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Wortschatz der Germanischen Spracheinheit
Title: Wörterbuch der Indogermanischen Sprachen: Dritter Teil: Wortschatz der Germanischen Spracheinheit Author: August Fick with contributions by Hjalmar Falk, entirely revised by Alf Torp Year: 1909
Downloads
- Improved PDF version by Dieter Studer (16 Dec 2006) (4.0 Mb)
- XML version (2.3 Mb)
- There are also old versions of the (PDF file (2.7 Mb) and the XML file (1.9 Mb). The old version of the XML file is still the one indexed for the Search system, because Sean hasn't had a chance to fix the programs for the new version.
- See below for TIFF and PNG page images.
Credit: Scanned, OCR-ed, and corrected by Sean Crist.
The book is a dictionary of reconstructed Proto-Germanic, organized by reconstructed lemmata, with each entry including the attested reflexes in the daughter Germanic languages, as well as cognates in the other Indo-European branches.
The entries are listed in Sanskrit alphabetical order, adapted for the Proto-Germanic segmental inventory (A, E Ê, I Î, Ô, U Û, K, H, G, T, Þ, D, P, F, B, N, M, J, R, L, V, S). The reconstructions are entirely out of date, and there are of course no cognates listed for the Tocharian or Anatolian branches, which had not yet been rediscovered in 1909. The main value of the text is in its orderly listing of Germanic cognate sets.
This project reached a major milestone in April 2003 with completion of hand corrections of the entire text.
The next task is to incorporate the errata section into the main body of the text. Further, there are also roughly 230 unresolved items where there was an apparent error in the original text or where the correct form of the text could not immediately be determined (e.g. because of an ink smudge on the page); these items have been denoted in the XML document, and for for some of these items, research will be necessary. The longer-term, major task will be to parse the text and create a rich, graph-based markup which encodes the etymological and morphological relations between words in a machine-readable manner.
Project history:
- October 1999: Initial assessment of Torp text and preliminary work (counts of non-standard characters, etc).
- October 2000: Scanning.
- March 2001: OCR. A great many global corrections were made to the new online text over the next few months.
- Summer 2001: Began hand correction of text.
- April 2003: Completed hand correction of text.
- September 2003: Wrote preliminary DTD and completed conversion to valid XML .
Corrections
- Matthew Carver corrected "nach Osten bin" to "nach Osten hin" (6:10, 21 Nov 2002)
- Matthew Carver corrected "ags. carg" to "ags. earg" (19:2, 22 Nov 2002)
- Dieter Studer did a tremendous job of resolving more than 60 of the lacunae and places where the reading of the text was uncertain. (Revised version posted 14 April 2006)
Please report any errors you find. Although a pass of hand-correction has been made on the entire text, it is extremely unlikely that every error has been caught.
Introductory pages
tiff png 1 1 First title page 2 2 Second title page Main text
tiff png 1 1 â - aihti 2 2 aig - aida 3 3 aisô(n) - ailda 4 4 aiva - (au) 5 5 auþa - augian 6 6 aud - austrô(n) 7 7 ausan - ahiz 8 8 agidô - ahtô 9 9 ahvô - at
tiff png 10 10 at(i)-gaiza - andan 11 11 an - anh 12 12 anhula - angra 13 13 anþara - andî 14 14 ann - apaldra 15 15 af - abnian 16 16 abra - amsa 17 17 ar - ardi 18 18 arma - arhvô 19 19 arga - arvait
tiff png 20 20 arsa - alla 21 21 ala - albî 22 22 albat - asani 23 23 aska - egila 24 24 et - êdrî 25 25 en - erki 26 26 erkna - elva 27 27 es - ik-verna(n) 28 28 îhva - ôfra 29 29 ôba - un-
tiff png 30 30 unkvi - undurni 31 31 ûp - ubila 32 32 ubisvô - usjôn 33 33 ustr(i)a - kêka 34 34 kap - ken 35 35 kunja - kunnan 36 36 kannian - kenk 37 37 keng - kamba 38 38 kambian - kar(a)ta 39 39 karô - kar
tiff png 40 40 kar - kôla 41 41 kula - kelt 42 42 kelþîn - ki 43 43 kîman - kip 44 44 kippa - kôda 45 45 kônia - kavara 46 46 keula - kut- 47 47 kuta - kuban 48 48 kumba - kn&schwa; 49 49 knag - knik
tiff png 50 50 knib - knûba 51 51 knus - kredô 52 52 krenk - krem 53 53 kramma - kru 54 54 kru - krup 55 55 krupila - klêt 56 56 klenta - klêftrô 57 57 klaban - klaima 58 58 klaiva - klevan 59 59 klut - kveþ
tiff png 60 60 kveþu - kveb 61 61 kvabbô - kverru 62 62 kvel - kvastu 63 63 kvi - hai 64 64 haiha - hainô 65 65 haifti - hau 66 66 hauja - hakan 67 67 hankô - hag 68 68 hag - hatiz 69 69 hêta - hônaz
tiff png 70 70 hanapa - hunþi 71 71 handu - hafjan 72 72 haba - habêni 73 73 habuda - hamala 74 74 ham - hamfa 75 75 her 1 - her 5 76 76 hrenþiz - haraþa 77 77 haruga - herþra 78 78 harsta - harpôn 79 79 herb - hurska
tiff png 80 80 hers - hel(a)vô 81 81 helva - helþa 82 82 hulma(n) - halþa 83 83 hulþa - hêli(a) 84 84 hihlôn - hald 85 85 haldo - helma 86 86 hallu - hasp(i)ô 87 87 hasva - haima 88 88 hîþa - hivia 89 89 hihurô - hîtô
tiff png 90 90 hitt - hu 91 91 huk - hut 92 92 huþ - hûna 93 93 huna(n)ga - hupi 94 94 huppôn - haupa 95 95 heupan - hulandra 96 96 hulisa - ga-hnaista(n) 97 97 hnakka(n) - knaskvu 98 98 hnella - hnit 99 99 hnip - knuk
tiff png 100 100 hnuki - hnus 101 101 hraina - hrêdan 102 102 hraþa - hrap 103 103 hrepaz - hremp 104 104 hrem(m) - hriþ 105 105 hrîpô - hrôka 106 106 hrôta - hru 107 107 hru - hrut 108 108 hrud - hrusôn 109 109 hrus - hlaupan
tiff png 110 110 hlaupa - hlanka 111 111 hlenka - hlîduma 112 112 hlîþrô - hlûda 113 113 hlut - hleuza 114 114 hva - hvek 115 115 hvat - hvamma 116 116 hvera - hvehvula 117 117 hvalaz - hvîlô 118 118 hvi - hvôstôn 119 119 ga - gagana
tiff png 120 120 gag(a)njan - gaizla 121 121 gaisila - gaunôn 122 122 gaura - gagula 123 123 get - gadma 124 124 gôda - ganhti 125 125 ganatan - geb 126 126 gebô - gam 127 127 gamala - ger 128 128 gera - garviôn 129 129 gura - garbô
tiff png 130 130 gers - gel 131 131 gel - geld 132 132 gelda - gazda 133 133 gez - gailô 134 134 givô - gis 135 135 gaisnia - gug 136 136 gug - gub 137 137 gaupanô - gnatta 138 138 gnit - granô 139 139 granô - grêd
tiff png 140 140 grada - grab 141 141 grabô - grab 142 142 gramsta - grêva 143 143 grasa - grîman 144 144 grid - gru 145 145 greuna - grûti 146 146 gruni - glê 147 147 glat - glêza 148 148 gli - glip 149 149 glis - glûrian
tiff png 150 150 glut - tadôn 151 151 tai - tak 152 152 tah - tangra 153 153 tagga - tegu 154 154 tahru - tandian 155 155 tandran - tam 156 156 tama - turda 157 157 turna - terh 158 158 turhta - tala 159 159 talôn - telg
tiff png 160 160 telga(n) - tîdi 161 161 tîman - têria 162 162 tîva - tikkian 163 163 tih - titt- 164 164 titrôn - tôma 165 165 tômian - tavên 166 166 taujan - tugôn 167 167 tugila - tut 168 168 tûna - tuz- 169 169 trek - tred
tiff png 170 170 tradô - tras 171 171 tru - trûkôn 172 172 trug - tvi- 173 173 tv&i-long-short;ha - tviznôn 174 174 tviska - þana 175 175 þana - þak 176 176 þek - þeh 177 177 þegna - þehs 178 178 þahsu - þunarôn 179 179 þank - þenh
tiff png 180 180 þenhvô - þenstra 181 181 þemb - þer 182 182 þarma - þerb 183 183 þerba - þela 184 184 þeljôn - þiþura 185 185 þinh - þulla 186 186 þûs-(h)undî - þut 187 187 þunara - þurpa 188 188 þurên - þus 189 189 þusta - þrêhs
tiff png 190 190 þrêg - þrepa 191 191 þreb - þrês 192 192 þresk - þridjan 193 193 þris - þru 194 194 þruh - þrauta 195 195 þrautian - þlauh 196 196 þvah - þver 197 197 þvarôn - dê 198 198 dêdi - dau 199 199 dauþa - denara
tiff png 200 200 dengv - dab 201 201 dab - damma 202 202 der - draba 203 203 drôb(i)a - dulþan 204 204 dulþi - di 205 205 dîjôn - digula 206 206 daiga - du 207 207 dûjan - dug 208 208 dug - dup 209 209 deupa - dauba
tiff png 210 210 dub - drag 211 211 drahtu - drenk 212 212 drunkana - dru 213 213 drauma - dreuga 214 214 druhti - drus 215 215 drûsên - dvala 216 216 dvalma - dusjô 217 217 deuza - paþa 218 218 penna - pôla 219 219 puk - put
tiff png 220 220 221 221 prag - plehti 222 222 plôga - plata 223 223 palta - faigia 224 224 faima - feh 225 225 fêha - feta 226 226 fetî - feþrô 227 227 feþria - fenk 228 228 fengra - femftan 229 229 femti - farjôn
tiff png 230 230 fôrian - fersti 231 231 feri - furî 232 232 furiz - frama 233 233 framaþja - fres-(s)ta 234 234 farha - fersnô 235 235 farza(n) - felma 236 236 fella - fel 237 237 felþa - falgô 238 238 felt - fall 239 239 falla - fasta
tiff png 240 240 faznô - fih 241 241 faiha - finki 242 242 finnô - fauska 243 243 fu - funhsti 244 244 fundôn - fnês 245 245 fnus - freh 246 246 frehti - fri 247 247 friþu - frîhals 248 248 friska - frus 249 249 fla - flaka
tiff png 250 250 flekka - fleh 251 251 flahto - fleþrôn 252 252 flas - flit 253 253 flîta - flavjan 254 254 flôvên - fleugôn 255 255 flut - ba 256 256 ba - bandvôn 257 257 bônian - bagma 258 258 bat - badja 259 259 badvô - bansa
tiff png 260 260 babalôn - bêrja 261 261 buri - burôn 262 262 burda - burda 263 263 ber - brêþi 264 264 brôjan - berhta 265 265 berg - barza 266 266 burstô - bulau 267 267 ballu - balku 268 268 belg - balva 269 269 basan - bîþla
tiff png 270 270 bi - bidian 271 271 bidôn - bôkô 272 272 bôka-staba - bôpla 273 273 bûra - bugan 274 274 bauga - buda 275 275 budan - burstô 276 276 bul - buska 277 277 braida - brakan 278 278 brak - bregdila 279 279 brêvô - breman
tiff png 280 280 brema - brôþer 281 281 brôvô - brut 282 282 brutjan - brus 283 283 breusta - blôdi 284 284 blôma - blanka 285 285 blahôn - blasa 286 286 bli - blig 287 287 blîga - bleuga 288 288 bluh - nau 289 289 nau - nêhva
tiff png 290 290 nêhvên - nagla 291 291 naglian - nadra 292 292 nenþ - nêpan 293 293 nôpi - nêmia 294 294 nem - ner 295 295 ner - nas 296 296 nasja - ni 297 297 niþra - nîþa 298 298 nîþian - nauþi 299 299 naudi-þurfti - nutjô
tiff png 300 300 nauta - mais 301 301 mê - maiþa 302 302 mainô - maura 303 303 mak - mag 304 304 mahti - met 305 305 meta - maþ 306 306 maþan - madarôn 307 307 medja - mana(n) 308 308 manniska - manja 309 309 mankan - mandula
tiff png 310 310 menþ - marôn 311 311 marva - murþa 312 312 murþian - marka 313 313 markôn - merz 314 314 mel - muldô 315 315 muljan - meluk 316 316 melhta - melt 317 317 malta - mas 318 318 mês - mazga 319 319 mi - mig
tiff png 320 320 mihstu - maiþma 321 321 (ga-)maida - misk 322 322 maiska - môta 323 323 môtian - mu 324 324 mûla(n) - muk 325 325 muk - mug 326 326 mut - murmur- 327 327 muvî - ja 328 328 ja - jehvula 329 329 jagôn - jut
tiff png 330 330 jus - juk 331 331 jun - rê 332 332 raiha - rakôn 333 333 rek - rehta 334 334 rehtian - reh 335 335 rahô - regana 336 336 regnian - rêd 337 337 rêda - rafa 338 338 rafisjan - reb 339 339 rem - rêmi
tiff png 340 340 remp - razdô 341 341 raska - rîþa 342 342 raimôn - rih 343 343 raigian - rid 344 344 raidô - rîpô 345 345 rîba - raisian 346 346 raisô - rôka 347 347 rôkian - rôb(i)ôn 348 348 ru - garûnan 349 349 rûnên - rukka(n)
tiff png 350 350 rukka - rut 351 351 rut - rud 352 352 ruda - raubian 353 353 rûma - rauskia 354 354 rausti - laik 355 355 laika - leuskan 356 356 lak - lêkia 357 357 lah - leg 358 358 laga - lagu 359 359 lêt - laþ-
tiff png 360 360 leþra - langa 361 361 langa-vrêkia - lanþra 362 362 landa - lab 363 363 lappan - lambaz 364 364 lerta - lîþu 365 365 li - liþu 366 366 liþuga - lîka 367 367 lihv - liþ 368 368 lida - libarô 369 369 labiô - laizian
tiff png 370 370 lîstôn - lavvô 371 371 lu - luk 372 372 luka - leuhad 373 373 leuhtian - lugja 374 374 laugnô - luþan 375 375 l&u-long-short;þrô - luppôn 376 376 lub 1 - lub 3 377 377 luftu - lausa 378 378 lausian - venda 379 379 venþian - vaida
tiff png 380 380 vaisundî - vôkra 381 381 vek - vehti 382 382 vahs - vehti 383 383 vegja - vag- 384 384 vagansan - vaskan 385 385 vetman - vada 386 386 ved - ven 387 387 veni - vênian 388 388 vunên - vunda 389 389 vanesiu - vanga
tiff png 390 390 vangan - vandian 391 391 vantu - vabja 392 392 vabjan - ver 393 393 vara - varnô 394 394 varnôn - ver 395 395 varuþa - verk 396 396 verka - varga 397 397 vargila - verþ 398 398 -verþa - verz 399 399 versis - velô
tiff png 400 400 veljan - valu 401 401 valvian - vulþu 402 402 vel - vulkana 403 403 valha - velþia 404 404 vald - vastiô 405 405 ves - vestanô 406 406 vi - vajju 407 407 vîian - vaikian 408 408 vih - vîha 409 409 vîhian - vitên
tiff png 410 410 vitaga - vîsôn 411 411 viþ - vîsan 412 412 vaissan - ver-aldi 413 413 vîla - viska 414 414 vôþ - vunda 415 415 vundra - vrek 416 416 vraka - vreng 417 417 vranga - vrigôn 418 418 vrîhan - vristu 419 419 vraistian - vlet
tiff png 420 420 vlanka - sa 421 421 sai - sêdi 422 422 sêman - saivalô 423 423 sak - sah 424 424 sahti - sag(v)ja 425 425 sehv - sag 426 426 sagô(n) - seta 427 427 setra - sêtia 428 428 sôta - senkv 429 429 sankvian - sanþ-
tiff png 430 430 sanþa - sanda 431 431 sendra - sebundi 432 432 sebjô - sama 433 433 sama-kunja - samþia 434 434 sômia - ser 435 435 sarva - salaz 436 436 saliþvô - salt 437 437 sultiô - sîman 438 438 saiþa - sîþiz 439 439 sîda - s&i-long-short;hvôn
tiff png 440 440 saiga - sil 441 441 sîlô - sûdô 442 442 seuda - seuka 443 443 seuhsla - sunda 444 444 sundiô - sup 445 445 supi - sumara 446 446 sûra - suz 447 447 sauza - skekkan 448 448 skah - skatta 449 449 skaþ - skenþa
tiff png 450 450 skenk - skapa 451 451 skapôn - skab 452 452 skabô - skandian 453 453 skemp - skarjan 454 454 skara(n) - skurô 455 455 skurdi - skert 456 456 skarda - skerb 457 457 skarba - skerza 458 458 skel - skallan 459 459 skallan - skulda
tiff png 460 460 skuldi - skelha 461 461 skald - ski 462 462 skîô - ski 463 463 skîan - skîda 464 464 skaiþô - skîbôn 465 465 skif - sku(v)van 466 466 skuvvian - skûrô 467 467 sku - skut 468 468 skuta - skud 469 469 skud - skupa
tiff png 470 470 skufta - skurôn 471 471 skurta - skr&e-long-short;k 472 472 skrekk - skratta 473 473 skrêd - skrenþ 474 474 skrep - skri 475 475 skrik - skruþ 476 476 skrud - skvent 477 477 skvel - staþa(n) 478 478 staþan - stôdia 479 479 stôda - stekan
tiff png 480 480 stakka - steg 481 481 staþan - steng 482 482 stangô - stôpan 483 483 stab - stam(m)ian 484 484 stômia - stemb 485 485 ster - stara 486 486 sturnan - starku 487 487 sturka - stalla 488 488 stullan - stalman 489 489 stel - sti
tiff png 490 490 stîma - stik 491 491 stiki - stigan 492 492 staigô - stifta 493 493 stiftôn - staura 494 494 steurian - stug 495 495 stut - stuttian 496 496 stub - staupa 497 497 staupa - strakkian 498 498 streh - strangi 499 499 strent - stremb
tiff png 500 500 strêla - strik 501 501 striki - strôdu 502 502 stru - strauma 503 503 struk - strûtôn 504 504 strutô - strup 505 505 stver - spêdia 506 506 spek - spatt 507 507 spadan - spanna 508 508 spen - sper 509 509 spura - spurnian
tiff png 510 510 sper - sparvan 511 511 spel - spell 512 512 spella - spika 513 513 spiha - spûtôn 514 514 spai(s)kuldra - spurdi 515 515 sprek - sprakan 516 516 sprêkia - sprent 517 517 sprêv - sprut 518 518 spruta(n) - snêka 519 519 snak - snat
tiff png 520 520 snad - snerk 521 521 snerh - snerr 522 522 snel - snaisô 523 523 snip - snu 524 524 sneumia - snauþia 525 525 snuþ - snus 526 526 snuzô - smat 527 527 smer - smert 528 528 smel - smelt 529 529 smelta - smairia
tiff png 530 530 smik - smiþ 531 531 smu - smug 532 532 smukka - slaiva 533 533 slek - slahta 534 534 slaga - slah 535 535 slatt - slenk 536 536 slanka - slend 537 537 slêp - slemp 538 538 slemba - slit 539 539 slita - slôga
tiff png 540 540 slôdô - sluk 541 541 slik - slut 542 542 sluþ - slurka 543 543 sv&e-long-short; - svaina 544 544 svehra - svê 545 545 svaþa - sveg 546 546 svagila - svenk 547 547 sveng - svend 548 548 svap - sunda 549 549 svampu - sver
tiff png 550 550 svêra - sverb 551 551 svel 1 - svel 3 552 552 svelh - svalvôn 553 553 svi - svik 554 554 svikna - svaitian 555 555 svitula - svib 556 556 svib - svôtu 557 557 Additions and corrections 558 558 Additions and corrections 559 559 Additions and corrections
tiff png 560 560 Additions and corrections 561 561 Additions and corrections 562 562 Additions and corrections 563 563 Additions and corrections 564 564 Additions and corrections 565 565 Additions and corrections 566 566 Additions and corrections 567 567 Additions and corrections 568 568 Additions and corrections 569 569 Additions and corrections
tiff png 570 570 Additions and corrections 571 571 Additions and corrections 572 572 Additions and corrections 573 573 Additions and corrections