stein-dórr, Hall-dórr and Hall-dóra, Berg-þórr and Berg-þóra, Ey-þórr and Ey-þóra, Haf-þórr. Of all these names, three demand special mention, viz. Þórðr, being a contr. qs. Þór-røðr (as Bárðr = Bár-röðr), the old uncontr. form occurs in poems of the 10th century, e.g. Þórröðr vinon óra, Korm. 132; so Sighvat calls his own father Þórröðr (dissyll.). yet he makes it rhyme as if contracted (Þorröðr er var forðum), so Þorðr skorðu, Bjarn. (in a verse): the other name is Þuríðr, a fem. name, a weakened form for Þóríðr, Íb. 363 (qs. Þór-ríðr, like Sig-ríðr); thirdly, Þyri, a fem. name, weakened from Þór-vé, or still older Þór-veig, mod. Dan. Thyra, see Landn. 309; Þurvi (Þiurvi), gen. Þurviar, on Runic stones. II. in local names, Þórs-mörk, Þórs-nes, Þórs-á, Landn., Eb.; whence Þórs-nes-ingar, the men from Th., Landn.; and Þórs-ness-lönd, -þing, Eb., Landn., Korm.: Þórsnesinga-goðord, Landn., Eb. . Sturl.: Þórs-engi, n., i.e. Þórs-vengi, = Thaasinge in Fünen, Denmark.

C. COMPDS: Þórs-dagr, m. [A.S. Þunresdæg; O.H.G. Donares-tac, Toniris-tag; mid. Germ. Donres-tac; mod. Germ. Donners-tag; Dutch Donder-dag; Swed.-Dan. Tors-dag; in Engl. also contr. Thursday] :-- Thursday, dies Jovis, N.G.L. ii. 347, Rb. 572, Fms. ix. 317, passim; Helgi-Þórsdagr, Holy Thursday, Ascension Day, Js. 11, Fms. ix. 526, D.N.; Skíri-Þórsdagr, Dan. Skjertorsdag, Thursday in Passion-week, passim. Þórs-hani, a, m. a bird, cp. Óðins-hani. Þórs-hof, n. the temple of Jove, Clem., Al.

þótt, although, see þó (B. III).

ÞÓTTI, a, m. [Engl. thought], thought, mind; geð-þótti, hug-þótti, disposition. 2. haughtiness, anger; engi þótti né ofrkapp, Karl. 210, Mar.: and so in mod. usage, COMPDS: þóttaligr, adj. rude and haughty. þótta-fullr, adj. arrogant.

þóttr, m. = þótti; í föstum þótt (= or þokk?), in a surly mood, Stor.; mæla sinn þótt, to tell one's mind, Fb. i. 50.

þóttú, although thou, see þó (B. III. 4).

þramlast, að, dep. = þermlast, D.N. i. 317.

ÞRAMMA, að, to lumber along, walk heavily, like a bear, Fas. iii. 275, Hallfred (Fs. 105), Ísl. ii. 272 (in a verse).

þramman or þrömmun, f. a lumbering along, Am. 17.

þram-valr, m. [Germ. dram; Lat. trab-s, see Grimm, Dict. ii. 1332] :-- a 'beam-hawk,' i.e. a ship, poët., Leiðarv. 16.

ÞRAP, m. = þrapt, [cp. Engl. to threap = to wrangle.]

þrapt, n. a quarrel, Edda 110; cp. þrátta and þræta.

þras, n. a quarrel, litigation; opt er þras á þingum, Hallgr.: an idle quarrelling; þetta er ljóta þrasið! leiðinda-þras, a tiresome wrangle.

ÞRASA, pres. þrasi, [0.H.G. drason], to talk big, make a bold show; hví þrasir þú svá, Þórr? Ls. 59. 2. mod. to quarrel, wrangle.

Þrasi, a, m. (= þrasir), a pr. name, Landn.

þrasir, m. [cp. Ulf. þrasa-balþei = pugnacity, temerity], a sturdy fighter; in poët. compds, líf-þrasir (one who is hard to kill?), ör-þrasir, dólg-þrasir.

þraska, að, to rummage, better þröska; þótti henni þraskað um híbýli sín, Grett. 141 C.

þrauka, að, to hold on sturdily, stubbornly.

ÞRAUT, f. a struggle, great exertion, labour, hard task; þú sel manninn fram, ok lát mik eigi þurfa þraut til, Ld. 44; leggit á mik nokkura yfirbót eða þraut, Fms. i. 119; svá mikla þraut at leiða mikit lið í orrostuna aptr, x. 371; þola þrautir, Al. 92, Sks. 23 new Ed.; göra þraut til e-s, to try hard: ok mun ek nú eigi optarr þraut til göra, Lv. 69: in legends (such as that of Hercules) the labour or 'task' to be performed is called þraut, Bret. 22, 24; nú mun ek göra sem fornir menn, at ek mun láta þik vinna til ráða-hags þessa þrautir nökkurar, Eb. 132; leggja þraut fyrir e-n; thus, e.g. the twelve labours of Hercules are 'þrautir.' II. with prepp.; í þraut, in or with a desperate struggle, in the end, finally; ódrjúgr í allar þrautir, opp. to 'í fyrstunni,' Fms. viii. 134; öruggr í allri þraut, i. 305; hann gékk undan þeim í þraut, Eb. 320; at vísa djöflum til þrautar við mik, Fms. i. 305; eigi munu vér sigrask á þeim til þrautar, Fær. 75; berjask til þrautar, to fight to the end, Fas. ii. 535. Hkr. iii. 90, Fms. vi. 256. þrautar-laust, n. adj. without a struggle, easily, Fms. ii. 268, vi. 160.

þraut-góðr, adj. persevering, Rd. 308, Sks. 383, Fs. 161, 184.

þraut-laust, n. adj.; var þat eigi þ., it was not without a struggle, Eb. 172, Fas. ii. 478.

ÞRÁ, pres. þrái, pret. þráði, [Engl. throe], to feel throes, to long, pant after; þrár hann ok sýtir eptir þeim, Stj. 76; sýtandi ok þrándi eptir honum, 195; slá ekki slíku á þik, at þrá eptir einni konu, Ísl. ii. 250; þá skal ekki lengi þrá til þess er þó skal ekki tjá, Gísl. 99: with acc., Ketilríðar er Viglundr þráði, Bárð. 165. II. [þrá, n.], reflex. to persevere, be obstinate in a thing; en ef þeir þrásk á ok látask hvárigir fyrri hefja. N.G.L. i. 64; en alls þú þrásk á hóhn-göngu þessa, Karl. 90 (þrár svá mjök, v.l.)

þrá, n. a throe, hard struggle, obstinacy; en ef menn vilja þrá sitt til leggja, ok vilja heldr vera í banni en lausn taka, H.E. i. 238; ef hann stendr í því með þrái, 232; ef þú staðfestisk í þinu þrái, Stj. 285; Rafn harðnaði í sínu þrái við biskup, Bs. i. 761. 2. the phrase, í þrá, in defiance of; görði þat hverr í þrá öðrum, in spite of, in defiance of one another, Sturl. ii. 12; honum þótti þat mann-skaði mikill, ok mjök gört í þrá sér, and in his despite, in order to thwart him, Ó.H. 94; ganga á þrá, to veer round and become contrary, of wind; því næst gékk veðr á þrá, ok rak þá inn aptr undir Niðarhólm, Fms. ii. 207.

þrá, f. [þreyja], a throe, pang, longing; mikilliga þrá eðr helstríð, Stj. 38; böl er beggja þrá, Ls. 59; ljótar nornir skópu oss langa þrá, Skv. 3. 7; leggja þrár á e-t, to yearn after a thing, Flóv. 77; þrár hafðar er hefi til þins gamans, Fsm. 50; margr fær þrá fyrir litla stundar-fýsn, Mag.